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BE1-87G - Introduction i

W A R N I N G !

To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, only

qualified personnel should perform the procedures

presented in this manual.

INTRODUCTION

This manual provides information concerning the operation and installation of the BE1-87G Variable

Percentage Differential Relay. To accomplish this, the following is provided.

Specifications

Functional description

Mounting information

Setting procedure/example.

ii BE1-87G - Introduction

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

OF BASLER ELECTRIC COMPANY, HIGHLAND, IL. IT IS LOANED FOR

CONFIDENTIAL USE, SUBJECT TO RETURN ON REQUEST, AND WITH THE

MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED IN ANY MANNER

DETRIMENTAL TO THE INTEREST OF BASLER ELECTRIC COMPANY.

First Printing: December 1985

Printed in USA

May 1999

It is not the intention of this manual to cover all details and variations in equipment, nor does this

manual provide data for every possible contingency regarding installation or operation. The

availabilityanddesignofallfeatures and options are subjecttomodificationwithoutnotice. Should

further information be required, contact Basler Electric Company, Highland, Illinois.

BASLER ELECTRIC

ROUTE 143, BOX 269

HIGHLAND, IL 62249 USA

http://www.basler.com, [email protected]

PHONE 618-654-2341 FAX 618-654-2351

BE1-87G - Introduction iii

CONTENTS

SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1-1

Description ..............................................1-1

Applications .............................................1-1

Variable Restraint Characteristic ..........................1-3

Design Highlights ......................................1-3

Model and Style Number ...................................1-3

Style Number Example .................................1-3

Style Number Identification Chart .........................1-4

Specifications ............................................1-5

SECTION 2 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 2-1

SECTION 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 3-1

General .................................................3-1

Functional Description .....................................3-1

Current Transformers ...................................3-1

Stabilizing Reactor .....................................3-2

Bandpass Filters ......................................3-3

Comparator ..........................................3-3

Outputs .............................................3-3

Targets (Optional) .....................................3-3

Push-To-Energize (Optional) .............................3-3

Power Supply Status Output (Optional) .....................3-3

Power Supply .........................................3-4

SECTION 4 INSTALLATION 4-1

General .................................................4-1

Dielectric Test ............................................4-1

Mounting ................................................4-1

Relay ...............................................4-1

S1 Case, Outline Dimensions ............................4-1

S1 Case, Double-Ended, Outline Dimensions ................4-2

S1 Case, Panel Drilling Diagram ..........................4-3

Stabilizing Reactor .....................................4-4

S1 Case And Reactor, Outline Dimensions ..................4-5

Connections .............................................4-5

Typical DC Control Connections ..........................4-6

Single-Phase Sensing Input Connections ...................4-6

Three-Phase Sensing Input Connection ....................4-7

Single Phase Internal Connection Diagram ..................4-8

Three Phase Internal Connection Diagram ..................4-9

SECTION 5 TESTING AND SETTING 5-1

General .................................................5-1

Relay Operating Precautions ................................5-1

Dielectric Test ............................................5-1

Equipment Required .......................................5-1

Operational Test Procedure .................................5-2

Operational Test Setup .................................5-2

Location Of Assemblies (Single-Phase Only) ................5-3

TP-1 And TP-2 On Single-Phase Relays ....................5-3

Single-Phase Trip And Dropout Test .......................5-4

iv BE1-87G - Introduction

CONTENTS - Continued

SECTION 5 TESTING AND SETTING - Continued

Sensing Input Range 1, Operating Characteristics ............ 5-5

Sensing Input Range 2, Operating Characteristics ............ 5-6

Extended Restraint Operating Characteristic ................... 5-7

Pickup Response Timing ............................... 5-7

Phases B And C, Trip And Dropout Test ................... 5-8

Target Test .......................................... 5-8

Auxiliary Output Test .................................. 5-8

Push To Energize Output Test ........................... 5-8

Power Supply Status Output Test ......................... 5-8

Setting The Relay ........................................ 5-8

General ............................................. 5-8

Setting Example Number One ........................... 5-10

Setting Example Number Two ........................... 5-11

SECTION 6 MAINTENANCE 6-1

General ................................................ 6-1

In-House Repair ......................................... 6-1

Storage ................................................ 6-1

SECTION 7 MANUAL CHANGE INFORMATION 7-1

BE1-87G - General Information 1-1

WARNING

Relays manufactured prior to July 22, 1991 (EIA date code symbol 9129 and previous)

do NOT have case jumpers between terminals 7 and 8 (single phase units). This also

applies to three phase relays terminals 7 and 8, terminals 13 and 14, and terminals 17

and 18. Exercise CAUTION when grounding or testing current transformer circuits

connected to these terminals.

SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION

DESCRIPTION

BE1-87G Variable Percentage Differential relays are single- or three-phase solid state devices designed to

provide selective, high-speed, differential protection for generators, motors and shunt reactors.

Differentialrelayingselectivityis based ontheability ofa relay todistinguishbetween an internalfault(within

the protected zone) and an external fault. Under normal operating conditions the current into the protected

zone equals the current out of the protected zone with a net operating current equal to zero. Internal faults

upset this balance and result in a difference between the input and output currents. External faults have

relatively little effect on the balance because the protected zone input current still equals the output current.

Therefore, by comparing the currents on both sides of the protected element or zone and detecting when

these currents are not equal, a differential relay acts to isolate the element or zone from the system with

unsurpassed effectiveness.

BE1-87G Variable Percentage Differential relays typically trip a lockout relay (86) which in turn trips the

generator breaker and, when present, the field and/or neutral breakers.

APPLICATION

BE1-87G Variable Percentage Differential relays are recommended for the following specific applications

when used with current transformers (CT) with an accuracy class of either C20 or better or T20 or better.

Generators: any terminal voltage and a rating of 1000 kVA and above.

Generators: any kVA rating and a terminal voltage of 5 kV and above.

Generators: a terminal voltage of 2200 V or higher, and a rating of more than 500 kVA.

Motors: rated 1500 horsepower and above.

As primary protection on shunt reactors for transmission lines.

Generator ground differential

Differential relaying is the most selective form of fault protection which may be applied to the individual

elements or zones of ac power systems. Various types of differential relays and relaying systems have

evolved to take advantage of the differential principle.

Typical application schemes are shown in Figures 1-1 and 1-2.

1-2 BE1-87G - General Information

Figure 1-1. Typical Single-Phase Application Scheme

Figure 1-2. Typical Three-Phase Application Scheme

BE1-87G - General Information 1-3

Variable Restraint Characteristic

Athighcurrentlevels,theinevitabledifferenceinthesaturationcharacteristicsbetweencurrenttransformers

indicates a need for a compensating decrease in relay sensitivity. The design of the BE1-87G provides a

restraint factor that is proportional to input current when the restraining current (IR) is greater than nominal

(fiveamperesforsensinginputtypeoneoroneampereforsensinginputtypetwo). TheBE1-87Gcompares

the protected zone sensed input and output currents. The lesser of the two sensed current levels becomes

therestrainingcurrent. Thedifference between thetwosensedcurrents(theoperatingcurrent)iscompared

to a reference established by the sensitivity setting, and adjusted by an amount proportional to the

restrainingcurrent. This makes theBE1-87G moresensitive to lowcurrentinternal faults,and less sensitive

to external faults with high levels of through current.

When the restraining current is at nominal (five amperes for sensing input type one or one ampere for

sensing input type two) or less, the relay trips if the differential current exceeds the relay setting (IS). But

whentherestrainingcurrent is greaterthannominal,the overall sensitivityisa combination ofthe front panel

setting and the restraint factor.

Design Highlights

Some of the many advantages of the solid-state BE1-87G Variable Percentage Differential Relay are

summarized as follows.

Seven sensitivity levels on each of the two sensing input ranges. The seven levels allow

compensation for CT mismatch and provide the flexibility and adaptability necessary for many

special applications such as split winding generator protection.

Stabilizing reactor. Minimizes dissimilar performance of system CTs. Reactor can be located on

the back of the relay or remotely from the BE1-87G for flexibility of system installation.

Variable restraint. The variable restraint characteristic allows increased sensitivity to low current

internal faults while providing increased security against high levels of through current caused by

external faults.

Single-orthree-phaseavailability. EitherconfigurationisavailableintheBaslerElectricS1drawout

case.

High-Speed Operation. The BE1-87G operates in 30 milliseconds for fault levels of 10 times the

sensitivity setting. This high-speed operation minimizes potential damage to the protected

equipment. Response characteristics for sensing input ranges 1 and 2 are shown in Section 5,

Testing And Setting

the relay.

MODEL AND STYLE NUMBER

The electrical characteristics and operational features included in a specific relay are defined by a

combination of letters and numbers whichconstitutes the device's style number. The style number together

with the model number describe the features and options in a particular device and appear on the front

panel, drawout cradle, and inside the case assembly. The model number BE1-87G designates the relay

as a Basler Electric Class 100, Variable Percentage Differential Relay.

Style Number Example

Figure 1-3 illustrates the style number identification chart with features andoptions for BE1-87G relays. For

example, if the style number were BE1-87G GlE AlJ AOCOF the device would have the following:

1-4 BE1-87G - General Information

BE1-87G Model Number

GThree-phase sensing input

1Sensing range switch selectable for 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, or 1.6 A

ENormally open output relay

A1 Instantaneous timing

JOperating power derived from 125 Vdc or 100/120 Vac

AInternally operated targets (one per phase)

0No option 1 available

CPush-to-energize outputs (pushbuttons)

0No auxiliary output contacts

FSemi-flush mounting

Style Number Identification Chart

Figure 1-3 is the Style Number identification Chart for the BE1-87G Variable Percentage Differential relay.

Figure 1-3. Style Number Identification Chart

BE1-87G - General Information 1-5

SPECIFICATIONS

BE1-87Grelaysareavailableinsingle-phaseandthree-phaseconfigurations,andwiththefollowingfeatures

and capabilities.

Current Sensing Inputs

(5 Ampere) Nominally rated at 5 amperes, with a range of 45 to 65 hertz. Maximum

current per input: 10 amperes continuous, 250 amperes for 1 second.

(1 Ampere) Nominally rated at 1 ampere, with a range of 45 to 65 hertz. Maximum

current per input: 2 amperes continuous, 50 amperes for 1 second.

Current Sensing Burden

(5 Ampere) Burden is less than 0.05 ohms per input.

(1 Ampere) Burden is less than 0.25 ohms per input.

Stabilizing Reactor Refer to Section 4 for stabilizing reactor impedance characteristic curves.

I2t Rating

(5 Ampere) 65 amperes for 1 second at 70(C ambient, (I2t=4225).

(1 Ampere) 13 amperes for 1 second at 70(C ambient, (I2t=4225).

Pickup Control A front panel control permits minimum differential (operate) currents to be

selected. This sensitivity is constant for restraint currents less than the

nominal current (5 or 1 amperes). Actual operating characteristics are

shown in graph format in Section 5,

Testing And Setting

the relay.

(5 Ampere) Minimum differential (operate) current = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, or 1.6

amperes. The ideal operating characteristic is approximated by the

following equations.

where

IRis the restraint current, defined as the lesser of the input currents.

IOP is the operate current

ISis the front panel setting

For IR5 amperes: IOP = IS

For IR> 5 amperes: IOP = IS+ 0.5(IR- 5)

(1 Ampere) Minimum differential (operate) current = 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.08, 0.10, 0.16,

or 0.32 ampere. The ideal operatingcharacteristic is approximated by the

following equations.

For IR1 ampere: IOP = IS

For IR> 1 ampere: IOP = IS+ 0.5(IR- 1)

Pickup Accuracy

(5 Ampere) For IR5 amperes, ±5% of the operate pickup characteristic or 25

milliamperes whichever is greater. Actual operating characteristics are

shown in graph format in Section 5,

Testing And Setting

the relay.

For IR5 amperes, up to a maximum of 20 amperes, ±8% of the operate

pickup characteristic or 150 milliamperes, whichever is greater. Actual

operating characteristics for pickup values between 5 and 20 amperes are

shown in graph format in Section 5,

Testing And Setting

the relay.

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