AquaShield Bio-Filter Manuale di istruzioni

Bio-FilterTM

Stormwater Biofiltration System

Inspection and Maintenance Manual

March 2017

AquaShield,

Inc.

2733 Kanasita Drive, Suite 111

Chattanooga, TN 37343

Phone: (423) 870-8888

Fax: (423) 826-2112

Email: [email protected]

, Inc. 2017

AquaShield,TM Inc. Bio-FilterTM

Table of Contents

 AquaShieldTM Bio-FilterTM Overview

 Bio-FilterTM Operation

 Bio-FilterTM Inspection & Maintenance

 Appendix

2733 Kanasita Drive, Suite 111, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37343

Phone (423) 870-8888 Fax (423) 870-2112

www.AquaShieldInc.com

AquaShield

M Bio-Filter

Overview

The highest priority of AquaShieldTM, Inc. (AquaShield™) is to protect waterways

by providing stormwater treatment solutions to businesses across the world.

These solutions have a reliable foundation based on over 20 years of water

treatment experience. Local regulators, engineers, and contractors have praised

the AquaShieldTM systems for their simple design and ease of installation. All the

systems are fabricated from lightweight, durable materials, and contractors

prefer the quick and simple installation of our structures that saves them money.

The AquaShieldTM line of patented stormwater treatment products provide high

levels of stormwater treatment. AquaShieldTM manufactures the following

integrated product solutions:

 Aqua-Swirl® Stormwater Treatment System

 Aqua-FilterTM Stormwater Filtration System

 Aqua-GuardianTM Catch Basin Insert

 AquaShieldTM Bio-FilterTM Stormwater Biofiltration System

The

Bio-Filter

Stormwater Biofiltration System

is capable of gross

contaminant removal, coarse- and fine-grained sediment removal, oil removal, as

well as the removal of heavy metals and phosphorus.

This Inspection and Maintenance Manual provides important information for

continued effective operation of the AquaShieldTM Bio-FilterTM system.

The Bio-FilterTM

Stormwater Biofiltration System is a modular “tree box” design

that provides an innovative and sustainable green infrastructure solution to meet

the growing challenges of Low Impact Development (LID) practices. The Bio-

FilterTM is a water quality treatment device capable of removing coarse and fine

sediment, trash and debris, heavy metals bound to particulate matter, and oil by

utilizing elements of pretreatment and biofiltration. Biofiltration is accomplished

by a proprietary engineered soil biomedia as well as uptake by the selected tree.

The Bio-FilterTM provides advanced pretreatment for rainwater collection

structures, or can be used as a standalone device for discharges to sensitive

receiving waters. Each system is custom engineered for site-specific needs using

proven lightweight and durable Polymer Coated Steel (PCS). The system

operates under gravitational and hydrodynamic forces with no moving parts

which simplifies the treatment process. The standard Bio-FilterTM system utilizes

an internal bypass design with custom system footprints ranging from 4 x 4 feet

to 8 x 8 feet (16 to 64 square feet). An optional cylindrically shaped Bio-FilterTM

model uses an external bypass structure(s) in lieu of the internal bypass, having

similar surface areas as the standard models.

All Bio-FilterTM systems use a 3 inch top layer of mulch underlain by 18 or 24

inches of engineered biomedia, and an 8 inch gravel base containing an

underdrain pipe. Two 15-inch diameter metal access port covers to the Trash

Shelf, Pretreatment Chamber and Underdrain Pipe are also included for each

unit. A metal tree grate is available in several colors and patterns. A non-skid

surface material is used for the top of the unit and can be applied to the unit’s

sides on request. No heavy lifting equipment is needed for installation. All filter

media is typically shipped separately, and replacement biomedia is available from

AquaShieldTM. AquaShieldTM is not responsible for tree specification, purchase,

delivery, installation or maintenance.

Bio-FilterTM Media Installation

After the Bio-Filter™ is installed and before media installation, ensure that the

filtration chamber is free from debris and that the perforated underdrain pipe is

connected and in place (refer to SHOP drawing).

The first step in media installation is to fill the bottom 8 inches of the filtration

chamber with gravel (contractor furnished). Fill to the one inch flatbar

reinforcements that are attached to the front and back chamber walls at this

elevation. The top of the gravel bed should be smooth and level and the

underdrain pipe should be fully covered.

A layer of geotextile fabric (contractor furnished) is lain on top of the gravel bed.

Fabric should be smooth and cover the entire surface to the filtration chamber

walls.

Next the AquaShield™ Bio-Filter™ media is installed. The soil matrix should be

installed in 6 inch lifts and the surface of each lift smoothed and leveled before

proceeding to the next lift. Media should be filled to the upper 1-inch flatbar

reinforcements on the front and back filtration chamber walls.

At this point a solid cover should be placed over the tree grate opening and the

curb inlet blocked off to minimize construction debris from contaminating the

Bio-Filter™ media bed during the final site construction phases.

After all construction activities are complete, the cover should be removed from

the tree grate opening and the specified vegetation planted in the Bio-Filter™

media. After planting, the 3-inch layer of mulch (contractor furnished) should be

placed on top of the filter media bed. Note that mulch should not extend above

the bottom of the water distribution rails along the walls of the filtration

chamber. Refer to the AquaShield™ Bio-Filter™ Activation Guide to finalize

operation of the bio-filtration system.

Bio-FilterTM Operation

The five internal design elements of the Bio-FilterTM unit include the following:

1. Inlet and Trash Shelf

2. Pretreatment Chamber

3. Biofiltration Chamber

4. Outlet Chamber

5. Internal Bypass

These system components are identified in Figure 1. The five steps of Bio-FilterTM

treatment are described in the sections below.

Step 1: Inlet and Trash Shelf

Operation begins when water enters the Bio-Filter™, such as a curb inlet, and

flows onto the screened Trash Shelf. As water flow spreads out across the shelf,

debris is removed and retained. Both the internal structural wall of the Trash

Shelf and the weir wall of the Internal Bypass Weir serve to retain the influent

debris. The water quality treatment flow volume exits the Trash Shelf and enters

the Pretreatment Chamber. Flow volume in excess of the water treatment flow

can flow over the weir wall of the Internal Bypass, configured on the edge of the

Trash Shelf, and into the underlying Outlet Chamber. Bypass flows are screened

in order to retain trash and debris.

Figure 1. AquaShieldTM Bio-FilterTM System and its five design elements

Step 2: Pretreatment

The water quality treatment flow enters the Pretreatment Chamber where coarse

sediment and oil are captured and retained by principles associated with

hydrodynamic vortex separation, such as that incorporated into the design of the

field proven Aqua-Swirl® Stormwater Treatment System. Water enters the

Pretreatment Chamber by a tangential inlet between the Trash Shelf and

Pretreatment Chamber. This inlet sets up the swirling flow motion forcing coarse

sediment to fall out of suspension and accumulate at the base of the chamber.

Any floatables and oil will be retained by the arched baffle positioned on the

outlet side of the chamber. Water exits the Pretreatment Chamber underneath

the arched baffle and through a horizontal opening that extends along the width

of the chamber wall. Water then enters the Biofiltration Chamber.

Step 3. Biofiltration

The water quality treatment flow is distributed across the entire top of the

Biofiltration Chamber via a flow distribution channel that extends entirely along

the outer edge of the chamber. The distribution channel also dissipates the water

flow’s energy to avoid disturbing the engineered soil biomedia and tree. Water

then flows downward driven by gravity flow through the biomedia and plant root

ball to remove fine sediment, heavy metals, residual oil and phosphorus. Next,

filtered water enters a 4-inch inner diameter perforated Schedule 40 PVC

Underdrain Pipe placed within 8 inches of gravel at the base of the chamber.

Treated water is conveyed within the pipe to the adjacent Outlet Chamber

positioned directly underneath the Trash Shelf.

Step 4. Outlet Chamber

Both the water quality treatment flow from the Biofiltration Chamber and any

associated bypass flow is routed into the Outlet Chamber prior to discharge. The

outlet pipe can be placed on either of the two sides of the chamber to facilitate

installation designs.

Step 5. Internal Bypass Weir

The standard Bio-FilterTM design includes an Internal Bypass designed not only to

accommodate high flow conditions, but also to minimize the device’s installation

footprint by eliminating the need for any external bypass structures. Internal

bypass occurs when the head level rises within the unit such that flows in excess

of the water quality treatment flow will spill across the overflow weir on the

Trash Shelf and downward into the underlying Outlet Chamber. The bypass weir

is screened to prevent escape of trash and debris during high-flow events.

Bio-FilterTM Biomedia

The natural proprietary engineered biomedia used in the Bio-FilterTM system is

capable of removing waterborne pollutants such as fine silts and clays, oil and

heavy metals bound to particulate matter (copper, lead, zinc) and phosphorus.

The media is configured within the Biofiltration Chamber from top to bottom as

follows:

 Three (3) inches of mulch,

 18 to 24 inches of a proprietary blend of natural biomedia having an

infiltration capacity between 120 and 135 inches per hour.

 8 inches of gravel containing a 4 inch inner diameter Schedule 40 PVC

underdrain pipe perforated on the underside.

Bio-Filter

Inspection & Maintenance

The long-term performance of

the stormwater treatment

structures (including

manufactured systems,

ponds, swales, etc.), and the

effective protection of

receiving waters, depends on

a consistent maintenance

plan. Inspection and

maintenance (I & M)

functions are simple and easy

for AquaShield™ Stormwater

Treatment Systems allowing

all inspections to be

performed from the surface.

It is important that a consistent and routine I & M program be established for

each unit based on (1) the volume or load of the contaminants of concern, (2)

the frequency of releases of contaminants at the facility or location, and (3) the

nature of the area being drained.

In order to ensure that our systems are being properly maintained, AquaShield™

offers a maintenance solution to all of our customers. We can arrange to have a

maintenance event performed.

Inspection and Maintenance Data Sheets are provided in the Appendix of this

Manual.

Bio-Filter

Inspection

The AquaShield

Bio-Filter

can be inspected from the surface, eliminating the

need to enter the system to determine when cleanout should be performed.

In most cases, AquaShield™ initially recommends a frequent inspection cycle

following installation. Inspection frequency will be dependent on site loading

conditions. At a minimum following installation and/or activation, we recommend

a quarterly inspection of the system for the first year of operation to develop an

appropriate schedule of maintenance.

Based on experience of the system’s first year in operation, we further

recommend that the inspection schedule be revised to reflect the site-specific

conditions encountered.

Inspections for Bio-FilterTM components of the Inlet, Trash Shelf, Pretreatment

Chamber, Biofiltration Chamber, Outlet Chamber and the tree should be

performed generally on a quarterly basis, but at least annually. Conditions of

both metal covers, metal tree grate, and any external bypass structure(s) should

also be noted. Information gathered during the first year of service can often be

used to create a maintenance plan appropriate for the site.

Bio-FilterTM Maintenance

Inlet and Trash Shelf

Inspections of the Inlet and Trash Shelf can be viewed at the Inlet itself and

through a 15 inch diameter metal access cover located closest to the Inlet. It is

important to consistently keep both the Inlet and Trash Shelf significantly free of

accumulated materials to ensure proper operation of the Bio-FilterTM unit.

Materials can be removed by the use of a vacuum truck while performing

maintenance of the other Bio-Filter

TM components. Given the nature of typical

curb inlet designs, manual removal of debris may be necessary depending on

site-specific conditions.

Pretreatment Chamber

Access to the Pretreatment Chamber for inspections and maintenance tasks can

be accomplished at the surface through a 15 inch diameter metal access port

(located furthest from Inlet). The Pretreatment Chamber retains coarse material

and sediment and any free floating oil. Underground entry to the Pretreatment

Chamber is not needed given its accessibility through the access port.

Maintenance is triggered when no more than six (6) inches of sediment depth

(thickness) accumulates in the Pretreatment Chamber. The sediment pile

thickness is easily determined by comparing the distance to the top of the

sediment pile to the distance to the base of the chamber. The distance to the

base of the Pretreatment Chamber can be obtained (a) in the field by using a

stadia rod or other rigid measuring device or (b) reviewing a model specification

drawing.

Biofiltration Chamber

I & M events for the Biofiltration chamber are accomplished from the surface,

but it may be necessary to step into the media to accomplish media repositioning

or removal. It is first necessary to remove the metal tree grate. The conditions of

both the mulch top layer, biomedia and tree should be documented. Any filter

media replacement should include, at a minimum, the top layer of mulch. Further

inspection may indicate that the top 3 to 6 inches of the biomedia (below the

mulch layer) may also need replacement, being careful not to disturb the tree’s

trunk, rootball or its stability. The mulch and top layer of biomedia can be

vacuumed from the chamber if feasible, but manual removal and replacement

may be appropriate depending on whether unique circumstances indicate such

action. Replacement mulch and biomedia is available from AquaShieldTM.

The Underdrain Pipe is accessible through the metal access port for the Trash

Shelf. A vacuum snake line can be inserted through the Internal Bypass opening

and down to the opening of the Underdrain Pipe. Any sediment in the pipe can

be vacuumed out accordingly.

Outlet Chamber

The Outlet Chamber is designed to be free of any significant accumulated

material. Yet, if any sediment has accumulated in this chamber, it is accessible

through the Internal Bypass opening, similar to the approach to access the

Underdrain Pipe described above.

Filter Media and Removed Materials Disposal

All I & M activities can be performed from the surface without the need for an

AquaShieldTM representative to be on site. AquaShieldTM recommends that all

materials removed during the maintenance process be handled and disposed in

accordance with all applicable federal, state and local guidelines. Depending on

the influent pollutant characteristics of the facility drainage area, it may be

appropriate to perform Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

analyses on representative samples of the spent filter media and recovered

materials to ensure that the handling and disposition of the materials complies

with applicable environmental regulations and practices.

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