Chandler Limited RS660 Manuale utente

Abbey Road Studios, EMI, RS and their associated logos are trademarks of EMI (IP) Limited.

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TIME CONSTANT

OUTPUTINPUT

POWER

TYPE RS660

THD

COMP

LIMIT

LINK

COMPRESSION

CHANDLER LIMITED®

RS660 COMPRESSOR

USER MANUAL

OFFICIAL

EQUIPMENT

UM RS660-101022

2RS660-101022

RS660 COMPRESSOR

INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------- 3

RS660 Compressor ---------------------------------------------- 3

History ------------------------------------------------------ 3

SHIPMENT AND STORAGE ----------------------------------------- 4

Packaging ----------------------------------------------------- 4

INSTALLATION -------------------------------------------------- 5

Rack Mounting ------------------------------------------------- 5

Power ------------------------------------------------------- 5

Audio Interconnections ------------------------------------------- 6

Link -------------------------------------------------------- 6

Output Impedance----------------------------------------------- 7

CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS ------------------------------------ 7

BAL. -------------------------------------------------------- 7

Input -------------------------------------------------------- 8

Output ------------------------------------------------------ 9

Link -------------------------------------------------------- 9

Compressor Modes ---------------------------------------------- 9

Time Constant ------------------------------------------------- 10

Metering ----------------------------------------------------- 10

MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS ------------------------------------ 11

Valves ------------------------------------------------------- 11

Pilot Lamp ---------------------------------------------------- 11

Circuit Protection ----------------------------------------------- 12

TECHNICAL SPECIFICAITONS -------------------------------------- 12

SERVICE -------------------------------------------------------- 13

United States -------------------------------------------------- 13

International -------------------------------------------------- 13

CE CERTIFICATION----------------------------------------------- 13

3RS660-101022

INTRODUCTION

RS660 Compressor

Thank you for purchasing the Chandler Limited RS660 Com-

pressor, you now own a piece of EMI/Abbey Road Studios

ocial equipment.

Rather than a reproduction of existing equipment, the RS660

Compressor stands apart and represents a path forward in

the recording engineering development department. Capa-

ble of taming an array of dynamic sources, the new RS660

Compressor and limiter is at home alongside the historic

units from which it was hewn and adds to the modern engi-

neer’s cache of analog signal processors.

Where form follows function, the feature set is straight for-

ward, easily identiable and neatly arranged. However, upon

initial listen, the tone and character of the RS660 is remark-

able; the engineer will nd it eortless to quickly realize a

sound and desired result.

Your Chandler Limited RS660 Compressor has been care-

fully crafted and built by hand at Chandler Limited’s factory

in Shell Rock IA, U.S.A., using through-hole components for,

the ultimate analog experience.

At Chandler Limited we are proud of our American made

products and we hope you like them!

Please feel free to call our shop anytime for help or ques-

tions.

Phone: (319) 885-4200.

History

The Fairchild 660 mono valve (vacuum tube) compressor ar-

rived at EMI’s Abbey Road Studios in 1964.

The Fairchild 660 found favor with Abbey Road’s engineers

for vocals and drums and became a staple for The Beatles’

records.

The Fairchild 660 — which has a dierent vibe than the ste-

reo 670 — is highly desired for its unique tonal quality and

reactivity.

The sound of the Fairchild 660 gave vocals a presence to the

sound and its eect on Ringo’s drums made cymbals sound

backwards. It was used for a sound and it made a statement.

First designed in 1960 by Abbey Road Technical sta, the EMI

RS124 compressor is one of the most coveted pieces of re-

cording gear ever developed.

During the late 1950’s, EMI acquired Altec 436B compres-

sors, and soon realized the units were insucient for criti-

cal recording applications. Livey, Page and Batchelor worked

to modify the Altecs to meet their standards and ultimately

ended up designing an entirely new compressor in the pro-

cess, the EMI RS124.

The RS124 was popular with Abbey Road Studios’ engineers.

The RS124 added its unique character to single instruments,

rhythm busses and entire mixes. So integral to the recording,

mixing, and mastering process, a pair can be seen in almost

every control room photo in Abbey Road during the 60s pe-

riod.

OFFICIAL

EQUIPMENT

4RS660-101022

SHIPMENT AND STORAGE

Packaging

This packaging has been designed specically for Chandler Limited equipment. The cardboard carton and rigid foam sur-

rounds provide protection for shipment and storage. Please retain the container and associated materials for future use.

*Note: PSU rigid foam surrounds and sheets are not included for equipment shipped without a power supply unit inside the

equipment container.

CARDBOARD

CARTON

FACEPLATE

CUTOUT

EQUIPMENT

RIGID FOAM

SURROUND

5RS660-101022

OUTPUT INPUT

AINS VOLTAGE

110-120V

220-240V

LINK

TIP- CV

SLEEVE- 0v

IL

...



FUSE .25 AP

SLO BLO

OUTPUT IPEDANCE

200

600

FUSE

Chandler Limited

RS660

000001

INSTALLATION

Rack Mounting

The RS660 Compressor contained in a two space, 19 inch

rack-mountable chassis.

Heat in any studio environment is the enemy. For longevity

and reliable service, install and maintain in a well-ventilated

rack.

Power

The Chandler Limited RS660 Compressor features an inter-

nal power supply. Connection is made at the IEC receptacle

using the supplied IEC power cable. Power is preset internally

to operate at either 120V or 220V.

Protection of the circuit has been accounted for by way of a

.25 Amp (250mA) 250V SLO-BLO fuse, which is accessible by

means of a bayonet style fuse assembly.

TIME CONSTANT

POWER

TYPE RS660

OUTPUT

MAINS VOLTAGE

110-120V

220-240V

M I L

...

FUSE .25 AMP

SLO BLO

FUSE

Cycling power to the RS660 is achieved by switching the

ON/OFF power switch (located far right of the front panel)

for the desired condition. When the RS660 is powered on,

the pilot lamp — located on the front — panel will illuminate.

Note: All interconnections should be made prior to power-

ing on the unit.

Note: A ten-minute warm-up period should be observed

prior to passing signal through the unit.

6RS660-101022

Link

Provision has been made for stereo linking of two RS660

Compressors, by means of the female ¼” LINK connector

located on the rear of the unit, and using a standard ¼” ca-

ble. For further notes on operation under linked conditions,

review the “Link” section within the “Controls and Instru-

ments” chapter of this manual.

Note: Link cable purchased separately.

Audio Interconnections

On the rear panel of the RS660 Compressor exists two XLR

jacks (wired pin 2 hot), one for INPUT, and the other for

OUTPUT. Both input and output connections are +4, trans-

former balanced.

Note: Input impedance is 15k ohms.

LINK -USE STANDARD 1/4” TIP - SLEEVE CABLE CV

OUTPUT

LINK

TIP- CV

SLEEVE- 0v

OUTPUT IMPEDANCE

200

600

INPUT

OUTPUT IMPEDANCE

200

600

Chandler Limited

RS660

000001

OUTPUT

MAINS VOLTAGE

110-120V

220-240V

LINK

TIP- CV

SLEEVE- 0v

M I L

...

7RS660-101022

Output Impedance

OUTPUT IMPEDANCE is 600/200 ohms switchable. The 600

ohms setting may be more amenable to the modern studio

environment. The 200 ohms impedance setting was Abbey

Road Studios’ historic standard. Both settings oer tonal and

gain dierences.

CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS

BAL.

The BAL. control set is a circuit re-balancing utility, and is lo-

cated at the far left of the front panel.

In any push/pull amplier, one side pushes waveform, while

the other side pulls it in an equal fashion. Over time, the

push/pull balance may become irregular, and as a result, un-

wanted artifacts will occur in the audio. This is common to

most vacuum tube compressors, including the RS660.

When the push/pull circuit becomes unbalanced, it may

exhibit subtle rumbling or distortion and modulation of the

source signal; this is more noticeable at quiet sections of mu-

sic, and low frequencies.

If the RS660 is suspected of having become unbalanced, sim-

ply press inwards and hold the momentary “plunger” switch.

This action will induce a ticking sound heard in the monitors.

Use a small athead screw driver and slowly adjust the trim

pot (located above the [BAL.] label) until the ticking sound

virtually disappears in the monitors. Once the ticking sound

is at its minimum audible level, rebalancing of the compres-

sion tube has been achieved; the ticking sound will never be

completely inaudible, only reduced.

COMPRESSION

Historical note: The RS660 BAL. feature is inherited from

the historic EMI / Abbey Road Studios RS124 Compressor.

Early versions of the RS124 did not have front panel BAL.

functionality. As a result, when the circuit became unbal-

anced, the compressor would have to be pulled during the

session and rebalanced by Abbey Road technical sta. This

scenario was cumbersome and the resultant session inter-

ruption was not ideal.

Abbey Road engineer Len Page had a proverbial ‘Light-Bulb’

moment when coming up with an ingenious modication.

When the momentary switch was engaged, a ticking sound

was sent to both ampliers, with one being phase reversed. If

the circuit in a balanced state, the ticking would be canceled

out. Otherwise, the engineer would adjust the trim pot until

the audible ticking was virtually removed. This allowed for

convenient in-session rebalancing of the compressor by the

recording engineer in a matter of seconds.

INPUT

LINK

TIP- CV

SLEEVE- 0v

OUTPUT IMPEDANCE

200

600

8RS660-101022

Input

The INPUT control is variable, and allows adjustment of in-

coming signals applied at the XLR input connector on the

rear of the compressor. The INPUT control is labeled —

from left to right — 0 to10.

The RS660 is a variable-mu type compression circuit. Clock-

wise adjustment of the INPUT control simultaneously raises

incoming signal level, while lowering the compressor’s thresh-

old and increasing the amount of compression applied to the

source material.

Counterclockwise rotation of the INPUT control simultane-

ously reduces incoming input level, while raising the thresh-

old and lowering the amount of compression applied to the

source material.

Tip: To obtain lower input levels and thus less compression

and higher resultant output, run the RS660 Compressor as a

send in a parallel compression scheme.

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COMPRESSION

Output

The OUTPUT control is a variable attenuator, use this control

to lower the overall output level of the RS660. Rotation in

a counterclockwise motion from right to left, beginning at 0

and continuing to -10 will attenuate the output signal of the

RS660 to the desired level.

Note: For an additional fee, switched I/O controls can be

pre-ordered at time of purchase from an authorized Chan-

dler Limited dealer.

9RS660-101022

Link

The RS660 Compressor may be used in stereo conguration

by means of the LINK facility, when coupled to another unit.

For stereo operation, two RS660 Compressors must be con-

nected using a standard ¼” cable by means of the ¼” LINK

connectors at the rear of the units.

When proper connection has been made, linking may be ac-

tivated when both RS660’s LINK switches have been set to

the forward position or towards [LINK]. If either or both

units LINK switches are positioned downward, the stereo

link will have been broken or bypassed.

Under linked conditions, each compressor’s control set will

be managed independently.

The linked units are controlled by whichever of the two con-

trol voltages is instantaneously the greater.

Note: When linked, both units should be set for the same

compressor mode; reference the Compressor Modes sec-

tion of this manual for more information.

Note: The LINK connector is wired: Tip – CV, Sleeve – 0v.

Note: When using the RS660 independently of a second unit

or in mono, be sure to position the LINK switch downward,

as to not cause undesired inuence of one another.

Compressor Modes

The RS660 Compressor features three operational modes—

THD, LIMIT and COMP, and are accessible by means of a

three-position selector switch.

THD

THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) mode is inuenced by the

THD circuits deployed on the Chandler Limited TG1 and

TG12413 Zener Limiters.

When the compressor mode selector switch is set for THD,

the RS660 is able to produce overdrive and distortions, in-

cluding heavy to light harmonic distortion, for signal color-

ation sans compression or limiting.

Limit

LIMIT is the limiter mode of the RS660.

LIMIT mode is purposedly fast, colored and lively, and adds

excitement to any source. LIMIT is ush with vintage tones

and is comparatively more colored than COMP.

Comp

COMP is the compression mode of the RS660.

Functionally, COMP mode simultaneously changes several

characteristics of gain reduction including— threshold, knee

or curve, and gain structure.

In COMP mode, the threshold is higher and compression on-

set is lower, while the knee has a more smooth and less ag-

gressive onset. The gain structure is also lower, thus pushing

the compressor less. The result is a more controlled sound,

while maintaining a vintage tone that is less aggressive.

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10RS660-101022

Meter Adjustment

Vacuum tube compressors and limiters require warm-up

time for proper adjustment and optimal performance. The

suggested warm-up time prior to any adjustments or use is

ten minutes.

Once the RS660 Compressor has completed the warm-up

cycle, the engineer may make ne adjustment of the gain re-

duction meter’s needle. By means of the Zero Adjust (ZA)

screw located on the meter face, and using a small athead

screwdriver, the recording engineer may place the needle for

— or near — [0] on the indication range.

Warning: The ZA screw adjustment range is nite or narrow

in scope. Over adjustment of the ZA screw may damage the

gain reduction meter.

Note: The majority of vintage tube compressors and limit-

ers are unregulated circuits and are subject to environmental

power conditions. Therefore, it isn’t uncommon for a gain

reduction meter needle to sit higher than zero in some re-

cording studios and fall beyond the range of the meter’s ZA

utility.

Reading the meter

The gain reduction meter allows the engineer to observe the

amount of compression imparted on the original source ma-

terial. The the indication range is labeled in decibels (dB) —

right to left — from 0 to 30.

The gain reduction meter needle deects to the left and

serves to guide the recording engineer to a value. Higher val-

ues on the gain reduction meter indication range represent

more compression.

The rate of movement of the gain reduction meter needle —

although much slower than the speed of electrons — roughly

indicates compressor/limiter reactivity to the source signal.

Time Constant

The TIME CONSTANT switch is used to set the reactivity or

response time of the RS660 Compressor, and features seven

positions.

The seven TIME CONSTANT positions are labeled [1-7],

with position one being fastest and seven slowest.

Positions 1-3 are fast and meant to replicate the faster — and

most liked — settings of the Fairchild 660. These rst three

settings produce a colored and vintage tone.

Position four is moderate, a bridge between the faster and

slower settings; this setting is excellent for less colored vocals

and guitars.

Positions 5-7 are purposedly quite slow and inuenced by

the gentle, uncolored and low artifact compression of many

vintage valve compressors, including the EMI RS124.

Tip: The slower settings are able to yield large amounts of

compression with little observable artifacts of compression.

By contrast, the faster settings are the polar opposite and ca-

pable of being more audibly colored and vintage in character.

Metering

Provision has been made for monitoring of the processed

signal by means of an analog gain reduction meter.

TIME CONSTANT

POWER

THD

COMP

LIMIT

LINK

INPUT

COMPRESSION

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