Datacom DM-SV01 Manuale utente

DM-SV01 Server

BMC User Manual

Revision 2.1 –Last updated Nov 2022

DATACOM

DM-SV01 Server ● BMC User Manual ● Rev. 2.1

The information and specifications provided in this manual are subject to change without notice and are

not recognized as any kind of contract. Datacom specifically disclaims any warranties, expressed or

implied, of merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose and noninfringement, including those

arising from a course of usage, dealing or trade practice.

Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, Datacom does not

assume any liability for any errors or omissions aswell as no obligationis assumed for damage resulting

from the use of the information contained in this manual.

In no event will Datacom or its suppliers be liable for any direct, indirect, special, speculative,

consequential or incidental, including, without limitation, lost profits or loss or damage to data or

hardware arising out of the use or inability to use this product or this manual, even in case Datacom or

its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, Datacom shall not

have liability for the costs of replacing, repairing or recovering software, data or hardware related to the

product or its use.

 
 
DM-SV01 Server  ●  BMC User Manual ●  Rev. 2.1 
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Table of Contents 
 
Introduction 6 
1 DM-SV01 BMC FW 6 
2 Getting started 7 
3 Best practices for improving the BMC security 8 
4 Redfish 8 
BMC Web GUI 10 
1 Overview Menu 10 
2 Health Menu 11 
2.1 Event log 11 
2.1.1 Event Logs through Server health button 13 
2.1.2 Remote logging server 14 
2.2 Hardware status 15 
2.3 Sensors 18 
2.3.1 Power consumption sensors 21 
2.3.1.1 Power sensors Reset 21 
3 Control Menu 22 
3.1 Server power operations 22 
3.1.1 Operations 22 
3.1.2 Host OS boot settings - Boot override 24 
3.2 Server LED 25 
3.3 Reboot BMC 26 
3.4 Serial over LAN console 27 
3.5 KVM 27 
3.6 Virtual Media 29 
4 Configuration Menu 30 
4.1 Network settings 30 
4.1.1 Common Settings 30 
4.1.2 IPV4 Settings 31 
4.1.3 DNS Settings 33 
4.2 Firmware 33 
4.2.1 Current FW versions 33 
4.2.2 FW update process - BMC or BIOS 34 
4.2.2.1 FW image upload 34 
4.2.2.2 FW activation 36 
4.2.3 Factory Reset - BIOS and BMC 38 
4.3 Date and time settings 39 
5 Access Menu 41 
5.1 LDAP 41 
5.1.1 Enabling and configuring the LDAP 41 
5.1.2 Role Groups Management 42 

 
 
DM-SV01 Server  ●  BMC User Manual ●  Rev. 2.1 
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5.1.3 Instructions for implementing the LDAP server 43 
5.2 Local users 44 
5.2.1 Account policy settings 44 
5.2.2 Managing users 47 
5.3 SSL certificates 50 
5.3.1 Adding or replacing a certificate 50 
5.3.2 CSR Generation 52 
Redfish API 56 
1 HTTP Methods 56 
2 HTTP responses 56 
2.1 Informational Status Codes 57 
2.2 Successful Status Codes 57 
2.3 Redirection Status Codes 57 
2.4 Client Error Status Codes 58 
2.5 Server Error Status Codes 59 
3 Using Redfish with RESTful APIs 59 
3.1 Session Login 61 
3.2 Using the X-Auth-Token 62 
3.3 Session Logout 63 
3.4 System Inventory 64 
3.4.1 Mainboard Inventory 64 
3.4.2 Processors Inventory 67 
3.4.3 Detailed inventory about a specific processor 68 
3.4.4 Memory modules inventory 70 
3.4.5 Detailed inventory information about specific memory module 73 
3.4.6 Storage inventory 74 
3.4.7 Detailed inventory about a specific storage device 76 
3.5 Sensors 78 
3.5.1 Power Sensors 78 
3.5.2 Temperature Sensors 82 
3.5.3 Power Consumption sensors 84 
3.5.3.1 Current Consumption 84 
3.5.3.2 Power Consumption 86 
3.5.3.3 Peak Power 88 
3.5.4 Peak Power sensor reset 90 
3.5.5 Energy sensor reset 92 
3.6 Indicator LED 93 
3.6.1 Turn on Indicator LED 93 
3.6.2 Turn off Indicator LED 94 
3.7 Host Power Actions 95 
3.7.1 Power On Host 95 
3.7.2 Power Off Host 96 
3.7.3 Restart Host 98 

 
 
DM-SV01 Server  ●  BMC User Manual ●  Rev. 2.1 
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3.7.4 Force Power Off Host 99 
3.7.5 Force Restart Host 100 
3.8 Network Settings 102 
3.9 Boot Override Options 103 
3.9.1 Force PXE Boot Override 103 
3.9.2 Force CD-ROM/Virtual Media Boot Override 104 
3.9.3 Force BIOS Setup Boot Override 105 
3.9.4 Force USB Boot Override 106 
3.9.5 Force HDD Boot Override 107 
3.9.6 Disable Boot Override 108 
3.10 LDAP Configuration 109 
3.10.1 Open LDAP 109 
3.10.2 Active Directory 111 
3.10.3 Role Groups 113 
3.11 Users Management 115 
3.11.1 Change root password 115 
3.11.2 Add BMC User 116 
3.11.3 Change BMC User Role 118 
3.11.4 Change BMC User Password 119 
3.11.5 Delete BMC User 120 
3.12 FW Update 121 
3.12.1 Update BMC Firmware 122 
3.12.2 Update BIOS Firmware 123 
3.13 Logging 124 
3.13.1 View Log Entries 124 
3.13.2 Delete Log Entries 127 
3.14 BMC Reset 128 
3.14.1 Reboot BMC 129 
3.14.2 Reset BMC to Factory Defaults 130 
References 132 
Annex A - Frequently Asked Questions 133 
 
 
 

DM-SV01 Server ● BMC User Manual ● Rev. 2.1

1 Introduction

The BMC (Baseboard Management Controller) is a specialized microprocessor present in the DM-SV01

motherboard and responsible for a set of monitoring and management functions of the host system.

The BMC concept is widely employed in the datacenter industry and this solution is present in a wide

range of products, such as servers, storage systems, switches, etc. The main advantage of having a

BMC in the product is that it allows the system management staff to remotely monitor and control

several functions of the system, without the need of being physically present in the datacenter facilities.

Some of the main functions provided by the BMC are the following:

●Inventory data management for several system components (such as CPUs, memories, NICs,

etc).

●Monitoring the system temperatures and controlling the cooling system (FANs) in order to

provide a secure and efficient thermal behavior by means of a dedicated PID controller.

●Monitoring the server temperatures and power consumption for generating alarms whenever a

critical threshold is exceeded.

●Control system power operations, such as CPUs reset and power on/off.

●Remote BIOS/UEFI and BMC FW update.

●KVM for remotely accessing the video output of the host processors, as well as to virtually

interact with the server using the mouse and keyboard from your remote workstation.

●Virtual media, which allows the user to load an ISO file for OS installation or maintenance

purposes.

●Serial over LAN (SoL), which allows the user to access the output console of the host system

by means of the BMC web GUI.

●LDAP, which allows the authentication of users by means of an external LDAP server.

The BMC operation is independent of the host CPUs. This means that the BMC can be reset or have

its FW upgraded without affecting the host CPUs processing functions. Also the CPUs can be reset and

turned on/off without affecting the BMC management and monitoring functionalities.

In the DM-SV01, the BMC can be accessed and controlled by a dedicated Ethernet port present in the

front panel of the system (out of band management) or by means of the Ethernet port from the

mezzanine NIC card, sharing the traffic with the host CPUs (in band management). Details of the

network connections for the BMC can be found in the section “2.4.1 Network settings”.

When remotely accessing the BMC, the server administrator has almost full control over the server

without the need of being physically present in the datacenter premises. As an example, the user may

load an ISO file for OS installation by means of the virtual media, turn the host processors on through

the BMC and then use the KVM to interact with the BIOS/UEFI and the OS installer.

All these functions can be accessedremotely andare available in the BMC web management Graphical

User Interface (GUI). Once the user has network connectivity to the BMC, the BMC web GUI can be

accessed bymeans of the network browser from the remote workstation.Detailed information regarding

the web GUI and all the functions available can be found in the section “2 BMC Web GUI”.

1.1 DM-SV01 BMC FW

The BMC FW for the DM-SV01 has been developed using the OpenBMC distribution as a starting point

to implement the features and functionalities required to properly manage the server. OpenBMC is an

open source FW distribution available at github (https://github.com/openbmc/openbmc), which uses

some customizable components to allow developers to adopt it as a basis for developing its own BMC

management solution.

DM-SV01 Server ● BMC User Manual ● Rev. 2.1

The DM-SV01 BMC uses the OpenBMC distribution as the base FW platform, over which all the server’s

specific functionalities have been implemented, such as temperature and power sensors monitoring,

FANs control, add-in cards management, FW upgrade policy, network settings customizations, etc.

The BMC is capable of upgrading its own firmware by means of the Web management GUI. The FW

update does not affect the host CPUs, so they can keep running its workloads while the update is

performed. Details about the FW upgrade process can be found in the section “2.4.2 Firmware”.

The DM-SV01 also provides an additional read-only recovery BMC FW which is stored in a separate

memory device. If the main FW for some reason is not capable of booting, the BMC read-only FW is

loaded automatically and allows the user to access some basic functionalities of the BMC. Thus, the

system manager does not lose access to the server and can use the BMC read-only FW to keep

managing and monitoring the system while trying to recover the main BMC FW. When the read-only

BMC FW is loaded, the user will be able to see a warning message in the web GUI, as shown in the

Figure 1.

Figure 1: BMC web GUI - warning message for read-only FW

Important: when the BMC read-only FW is running, the settings will not be persistent. This means that

any change performed at the BMC configurations will be lost in the first BMC reset. So, it is highly

recommended to use the read-only boot only for recovering the main BMC FW.

1.2 Getting started

The access to the BMC is done by means of a network connection. By default, the Ethernet ports of the

BMC are configured as DHCP clients. So, the user can connect to the BMC dedicated Ethernet port in

the DM-SV01 front panel for an out of band management or to the Mezzanine NIC port 0 for an in band

traffic, and activate a DHCP server to send an IP Address to the BMC. Detailed information about the

BMC network configuration can be found in section “2.4.1 Network settings”.

After that, it is possible to use your preferred network browser and enter with the BMC IP Address

preceded by “https://” in the address bar. This will open the login web page of the BMC.

By default, the root user is available as a full access administrator of the system and can be logged in

by using the credentials below:

●Username: root

●Password: 0penBmc (please note that the first character is the number “zero”)

DM-SV01 Server ● BMC User Manual ● Rev. 2.1

Figure 2: BMC Login prompt

After the login is performed, the user has full access to the BMC web GUI and can navigate through all

the settings described in the section “2 BMC Web GUI”. As a first step, it is recommended to change

the password of the root user as a security practice. The procedure for changing the password, as well

as additional details regarding the users administration, is described in section “2.5.2.2”.

1.3 Best practices for improving the BMC security

It’s highly recommended to follow the guidelines below as good practices for improving the security

when accessing the BMC.

●Change the default password of the root user after the first login and use a strong new

password. Create users for administering the BMC adequately according to the privilege level

defined by your company’s policies. Details regarding the configuration of users and their

respective privilege levels are described in section “2.5.2 Local users”.

●Avoid direct exposure of the BMC management port to the internet.

●Use separate networks for BMC management and for host LAN. If possible, use a dedicated

network for BMC management with a restricted pool of IP addresses reserved for this

purpose.

●It is recommended to use only the out-of-band dedicated Ethernet port for BMC management.

If the in-band NC-SI interface needs to be used instead, it is advised to isolate the

management network by using a dedicated VLAN for BMC management.

●Block outgoing BMC traffic to the internet using a firewall.

●Install a proper certificate for HTTP access to the BMC.

●Contact Datacom support team periodically to check for available BMC FW upgrades.

1.4 Redfish

The redfish is a RESTful (Representational State Transfer) application programming interface (API)

developed by the DMTF (Distributed Management Task Force) and used for a broad range of

converged infrastructure (CI) equipment, such as servers, storage devices, network equipment, etc.

DM-SV01 Server ● BMC User Manual ● Rev. 2.1

The redfish was developed to improve the interoperability inside the data center facilities by providing

a centralized and widely compatible way of managing different hardware resources bymeans of modern

and scalable standards, specifications and interfaces.

The redfish API works over HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and uses OData v4, which is the

application layer protocol that defines the standards for the communication of the REST services by

means of the HTTP. The redfish is also based on JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), which is a

scalable data format that provides to customers a pattern that is easy to integrate to their management

solution. The JSON schema is both human-readable and machine-compatible, making it easier to

interpret and also to integrate to the IT management infrastructure.

The Refish interface is available in the DM-SV01 server as a remote management tool for accessing

and controlling several resources available at the BMC. In the DM-SV01, the redfish API can be used

for accessing and controlling a variety of resources of the BMC, such as inventory information, sensors

data, host power actions, boot override configuration, users management, logs, FW update, etc. The

most important actions available at the DM-SV01 server by means of the redfish interface are described

in detail in section “3 Redfish API”.

The SNIA (Storage Networking Industry Association) provides an overview of Redfish on their website.

Please refer to the link from reference (4) for having access to the content of their presentation.

Additionally, please refer to the DMTF official website (5) for further information about the Redfish

specification and additional documentation.

DM-SV01 Server ● BMC User Manual ● Rev. 2.1

2 BMC Web GUI

2.1 Overview Menu

The “Overview” menu is used to show basic information about the system, as well as to provide some

key shortcuts to the user. The “Figure 3” below shows an example of the Overview screen.

Figure 3: BMC Overview menu

The following information is shown at the “Overview” menu:

1. Hostname.

2. Server information: shows general information about the server, such as:

a. Model.

b. Manufacturer.

c. Serial number.

d. BIOS/UEFI firmware version.

3. BMC information: shows general information about the BMC, such as:

a. Hostname.

b. Mac addresses of the network interfaces eth0 and eth1.

c. IP addresses of the network interfaces eth0 and eth1.

d. BMC firmware version.

4. Power Consumption: displays the power consumption of the server (the value shown

corresponds to the power consumption of the server when the overview page was last

loaded).

5. High priority events: displays high priority events if available.

The shortcuts below are available in the overview menu:

1. Turn on server LED: this option turns the server LED on or off. For detailed information

regarding the functionality and use cases of this LED, please refer to the section “2.3.2 Server

LED”.

2. Serial over LAN console: redirects the user to the “Serial over LAN console” menu. Details

regarding this function can be found in section “2.3.4 Serial over LAN console”.

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