Campbell SurfaceVue 10 Manuale utente

Revision: 10/2023

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

SurfaceVue 10

Fixed-Location, Non-Invasive Road Surface

Condition Sensor



PRODUCT MANUAL

Table of contents

1. About SurfaceVue 10 1

2. Precautions 2

3. Initial inspection 2

4. Overview 3

5. Operating principles 3

6. Technical specifications 4

7. Installation 6

7.1 Installation height and angle 6

7.2 Install sensor 7

7.3 Wiring 10

7.3.1 RS-232 10

7.3.2 RS-485 11

7.4 CRBasic programming 12

7.5 Data format 13

8. Maintenance 14

9. Calibration 16

9.1 While connected to Campbell Scientific data logger 16

9.2 While connected directly to a computer 16

10. Troubleshooting 17

11. Frequently asked questions 18

11.1 How do I calculate the distance from the sensor to the measuring area on the

road? 18

11.2 How do I calculate the installed angle? 19

11.3 Can I calibrate the sensor remotely? 19

11.4 What is the definition of ground temperature? 19

11.5 What type of structure should the SurfaceVue 10 be mounted to? 19

11.6 Does the SurfaceVue 10 need to be continuously powered? 19

Table of Contents - ii

1. About SurfaceVue 10

The SurfaceVue™10 is a non-invasive road condition sensor used by road weather professionals

to provide vital information about their road network to make better maintenance and

operational decisions. The SurfaceVue 10 sensor consists of two non-invasive road weather

sensors designed for use with your Road Weather Information System (RWIS). The CS981 is

enclosed in a white radiation shield and mounted on top of the CS991, which is in a black tube.

The CS981 measures surface temperature, air temperature, relative humidity, and air pressure.

The measured air temperature and relative humidity are used to calculate dew point. Ground

temperature and wind speed are modeled. The CS991 uses spectroscopic analysis to provide you

with surface state, grip (friction), and water and ice layer thickness data. The measured data is

communicated to a data logger over RS-232 or optionally over RS-485 using an RS485EXT

converter box.

NOTE:

Ground temperature is the temperature below the road surface at 6 cm (2.4 in) depth.

Road surface condition is determined by the presence and amount of ice or water on the road

surface. From these measurements, the built-in model determines the coefficient of friction,

which corresponds to the grip between the road surface and vehicle tires. The model is

developed by using braking deceleration measurements as a reference. Comparison tests

indicate about 0.10 units as standard deviation of the difference to the reference. Very thin layers

and mixed ice/water layers may occasionally lead to larger differences. All the data is updated

approximately every 10 seconds.

The analyzed road surface state is reported as:

1. Dry

2. Moist

3. Wet

4. Slush, ice or snow with water

5. Ice

6. Snow or hoar frost.

After power-up or reset, the SurfaceVue 10 sends a wake-up string containing the sensor name

and version information. Approximately 10 seconds after the initial message, it automatically

sends a data message when a measurement/calculation cycle is complete; typically, once every

10 seconds. A data logger with the SurfaceVue 10 program, see CRBasic programming(p. 12), is

SurfaceVue 101

used to log data every minute and can perform a dry calibration under user control, see

Calibration(p. 16).

2. Precautions

lREAD AND UNDERSTAND the Safety section at the back of this manual.

lUse caution when working near roadways and moving vehicles. Coordinate with local

traffic authorities and use appropriate traffic control measures.

lAlthough the SurfaceVue 10 is rugged, it should be handled as a precision instrument.

lDo not use RS-232 cable lengths greater than 10 m. For longer communications distances,

an RS-485 extender kit, which converts RS-232 to RS-485 should be used.

lFollow local regulations. See Compliance in Technical specifications(p. 4).

lIMPORTANT: The SurfaceVue 10 should be calibrated when the surface is dry, and it should

be re-calibrated after installation, if the distance to target is changed, or the surface type is

changed, such as road resurfacing.

lProtect from ESD (electrostatic discharge).

Table 2-1: Symbols

Symbol Description

Caution. See Install sensor(p. 7) and Safety.

3. Initial inspection

lUpon receipt of the SurfaceVue 10, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File

any damage claims with the shipping company.

lThe model number and cable length are printed on a label at the connection end of the

cable. Check this information against the shipping documents to ensure the expected

product and cable length are received.

SurfaceVue 102

4. Overview

The SurfaceVue 10 is simple to install on new and existing infrastructure. Each sensor is supplied

with a mounting bracket and two band clamps suitable for mounting the sensor to a vertical pole

with diameters between 70 and 170mm (3 and 7 in).

Features include:

lAccurate measurements

lNon-invasive

lEasy to install

lSimple to maintain

lRemote OS update via data logger

lCompatible with most data loggers and RWIS

lMonitor troublesome areas, such as bridge decks

lIdeal for multiple uses, including roads, parking lots, cycleways, and sidewalks

5. Operating principles

The SurfaceVue 10 unit is equipped with a thermopile sensor that detects the presence of thermal

radiation emitted from the target surface. Additionally, it uses optical measurements to detect

water and ice. The measuring light is not visible to the human eye. The light reflection from the

measured surface depends on the surface material and contamination on the window surface.

The measurement method is optimized for a standard stony asphalt surface. The signal levels of

the SurfaceVue 10 unit are factory calibrated for a dry surface. Water and ice on the road surface

attenuate the reflected light as compared to the calibrated values. The degree of signal

attenuation depends on the amount of ice or water. The measurement system is optimized for

thin layers, because very thin layers (50μm) of ice can significantly reduce grip. Thick layers

(≥4mm) of water may attenuate the signal too much for a reliable measurement. A continuous

layer of water on ice may also result in a false state and elevated grip value. Fortunately, this is

not a very common condition on road surfaces.

The SurfaceVue 10 is eye safe for infra-red radiation according to the standard EN 60825-1:2007.

SurfaceVue 103

SurfaceVue 10 has been comprehensively tested by third parties and copies of those reports are

available at https://www.teconer.fi/en/surface-condition-friction-measurements/ .The tests

indicate that the accuracy of the SurfaceVue 10 friction reading measured as a standard deviation

of the difference to an absolute physical friction meter is on the order of 0.10. This accuracy is

adequate for winter maintenance purposes.

6. Technical specifications

Road conditions

Surface states Dry, moist, wet, slush, snow, ice

Field of view (FOV)

Road surface conditions 2.8° (0.5 m at 10 m)

Road surface temperature 10° (1.7 m at 10 m)

Grip (friction)

Measurement range: 0 to 1.0 (unitless)

Accuracy ±0.1 (compared to braking friction reference)

Resolution: ±0.01

Water and ice layer thickness

Range: 0 to 3 mm (0 to 0.12 in)

Accuracy l±0.1 mm up to 1.0 mm (0.004 in up to 0.04 in)

l10% above 1.0 mm (0.04 in)

Resolution: ±0.01 mm

Road surface temperature

Measurement range: –40 to +60°C (–40 to +140°F)

Accuracy –40 to 60°C: ±0.3°C

Resolution: ±0.1°C

Ground temperature (modeled)

Measurement range: –40 to +60°C (–40 to +140°F)

Accuracy –40 to 60°C: ±0.5°C

Resolution: ±0.1°C

SurfaceVue 104

Dew point temperature (calculated)

Measurement range: –40 to +60°C (–40 to +140°F)

Accuracy –40 to 60°C: ±1.0°C

Resolution: ±0.1°C

Air temperature

Measurement range: –40 to +60°C (–40 to +140°F)

Accuracy: ±0.3°C

Resolution: ±0.1°C

Relative humidity

Measurement range: 0 to 100%

Accuracy: ±2%

Resolution: ±0.1%

Barometric pressure

Measurement range: 500 to 1100 hPa

Accuracy ±1.0 hPa

Resolution: ±0.1 hPa

Wind speed (modeled)

Measurement range: 0 to 60 m/s (0 to 134 mph)

Accuracy ±10%

Resolution: ±1 m/s

General specifications

Measurement range 3 to 10 m (9.8 to 32.8 ft)

Installation angle 30 to 80°

Operating temperature range: –40 to 60°C (–40 to 140°F)

Operating humidity range 0 to 100%

Power consumption @ 12 VDC <100 mA (typical)

Supply voltage range 9 to 30 VDC

Digital output RS-232, RS-485 (with RS485EXT)

Warm-up time 1 min

SurfaceVue 105

Cable type Five conductor

Cable length 10 m (32.8 ft)

Dimensions, excluding band clamp

(length x height x depth):

76.2 x 27.9 x 17.8 cm (30 x 11 x 7 in)

Weight: 4.9 kg (10.8 lb)

Compliance: View documents at:

www.campbellsci.com/surfacevue10

7. Installation

The SurfaceVue 10 is designed to measure asphalt or concrete road or runway surfaces. It is

typically installed permanently to a large pole or lattice tower and aimed at the measuring

surface. There are multiple sensors to consider when choosing a location and installing the

sensor.

Installation considerations:

lDistance from sensor to measuring area of road is within 3 to 10 meters (10 to 33 ft). The

preferred distance is 3 to 7 meters (10 to 23 ft). See How do I calculate the distance from the

sensor to the measuring area on the road?(p. 18).

lMounting angle is within 30 to 80°. The preferred angle is 45 to 80°. See How do I calculate

the installed angle?(p. 19).

lAvoid solar reflections into the sensor detector hood. It is recommended to mount the

sensor facing north in the northern hemisphere.

lAvoid existing or potential obstructions between the sensor and roadway, such as

snowbank buildup blocking the sensor signal.

lAvoid cracks or painted lines in the pavement within the sensor field of view.

lSelect a site away from intersections and where there is not regularly stopped traffic

7.1 Installation height and angle

Installation height and angle affect the surface measurement area. Use an online field of view

tool https://docs.wintersense.com/field-of-view/ to see how these factors affect the field of

view, and consequently the section of road surface being measured.

SurfaceVue 106

The recommended installation height for a SurfaceVue 10 smart sensor is 3 to 5meters (10 to 16

feet). Sensors can be installed higher if required. However, the higher the sensor is installed, the

larger the surface measurement area will be. This increases the risk of sensing the temperature of

unwanted objects. In addition, a large measuring distance may result in reduced accuracy under

certain atmospheric conditions. See How do I calculate the distance from the sensor to the

measuring area on the road?(p. 18) for more information.

The following table and figure show typical installation parameters and resulting target

dimensions.

Installation parameter Surface

temperature

Surface

condition

Angle (α) 45° 

Sensor setback (B) 3 m (10 ft) 

Sensor height (H) 3 m (10 ft) 

Field of view (FOV) 10° 2.8°

Calculated target dimensions: 

Distance to target(D) 4.3 m (14 ft) 

Target coverage area

(A)

0.64 m2 (6.9

ft2)

0.05 m2 (0.5

ft2)

Major (long) diameter

(L) 1.1 m (3.5 ft) 0.3 m (1.0 ft)

Minor (short) diameter

(S) 0.8 m (6.9 ft) 0.2 m (0.7 ft)

7.2 Install sensor

The SurfaceVue 10 installation kit includes brackets, metal bands, and mounting hardware

needed to secure it to a pole. The metal bands are routed over the brackets, and then around a

vertical pole. They are anchored in place using screw clamps.

Recommended equipment and supplies:

l7 mm (9/32 in) hex tool or slotted screwdriver (not supplied) for adjusting band clamp

l13 mm (1/2 in) spanner, wrench, or socket to allow sensor angle adjustment

lClean lint-free cloths

lLaser pointer (optional accessory)

SurfaceVue 107

Attach the bracket to a vertical post as follows:

1. Feed a metal band around the bracket top and bottom. Insert the tab on the end of the

screw threads into the hole at one end of the strap. Tighten enough so the bands stay in

place but can be moved vertically.

2. Position the bracket at the SurfaceVue 10 desired height and facing the road surface.

Bracket installation

3. Pull the strap tight around the pole and bracket.

4. Use metal shears to remove any excess strap, leaving a small amount for adjustments.

5. Using a flathead screwdriver or nut driver, tighten the screw clamp.

6. Attach the SurfaceVue 10 to the bracket using two bolts. Finger tighten the nuts.

7. Route the sensor cable from the sensor, down the pole and to the enclosure. Use cable ties

to secure in place.

8. Select the angle of the sensor support arm so that the sensors point to a desired spot of

measurement on the road. Turn on the laser pointer. Gently slide the laser pointer into the

surface-temperature sensor tube. Adjust the sensor angle to point it at the road surface to

be measured.

SurfaceVue 108

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