Avtodizel ???-238??2 Manuale utente
"AVTODIZEL" JSC
(Yaroslavl Diesel Engine Plant)
P O W E R U N I T S
ЯМЗ-238БЕ2, ЯМЗ-238БЕ
ЯМЗ-238ДЕ2, ЯМЗ-238ДЕ
Operating Instructions
238ДЕ-3902150-B РЭ
RUSSIA YAROSLAVL
2
The Instruction contains the description of de-
sign, fundamentals of operating and maintenance service
of the power units ЯМЗ-238БЕ2, ЯМЗ-238БЕ, ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2, ЯМЗ-238ДЕ of all versions. The Instruction is
intended for the drivers and the personnel, connected to
operating of ЯМЗ power units.
The remarks on a design and power units run,
and also wishes and proposals on the contents of the
present Instruction we ask to send to the address: Chief
Designer Department, “Avtodizel” JSC, October Pro-
spectus, 75, Yaroslavl, 150040, Russia.
In connection with constant activity on perfection
of Power Units, their reliability and durability in a de-
sign can be introduced the modifications which are not
reflected in the present edition.
3
The powerful and highly efficient power
unit you are going to operate is reliable and con-
venient in operation. However it is necessary to
remember, that the service life of the unit sub-
stantially depends on a regular and careful care of
it. Before the beginning of operation closely
study the present Instruction and observe all its
requests. The present Instruction compiled on the
basis of research work and experience of opera-
tion, contains the necessary instructions, which
when faithfully and insistently observed will en-
sure to you failure-free and long power unit run.
The power units design is perfecting con-
stantly. All the modifications are describing in
Additions that located in the end of the brochure
or printed separately.
4
C A U T I O N !
1. Serviceable engine run and long of its service life are in direct relation
to culture of operation. Before the beginning of operation attentively
familiarize with the present manual
2. Observe rules specified in section “Running in of the new engine”, as
during that period the frictional surfaces are wearing in.
3. The application of the fuels, oils, greases and coolants not specified in
the present instruction is not allowed.
4. Before the engine starting after change of oil, an element oil filter,
long parking (5 day and more), replacements or repair of assembly
units and details install the shut-off clamp of the governor in fuel de-
livery off position and within 10-15 seconds turn the engine crankshaft
with starter. At presence of pressure it is possible to start up the en-
gine. After starting the engine should run on the revolutions of idling,
which are not exceeding 1000 rpm., but no more than 5 minutes.
5. After starting before loading warm up the engine at idle to coolant
temperature 40-50oC, then at small load – to 75-90oC. The full loading
of the cold engine is not allowed. It is allowed shot-term (about
10 minutes) increase of the coolant temperature up to 95oC. At appli-
cation of motor oils of increased viscosity, not below than
M5з/14Д(M) (SAE 10W/40) it is allowed long engine run at 95oC and
short-term run at 100oC.
6. At operating monitor the oil pressure in engine lubrication system
(section «Monitoring behind engine run»).
7. To prevent turbocharger breakage the engine before shut-off should
run within 3-5 minutes at mid-idle speed.
8. It is not recommended the engine run at minimum idle speed more
than 10-15 minutes, except for a warming-up of the cold engine after
starting.
9. It is categorically forbidden to switch on the starter on the running or
not stopped engine.
10. Carry out maintenance service in corresponding to section
«Maintenance Service».
11. Engine run when signal lamps of oil and air filters are light is not al-
lowed.
12. Use only approved filter elements.
13. Observe the regulations of operating of the clutch and gearbox
(See corresponding sections of “Operating Instructions”).
5
ATTENDING AND
FEATURINGS OF POWER
UNITS VERSIONS
The power units of “Avtodizel” JSC are multi-functional ones.
Owing to their technical characteristics, universality, high grade of
unification and repairing ability they widely used on original equip-
ment of Minsk, Ural, Mogilev, Krementchug and other vehicle plants.
The application of the “Avtodizel” power units is shown in the
Table. The application of the units for some other equipment should be
agreed with “Avtodizel” JSC.
Completeness
Power
Unit
model and
version
Clutch
model
Gear
box
model
Alternator
model
Original Equipment
and its manufacturer
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ-1 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВМ7
1322.3771
or
Г273В1
MAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238БЕ-2 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВК7
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ-2 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВК7
1702.3771 KrAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ-5
ЯМЗ-
183-40 –
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ-10 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВМ7
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ-11 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
239
1322.3771
or
Г273В1
MAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238БЕ2-2 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВК7 1702.3771 KrAZ
Trucks
6
Completeness
Power
Unit
model and
version
Clutch
model
Gear
box
model
Alternator
model
Original Equipment
and its manufacturer
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2* ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВМ7
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2-1 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВМ7
1322.3771
or
Г273В1
6582.3701
-03 or
3112.3771
MAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2-2 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВК7 1702.3771 KrAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2-3 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
238ВМ7
1322.3771
or
Г273В1
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2-5
ЯМЗ-
183-40 – –
MAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2-6 ЯМЗ-182 ЯМЗ-
238Б3 1702.3771 KrAZ
Trucks
ЯМЗ-
238ДЕ2-8 ЯМЗ-183 ЯМЗ-
239
1322.3771
or
Г273В1
6582.3701
-03 or
3112.3771
MAZ
Trucks
* Engines with separate cylinder heads.
7
SPECIFICATION
The Power Units are intended for operating at the temperature
of ambient air within minus 60ºСplus 50ºС, relative humidity up to
98% at temperature 25ºС, air dusty up 0,4 g/m3, for operating in
mountain conditions to the altitude 4500 m above sea-level, overcom-
ing of the pass up to 4650 m at appropriate decreasing of power and
economical parameters.
Fig. 1. Power Unit ЯМЗ-238ДЕ
KEY PARAMETERS AND CHARACTERISTICS
Power Unit Model
Key parameters and charac-
teristics ЯМЗ-238БЕ ЯМЗ-238БЕ2 ЯМЗ-238ДЕ ЯМЗ-238ДЕ2
Engine Type Four-stroke turbocharged diesel engine
Number of cylinders 8
Configuration of cylinders V – 90º
Firing order 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8
Scheme of numbering of
cylinders
Crankshaft Direction of
rotation To right
Cylinder Diameter, mm 130
Piston Stroke, mm 140
Engine Displacement, l 14,86
Compression Ratio 16,5
8
9
Power Unit Model
Key parameters and charac-
teristics ЯМЗ-238БЕ ЯМЗ-238БЕ2 ЯМЗ-238ДЕ ЯМЗ-238ДЕ2
Nominal Power, kW (hp.) 220 (300) 243 (330)
Nominal Speed, min-1 2000 50
20
+
−2100 50
20
+
−
Maximum Torque, Nm (kgfm)
1180 (120) 1274 (130) 1225 (125) 1274 (130)
Speed at Maximum Torque,
min-1 1200 - 1400 1100 - 1300 1200 - 1400 1100 - 1300
Idle Speed, min-1:
maximum 2175 2275
minimum 600±50
Specific Fuel Consumption,
g/kW·h (g/hp.·h):
minimum 206,7 (152) 195 (143) 206,7 (152) 195 (143)
at Nominal Power 227 (167) 223 (164) 227 (167) 230 (169)
Specific Oil Consumption in
% to SFC, no more 0,5 0,2 0,5 0,2
Speed-Torque Characteristics
See Fig. 2 - 3
9
10
Power Unit Model
Key parameters and charac-
teristics ЯМЗ-238БЕ ЯМЗ-238БЕ2 ЯМЗ-238ДЕ ЯМЗ-238ДЕ2
Air-Fuel Mixing Direct Injection
Combustion Chamber Single-cavity in Piston
Camshaft Gear driven, one for two banks of cylinders
Valves Timing Angles:
Inlet Valves:
Opening, degrees before TDC 20 21,5 20 21,5
Closing, degrees after BDC 40 31,5 40 31,5
Outlet Valves:
Opening, degrees before TDC 66 63 66 63
Closing, degrees after BDC 20 29,5 20 29,5
Number of valves per cylin
der
One inlet and one outlet
Thermal Clearances of Val-
ves (on cold engine), mm 0,25 - 0,30
Lubrication System Mixed with oil cooling in water-cooled oil cooler. Crankshaft and Camshaft Bear-
ings, Push Rod spherical Ends, Valve Rocker Arm Bushes, Fuel Injection Pump
and Turbocharger are oiled under Pressure.
Other Frictional surfaces are oiled by splashing.
10
Questo manuale è adatto per i seguenti modelli
1
Indice
