Campbell Hydrosense Manuale utente

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Hydrosense

Revision: 2/01

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

Warranty and Assistance

The HYDROSENSE is warranted by CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. to be

free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service

for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless specified otherwise.

Batteries have no warranty. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s obligation

under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing (at CAMPBELL

SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s option) defective products. The customer shall assume all

costs of removing, reinstalling, and shipping defective products to CAMPBELL

SCIENTIFIC, INC. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. will return such

products by surface carrier prepaid. This warranty shall not apply to any

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. products which have been subjected to

modification, misuse, neglect, accidents of nature, or shipping damage. This

warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, including

warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. CAMPBELL

SCIENTIFIC, INC. is not liable for special, indirect, incidental, or

consequential damages.

Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following

contact information is for US and International customers residing in countries

served by Campbell Scientific, Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle repairs

for customers within their territories. Please visit www.campbellsci.com to

determine which Campbell Scientific company serves your country. To obtain

a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL

SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone (435) 753-2342. After an applications engineer

determines the nature of the problem, an RMA number will be issued. Please

write this number clearly on the outside of the shipping container.

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC's shipping address is:

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.

RMA#_____

815 West 1800 North

Logan, Utah 84321-1784

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. does not accept collect calls.

HydroSense Table of Contents

PDF viewers note: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use

the Adobe Acrobat® bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.

1. General Description....................................................1

1.1 Introduction...............................................................................................1

1.2 HydroSense Modes...................................................................................2

2. Specifications .............................................................2

3. Unpacking and Setup .................................................3

4. Water Content Measurement Mode...........................4

4.1 Introduction...............................................................................................4

4.2 Display Information..................................................................................4

4.3 Description of Water Content Measurement Mode ..................................5

4.4 Selecting Probe Rod Length .....................................................................5

4.5 Measuring Volumetric Water Content......................................................6

4.6 Measurements in Special Materials...........................................................6

5. Water Deficit Mode......................................................6

5.1 Description of Water Deficit Mode ..........................................................6

5.2 Display Information..................................................................................6

5.3 Calibration—Setting the Lower and Upper Reference Levels..................7

5.4 A Water Deficit Mode Example ...............................................................8

6. Proper Measurement Technique and Method

Limitations ...............................................................9

6.1 Probe Rod Insertion................................................................................10

6.2 Soil Factors Which Can Affect the Measurement—Clay, Soil

Electrical Conductivity, Organic Matter and Rocks...........................10

6.3 Rod Length and Insertion Angle.............................................................11

6.4 Interpreting Measurement Results ..........................................................11

7. Description of HydroSense Measurement Method.11

8. Maintenance..............................................................13

8.1 Replacing Battery....................................................................................13

8.2 Rod Installation/Replacement.................................................................13

HydroSense

1. General Description

FIGURE 1-1. HydroSense display unit and probe with 12 cm rods.

1.1 Introduction

The HydroSense Soil Water Content Measurement System provides a simple

and portable means to measure soil water content. Two modes of operation

allow the display of volumetric water content in percent or relative water

content based on lower and upper reference values chosen by the user. The

relative water content is complemented by deficit values showing how much

water is required to bring water content to the upper reference value.

The combined probe and display weight is approximately 600 gm (1.3 lb).

Two alkaline AAA batteries in the handheld display provide enough power for

several thousand readings. A measurement is made by fully inserting the probe

rods into the soil and pressing a READ button and takes less than one-half

second. To save power, HydroSense automatically goes into sleep mode after

approximately two minutes of inactivity.

HydroSense

1.2 HydroSense Modes

The Water Content Measurement Mode displays the measurement result as

percent volumetric water content and shows the period of the probe output in

milliseconds.

In the Water Deficit Mode, HydroSense measurements are taken at lower and

upper water contents chosen by the user and stored in memory as reference

values. The reference values are then applied to subsequent measurements to

determine the amount of water that must be added to bring the soil to the upper

water content. The relative water content based on the reference values is also

displayed.

See sections 4 and 5 for detailed operating information.

2. Specifications

HydroSense Display Unit

Measurement % Volumetric Water Content

Resolution 1.0%

Environmental Splash resistant

Display 16 character, 2 line LCD

Keypad Two button membrane keypad

Power 2 x AAA 1.5V DC alkaline batteries

Current Consumption Sleep <50µA

Idle 1.5mA

Measurement 70mA

Battery Life Approximately 12 months

Dimensions 120 (w) x 73 (d) x 24 (h) mm

Weight 166 gm

CS620 Water Content Reflectometer

Accuracy +/- 3.0% volumetric water content with electrical

conductivity <2 dS m-1.

Range 0% to saturation*

Stabilization time Instantaneous

Response time < 50 milliseconds

Power requirement 100 milliamps at 5 ±0.03 volts

Output Square wave with +/- 2.5V DC amplitude

Dimensions Head 105 x 70 x 18 mm

Rods 120 or 200 mm length , 5 mm diameter, 32

mm spacing

HydroSense

Weight approx 400 gm

Cable Spiral cable, 200cm extended.

*saturation is typically around 50% volumetric water content

3. Unpacking and Setup

•Remove the protective strip from the display window.

•Screw the rods into the probe threaded inserts to finger tight, use pliers to

apply a small force and give a snug fit. Threads should be clean before

rods are screwed into probe. (see Section 8.2).

•Connect the probe to the display unit by mating the coiled cable connector

to the connector on the display unit.

The connector is a push-pull type and can be damaged if

twisted while connecting or disconnecting.

•The READ button is used

1) to power-up HydroSense,

2) to make a measurement,

3) and in combination with the MENU button to select options.

READ

ENTER

Press the READ button and check that HydroSense is in Water

Content Measurement Mode. The display should be similar

to the following graphic but may have different numerical

values.

VWC 0% P12cm

Period 0.77ms

•An NC after VWC indicates the probe is not properly connected.

•If it is necessary to change operating modes, the HydroSense must be in

sleep mode (no display). The unit automatically goes into sleep mode after

approximately two minutes of inactivity. To change modes, press and hold

the MENU button then press the READ button. Release both buttons.

Unless the mode is changed again, HydroSense will be in Water Content

Measurement Mode when READ is next pressed to wake the unit.

•While holding the probes so rods are in free air, press READ. The VWC

displayed should be between -3% and 3%.

CAUTION

HydroSense

VWC 0% P12cm

Period 0.77ms

SELECT

In Water Content Measurement Mode, MENU is used to select

the rod length. In the Water Deficit Mode, MENU is used to

select the site number and to store reference water content

values.

•To save power, HydroSense automatically goes into sleep mode after

approximately two minutes of inactivity. Pressing the READ button wakes

the unit and makes a measurement.

4. Water Content Measurement Mode

4.1 Introduction

The Water Content Measurement Mode displays the measurement result as

percent volumetric water content and also shows the period of the probe output

in milliseconds. The HydroSense operating system applies standard

calibrations to convert the probe response to volumetric water content. The

calibrations were derived from laboratory measurements in typical agronomic

soils. Section 6.2 discusses the soil factors which can affect probe response

such that standard calibrations do not work well.

4.2 Display Information

VWC 22% P12cm

Period 0.93ms

Volumetric

Water

Content

Probe

Rod Length

Probe

Output

Period

The two-line display provides the following information

1) The volumetric water content in percent (VWC). See Appendix A for

definition of water content.

2) Which probe rod length is selected (see Section 4.4 for rod length

selection).

3) The period of the square wave output from the probe in milliseconds.

HydroSense

4.3 Description of Water Content Measurement Mode

The Water Content Measurement Mode applies calibration coefficients to

the output of the probe to give volumetric water content in percent. The

calibration coefficients reside in the operating system and were determined by

the manufacturer. The calibration was derived from laboratory measurements

in typical agronomic soils. See Section 6.2 for discussion of HydroSense use in

high salinity, high clay or other atypical materials.

4.4 Selecting Probe Rod Length

VWC 22% P12cm

Period 0.93ms

SELECT

Probe

Exit

SELECT

Probe

12cm

SELECT

Probe

20cm

SELECT

READ

ENTER

FIGURE 4-1. Selecting probe rod length

HydroSense

4.5 Measuring Volumetric Water Content

To measure volumetric water content fully insert probe rods and press READ.

The correct rod length must be selected so the HydroSense display unit applies

the correct calibration to convert the probe output to water content.

4.6 Measurements in Special Materials

The HydroSense was principally designed for use in agricultural soils, but the

technology underlying the instrument supports many potential applications.

Soils with characteristics as described in Section 6.2 and many other porous

media can also be monitored with HydroSense using the period value presented

in the display. The period is directly related to the dielectric permittivity of the

material surrounding the probe rods and can be used as a relative value to

monitor changes in the material of interest. As water content increases so does

period. If actual water content values are needed, a calibration can be

performed using an independent measurement of the water content. A

calibration equation can then be derived using curve fitting methods to relate

the independently measured water contents to the probe output periods.

5. Water Deficit Mode

5.1 Description of Water Deficit Mode

To use the Water Deficit Mode, a lower reference level and an upper reference

level must be chosen and a HydroSense reading taken at each level and stored

in memory (see Section 5.4 for calibration). Measurements taken after

reference levels are stored will display the relative water content and the

amount of water in millimeters which must be added to bring the water content

to the same value as the upper reference level. The relative water content is a

value between 0 and 100 with 0 corresponding to the lower reference level and

100 the upper level. Upper and lower reference levels can be stored in

HydroSense for up to 5 sites.

A typical application of the Water Deficit Mode is irrigation scheduling. The

lower reference level might correspond to the lowest water content that would

be allowed for a particular crop and the upper level the point where irrigation

would be ceased.

5.2 Display Information

The two-line display provides the following information

1) The relative water content (RWC)

2) Which site reference level is selected

3) The water deficit for 12 and 20 cm profiles

Indice

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