Cisco SPA901-UK - Small Business Pro Manuale utente

Cisco Small Business

Voice System, Voice Gateways, and IP Telephones

PROVISIONING

GUIDE

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide i

Contents

About This Document iv

Purpose iv

Document Audience v

Organization v

Document Conventions vi

Chapter 1: Provisioning Cisco Small Business VoIP Devices 7

Small Business and Residential Deployment Provisioning 7

Remote Endpoint Control and NAT 8

Communication Encryption 8

Provisioning Overview 9

Remote Firmware Upgrade 9

Initial Provisioning 10

Deploying RC Units 10

Redundant Provisioning Servers 11

Retail Provisioning 11

Automatic In-House Preprovisioning 12

Configuration Access Control 13

Configuration Profiles 13

Provisioning States 15

Using HTTPS 16

How HTTPS Works 17

Server Certificate 17

Client Certificates 18

Certificate Structure 18

Provisioning Setup 20

Software Tools 20

Server Configuration 21

HTTPS 23

Syslog Server 25

Where to Go From Here 26

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide ii

Contents

Chapter 2: Creating Provisioning Scripts 27

Configuration Profile and the SIP Profile Compiler 28

Open Format Configuration File 28

Element Tags, Attributes, Parameters, and Formatting 29

Configuration File Compression 33

File Encryption 34

Encrypting a File with the SPC 35

Generic 35

Targeted 36

Explicit Key 36

Status Messages 37

Sample Configuration File 37

Proprietary Plain-Text Configuration File 37

Source Text Syntax 38

Comments 40

Macro Expansion 40

Conditional Expressions 41

Assignment Expressions 43

URL Syntax 44

Optional Resync Arguments 45

Using Provisioning Parameters 47

General Purpose Parameters 48

Enables 48

Triggers 49

Configurable Schedules 50

Profile Rules 51

Report Rule 53

Upgrade Rule 55

Data Types 56

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide iii

Contents

Chapter 3: Provisioning Tutorial 61

Preparation 61

Basic Resync 62

TFTP Resync 63

Logging with syslog 64

Automatic Resync 65

Unique Profiles and Macro Expansion 67

URL Resolution 68

HTTP GET Resync 69

Secure Resync 70

Basic HTTPS Resync 70

HTTPS With Client Certificate Authentication 72

HTTPS Client Filtering and Dynamic Content 73

Profile Formats 75

Profile Compression 75

Profile Encryption 76

Partitioned Profiles 77

Parameter Name Aliases 78

Proprietary Profile Format 79

Chapter 4: Provisioning Field Reference 81

Configuration Profile Parameters 82

Firmware Upgrade Parameters 87

General Purpose Parameters 88

Macro Expansion Variables 89

Internal Error Codes 92

Appendix A: Example Configuration Profile 93

Appendix B: Acronyms 107

Appendix C: Where to Go From Here 111

Preface

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide iv

About This Document

This guide describes the provisioning of Cisco Small Business Voice over IP (VoIP)

products. It contains the following sections:

•Purpose, page iv

•Document Audience, page v

•Organization, page v

•Document Conventions, page vi

Purpose

The following Cisco Small Business VoIP products can be remotely provisioned or

preprovisioned by using the information in this document:

•SPA9000—IP PBX with Auto-Attendant; can be used with the SPA400,

which provides a SIP-PSTN gateway

•Cisco Small Business Analog Telephone Adapters (ATAs):

-PAP2T—Voice adapter with two FXS ports

-SPA2102—Voice adapter with router

-SPA3102—Voice adapter with router and PSTN connectivity

-SPA8000—Voice adapter supporting up to eight FXS connections

-WRP400—Wireless-G ADSL gateway with two FXS ports

•Cisco Small Business IP phones:

-SPA901—One line, small, affordable, no display

-SPA921—One-line business phone

-SPA922—One-line business phone with Power over Ethernet (PoE)

support and an extra 10/100 Ethernet port for connecting another

device to the LAN

Preface

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide v

-SPA941—Four-line business phone.

-SPA942—Four-line business phone. Power over Ethernet (PoE) support

and an extra 10/100 Ethernet port for connecting another device to the

LAN

-SPA962—Six lines, hi-resolution color display. Power over Ethernet

(PoE) support and an extra 10/100 Ethernet port for connecting another

device to the LAN

-SPA525G--Five lines, hi-resolution color display. Power over Ethernet

(PoE), 10/100 switch, BlueTooth, WiFi 802.11g, USB port, MP3 player.

-WIP310—One line, hi-resolution color display. WiFi 802.11g

Document Audience

This document is written for service providers who offer services using Cisco

Small Business VoIP products and specifically for administrative staff responsible

for remote provisioning and preprovisioning Cisco Small Business devices.

Organization

This document is divided into the following chapters and appendices.

Chapter Contents

Chapter 1, “Provisioning

Cisco Small Business

VoIP Devices”

Introduces Cisco Small Business VoIP products.

Chapter 2, “Creating

Provisioning Scripts”

Describes how to work with Cisco Small Business

provisioning scripts and configuration profiles.

Chapter 3, “Provisioning

Tutorial”

Step-by-step procedures for using the scripting

language to create a configuration profile.

Chapter 4, “Provisioning

Field Reference”

A systematic reference for each parameter on the

Provisioning tab of the administration web server.

Appendix A, “Example

Configuration Profile”

A sample profile that you might find helpful.

Preface

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide vi

Document Conventions

The following typographic conventions are used in this document.

Appendix B, “Acronyms” The expansions for the acronyms used in this

document.

Appendix C, “Where to

Go From Here”

Links to resources for information and support.

Chapter Contents

Typographic

Element

Meaning

Boldface An option on a menu or a literal value to be entered in a

field.

<parameter> Angle brackets (<>) identify parameters that appear on

the configuration pages of the administration web server.

Italic A variable that should be replaced with a literal value.

Monospaced

Font

A code sample or system output.

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide 7

Provisioning Cisco Small Business VoIP

Devices

This chapter describes the features and functionality available when provisioning

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony devices and explains the setup required. It

includes the following sections:

•Small Business and Residential Deployment Provisioning, page 10

•Provisioning Overview, page 12

•Configuration Access Control, page 16

•Using HTTPS, page 19

•Provisioning Setup, page 23

•Where to Go From Here, page 29

Small Business and Residential Deployment Provisioning

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony devices are intended for high-volume

deployments by VoIP service providers to residential and small business

customers. Typically, these devices are widely distributed across the Internet,

connected through routers and firewalls at the customer premises. Further, IP

Telephony devices can serve as terminal nodes in business or enterprise

environments, where the units can be operated in a LAN environment.

The IP Telephony device can be used as a remote extension of the service

provider back-end equipment. Remote management and configuration ensures

the proper operation of the IP Telephony device at the customer premises.

Device configuration varies according to the individual customer and with the

same customer over a period of time. Also, the configuration might be modified to

provision new features, support modifications in the service provider network, or

deliver firmware upgrades to the endpoint.

Provisioning Cisco Small Business VoIP Devices

Small Business and Residential Deployment Provisioning

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide 8

This customized, ongoing configuration is supported by the following features:

•Reliable remote control of the endpoint

•Encryption of the communication controlling the endpoint

•Streamlined endpoint account binding

Remote Endpoint Control and NAT

A service provider can remotely modify the configuration parameters in an IP

Telephony device after the unit has been deployed to the customer premises and

upgrade the firmware.

The IP Telephony device accesses the Internet through a router by using network

address translation (NAT). For enhanced security, the router might attempt to block

unauthorized incoming packets by implementing symmetric NAT (a packet filtering

strategy that severely restricts the packets that are allowed to enter the protected

network from the Internet).

Communication Encryption

The configuration parameters communicated to the IP Telephony device can

contain authorization codes or other information that protect the system from

unauthorized access. It is in the service provider’s interest to prevent unauthorized

activity by the customer, and it is in the customer’s interest to prevent the

unauthorized use of the account. The service provider can encrypt the

configuration profile communication between the provisioning server and the IP

Telephony device, in addition to restricting access to the administration web

server.

Provisioning Cisco Small Business VoIP Devices

Provisioning Overview

Cisco Small Business IP Telephony Devices Provisioning Guide 9

Provisioning Overview

Cisco Small Business provisioning solutions are designed for high-volume

residential deployment, where each IP Telephony Device typically resides in a

separate LAN environment that is connected to the Internet through a NAT device.

Configuration profiles can be generated by using common, open source tools that

facilitate integration into service provider provisioning systems. Cisco Small

Business IP Telephony devices support secure remote provisioning and firmware

upgrades. User intervention is not required to initiate or complete a profile update

or firmware upgrade. Supported transport protocols include TFTP, HTTP, and

HTTPS with a client certificate.

An IP Telephony device can be configured to resynchronize its internal

configuration state to a remote profile periodically and on power up. A 256-bit

symmetric key encryption of profiles is supported. In addition, an unprovisioned IP

Telephony device can receive an encrypted profile specifically targeted for that

device without requiring an explicit key. Secure first-time provisioning is provided

through a mechanism that uses SSL functionality.

NOTE Remote customization (RC) units are customized by Cisco so that when the unit is

started, it contacts the Cisco provisioning server to download its customized

profile.

Remote Firmware Upgrade

A remote firmware upgrade is achieved by using TFTP or HTTP, but not by using

HTTPS because the firmware does not contain sensitive information. The upgrade

logic is capable of automating multi-stage upgrades, if intermediate upgrades are

required to reach a current upgrade state from an older release. A profile resync is

only attempted when the IP Telephony device is idle, because the upgrade might

trigger a software reboot.

General purpose parameters are provided to help service providers manage the

provisioning process. Each IP Telephony device can be configured to periodically

contact a normal provisioning server (NPS). Communication with the NPS does not

require the use of a secure protocol because the updated profile is encrypted by

a shared secret key. The NPS can be a standard TFTP, HTTP, or HTTPS server.

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