EIP 451 Manuale utente



ure

ING1 MOLO.L. 451

1,mcfroyvmea PIA-5

71'6

1 .1tokApi

6.5

--,

(i'y

Telephone: ;=

j9I 1

X :

910-338-0 I

Elf' Microwave

arq

95064-

Manual Part Number: 5580010

Manual printed in U.S.A. — OCT 1978

CCN



Or)q-

MANUAL CHANGE INFORMATION

MODEL 451

At EIP we continually strive to keep up with the latest electronic developments by adding

circuit and component improvements to our instruments as soon as they are developed

and tested.

Sometimes, due to printing and shipment requirements, we cannot get these changes im-

mediately into printed manuals. As a result, your instrument may contain some or all of

the changes listed below.

PAGE NUMBER:

0-3.



A109

7,5K.

caler (5500079), Change R33 to 7,5K, 1/4 W.

Change R34 to 10K, 1/4 W.

.0-5.



A111 BCD Output/Remote Prog., Signal from P1 pin 15 to AS should be inhibit.

3-1.



Paragraph 3-8, line 4, should read "925 MHz - 18 GHz, or Band A (Option P2) for frequencies".

3-1.



Paragraph 3-15, last line should read "produce 1.5V at the INPUT INHIBIT thus enabling the 451".

8-7.



Al Basic Counter, Change FAN part number to 5000151.

8-7.



AMica.

ontrol (2020074), Change C5 to Mica, 200 pF, part number 2250009.

Add CR18, General Purpose diode, part number 2704154.

Delete R20.

8-8, A107 Power Supply (2020077), Change Cl to part number 2200016.

Change C5 to part number 2200018.

A106 High Frequency (2020081), Change R47 to part number 4130999.

8-9.



A107 Power Supply (2020077) Change R20 to part number 4130999.

8-9



A109 Prescaler (2020079) Change R33 to 4130752.

Change R34 to 4010103.

9-5.



A100, (5500070) Rear panel MIN PRF switch should be labeled 0 (not ON) and 50 Hz (not OFF). The blue

and green wires from J1 should be transposed so the green wire goes to 0.

9-9.



A103 Cou

U17.

hain schematic (5500083-A) U16, U17, and U18 - change pin 14 to pin 1.

9-13. A104 Control (5500074-0), Change C5

to 200

pF.

Replace R20 with CR18 (anode side to ground).

C2 should.be 6.3

9-15.



A105 Gate Generator, Signal from P1M

to.

U14C pin 2 should be clo

(5500077).

9-19. A107 Power Supply (5500077), Change Cl value to 9500 uF .25V.

Change C5 value to 44,000 uF .15V.

Change 1920 to 5.6K, 2%.

9-33, A203 Converter Sequencer schematic - delete line between U7 pin 3 and U9 pin 2.

-add line bet

03.n U9 pin 2 and U4 pin 1.

-change 03, now shown as NPN, should be PNP,

-change C4 to .005 value.

4-1,

Paragraph 4-4, line 6 should read " 100us (or 1 ms)."

8-12. A204 IF Processor (2020094) - Note the following part number changes.

C25 is 2150003 R41 is 4130151

C33 is 2150003 R43 is 4130431

R32 is •4130431

R44 is 4130221

R34

is 4130271

R76 is 4130471

R35 is 4130221

and make the following changes to your

R41 is now 150 ohm, 2%

R43 is now 270 ohm, 2%

R44 is now 220 ohm, 2%

R76 is now 470 ohm, 2%

9-35. A204 IF Processor (5500094) - Change the revision letter to

schematic diagram.

C25 is now .01µF

C33 is now .01µF

R33 is now 430 ohm. 2%

R34 is now 270 ohm. 2%

R35 is now 220 ohm. 2%

1-2. Table 1-1, Specifications

General. Gate error (max) should read "± 1§),014-1z." for Band A and "± 40kHz" for Band B.

PIN - .03



- .03

6-5. Paragraph 6-21, item b., (3) should read "'Adjust A106R60 per paragraph 6-21a (2)."

7-1. Paragraph 7-10, C. (b), last sentence should read "For 100 ns wide pulses. error should be less than 1.42 MHz,

7-2. Paragraph 7-10. 0 (51, last sentence should read "For 100 ns wide pulses, error should be less than 1.42 MHz.

Paragraph 7-11, C, add the following sentence, "Gate error should be less than 570 kHz.

9-5, A100 Counter Interconnect (5500070) - Delete Gate Mod switch that was connected to J1 pin 1 and 2 on the rear panel.

Delete modulation trace that runs from J1 pin 1 to High Frequency XA106 Pin 15,

9-15. A105 Gate Generator, J1 should read BAND B THRESHOLD and J2 should read BAND A THRESHOLD.

9-17. A106 High Frequency, R47 should be 18 ohm nom.,



2%, S.A.T.

9-29, A202 YIG Control, Add US Inverter Gate , pin 11 (in)/10(out) from P1 pin 7, 40 kHz Clock signal to

U4 pin 14,

EFIROR DAC ENABLE, at U6 pin 2 should be ERROR DAC ENABLE.

ERROR DAC STJ

,at U6 pin 11 should be ERROR DAC STEP.

CERTIFICATION

EIP Microwave certifies that this instrument was throroughly inspected and

tested, and found to be in conformance with the specifications noted herein

at time of shipment from factory .

WARRANTY

EIP Microwave warrants this counter to be free from defects in material and

workmanship for one year from the date of delivery. Damage due to accident,

abuse, or improper signal level, is not covered by the warranty. Removal,

defacement, or alteration, of any serial or inspection label, marking, or seal,

may void the warranty. EIP Microwave will repair or replace at its option,

any components of this counter which prove to be defective during the warranty

period, provided the entire counter is returned PREPAID to EIP or its authorized

service facility. In-warranty counters will be returned freight prepaid; out-of-

warranty units will be returned freight COLLECT . No other warranty other than

the above warranty is expressed or implied.

ASSISTANCE

For assistance, contact the EIP representative in your area, or EIP Microwave.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARA-

GRAPH



TITLE



PAGE

SECTION 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION AND SPECIFICATIONS



1-1



Description



1-1



1-9



Instrument Identification



1-i



1-11



Specifications



1-1

SECTION 2 -- INSTALLATION



2-1



Unpacking



2-1



2-4



Installation



2-1



2-6



Incoming Operational Check



2-1.

SECTION 3 - OPERATION



3-1



Introduction



3-1



3-3



Controls, Indicators and Connectors



3-1



3-5



Numerical Display Brightness Adjustment



3-1



3-7



Operation in the Automatic Mode



3-1



3-10



Operation in the Manual_ Mode



3-1



3-12



Externally Enabled Operation



3-1



3-14



Input inhibit Requirements



3-1



3-16



Pulse Profile Measurements



3-1



3-18



Dynamic Characteristics of Time Varying Signals



3-4



3-20



Multiple Pulse Signal Measurements



3-4



3-22



Timing Considerations



3-4



3-24



Accuracy



3-5



3-23



Time Base Errors



3-5



3-31



Averaging Error



3-5



3-33



Gate Error



3-6



3-35



Techniques For Improving Accuracy



3-6



3-37



Time Base Calibration



3-6



3-39



Long Term Averaging



3-6



3-41



Gate Error



3-6

SECTION 4 - GENERAL THEORY OF OPERATION



4-1



General



4-1



4-8



Microwave Converter



4-1



4-18



350 MHz Direct Counter



4-3



4-23



Gate Generator



4-4



4-27



Accuracy



4-4

An Introduction to YIG Filters



4-5

SECTION 5 - MAINTENANCE & SERVICE



5-1



General



5-1



5-3



Fuse Replacement



5-1



5-5



Air Circulation



5-1



5-7



Counter Servicing



5-1



5-8



Recommended Service Procedure



5-1



5-9



Servicing Precautions



5-I



5-10



Factory Service



5-1



5-12



TROUBLESHOOTING



5-2



5-13



Malfunction at Turn-On



5-2



5-15



Failure to Indicate All Zeros



5-2



5-17



Malfunction in Self Test



5-2

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued

PARA-

GRAPH

TITLE



PAGE

SECTION 5 (CONTINUED)



5-19



Malfunction in Band A (Option P2)



5-2



5-21



Malfunction in Band B



5-2



5-23



Module Failure Verification



5-24



Source/Amplifier Power Output Check



5-3



5-25



Source/Amplifier. Spurious Signal Check



5-3



5-26



Front End Check



9-3



5-27



Mixer Check



5-3



5-28



Limiter/Attenuator Check



5-3



5-29



YIG Comb Generator Check



5-4



5-30



IF Processor Check



5-5

SECTION 6

ADJUSTMENTS & CALIBRATION

General



6-1



6-3



Generating and Measuring Narrow RF Pulses



6-1



6-8



Power Supply Adjustment



6-10



Time Base Calibration



6-12



RTO Calibration Procedure



6-3



6-13



TeX() Calibration (Option P1)



6-3



6-18



TCXO Calibration Procedure



6-19



Band A (Option P2) Adjustments



6-3



6-20



Band B Adjustments



6-21



High Frequency (A106) Adjustment



6-5

SECTION 7 - PERFORMANCE TESTS



7-1



General



7-3



Variable Line Voltage



7-1



7-5



Recommended Test Equipment



7-1



7-7



PERFORMANCE TESTS



7-8



Range, Sensitivity, and Minimum Pulse Width - Band A (Option P2)



7-9



Range, Sensitivity, and Minimum Pulse Width - Band B



7-1



7-10



Gate Error - Band A (Option P2)



7-1



7-11



Gate Error - Band B



7-2



7-12



Rear Panel Output Levels



7-2



7-13



Rear Panel Input Inhibit Levels



7-2

SECTION 8 - PARTS LISTS



8-1



General



8-1



8-3



List of Tables



8-1



8-4



To Order Replacement Parts



8-1

SECTION 9

CIRCUIT SCHEMATICS S DESCRIPTIONS

COMPONENT LOCATORS



General



SECTION 0

OPTIONS



0-2



Option P1 - TCXO



0-1



0-4



Option P2 - Prescaler



0-1



0-6



Option P3 - Rear Panel Inputs



0-1



0-8



To Field Change Band B to Rear Input



0-9



To Field Change Bands A and B to Rear Input



0-1



0-10



Option P4 BCD Output/Remote Programming



0-1



0-12



BCD Outputs



0-1



0-15



YIG Preset



0-1



0-17



Remote Programming



0-1

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE

TITLE



PAGE

1-i,

Specifications



1-2

3-1

Front Panel Controls, indicators and Connectors



3-2

Rear Panel Controls and Connectors



3-3

5-1

Recommended Test Equipment



5-4

8-1

Reference Designators and Abbreviations

8-1

8-2

List of Manufacturers



8-2

8-3

Master Parts List



8-3

Replaceable Parts List



8-7

Control Sequence



9-11

9-15A

Converter Sequence Functions



9-31

0-1

Pin Assignments - BCD Output/Remote Programming (Option P4)



0-4

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

FIGURE



TITLE



PAGE

3-1



Front View - 451 Microwave Pulse Counter



3-2



Rear View -- 451 Microwave Pulse Counter



3-3



Pulse Profile Measurement Test Set-Up



3-4



Pulse Profile Measurement



3-4

3-5



Time Varying Signal Measurement Test Set-Up



3-4



Internal Timing Delays



3-5

3-7



Calibration Test Set-Up (Averaging/Gate Error)



3-6

4-1



Block Diagram - 451 Microwave Pulse Counter



4-2



Block Diagram - 451 Pulse Counter - Converter (A2)



4-2

4-3



Block Diagram - 451 Pulse Counter - Direct Counter (A1)



4-3

5-1



Source/Amplifier Power Ref/Detected Output



5-2



YIG Comb Generator Detected Output



5-4



Test Set-Up - IF Processor



5-5

5-4



Troubleshooting Tree - Visual Display Test



5-6

5-5



Troubleshooting Tree - Missing Digit



5-7

5-6



Troubleshooting Tree - Non-Zero Display



5-7



Troubleshooting Tree - Self-Test



5-9

5-8



Troubleshooting Tree - Band A (Option P2)



5-9



Troubleshooting Tree - Band B (Converter)



5-12

5-10



Troubleshooting Tree - Pulse Input



5-15

6-1



Calibration Adjustment Locator



6-2



Detected Mod/20 kHz Reference Pulse Timing



6-3



Return Loss Measurement Set-Up



6-4



Return Loss Measurement



6-4



Attenuator Control, Ramp Offset Adjustment



6-6



Comb Leveling



6-5

9-1



Assembly Location - Cable Identification



9-2



Interconnection Diagram



9-3

NOTE: The following figures include the Component Locator, Circuit Description,

and Schematic Diagram for the PCB assemblies in this counter. All related

sheets for a particular assembly have the same figure number. Page numbers

given below indicate the beginning page of a particular assembly.

9-3



Counter Interconnect (A100)



9-4



Count Chain Control (A102)



9-6

9-5



Count Chain (A103)



9-6



Control (A104)



9-10

9-7



Gate Generator (A105)



9-14

9-8



High Frequency/Gate Modulator (A106)



9-16

9-9



Power Supply (A107)



9-18

9-10



Reference Oscillator Buffer (A108)



9-20

9-11



Display (A110)



9-22

9-12



Converter Interconnect (A200)



9-24

9-13



Source/Amplifier (A201)



9-26

9-14



YIG Control (A202)



9-28

9-15



Converter Sequencer (A203)



9-30

9-16



IF Processor (A204)



9-34



Prescaler (A109) - Option P2



0-2



BCD Output/Remote Programming (A111) Option P4



0-4

vli

SECTION 1

GENERAL INFORMATION & SPECIFICATIONS

1-1. DESCRIPTION

1-2, The MP Model 451. Microwave Pulse Counter auto-

matically and directly measures the frequency of pulse

modulated microwave signals between 300 MHz - 18 GHz.

Pulse widths can be as narrow as 100 nanoseconds, with

no minimum or maximum pulse repetition frequency limits.

1-3. The 451 also measures the frequency of CW micro-

wave signals. and carrier signals with FM modulation up

to 40 MHz peak-to-peak deviation at 10 MHz modulation

rates. No manual switching is required to measure CW or

pulsed frequencies — the counter will automatically mea-

sure either type of signal. Sensitivity is -10 dBm

to 10

GHz; -5 dBm to 18 GHz. A built-in limiter provides over-

load protection of up to 1 watt peak from 925 MHz - 18 GHz.

4. All front panel controls except SAMPLE RATE are

externally programmable, One input to the counter (Band

B) accepts signals over the range of 925 MHz - 18 GI-1z,

Option P2 provides a second input (Band A) to cover the

range of 300 MHz - 950 MHz.

1-5. The display on the 451 Counter provides a direct

readout of the measured frequency over the entire oper-

ating range of the counter with 10 kHz resolution. The

counter also includes automatic suppression of leading

zeros, except during a no signal input condition.

1-6. The frequency readout of the 451 is displayed in a

fixed position format that is conveniently sectionalized in

GHz and MHz. Gate times are 100 us and 1 ms.

1-7. For applications where less resolution is required,

pushbutton display blanking (RESOLUTION) is provided

to simplify the readout.

1-8. To assure trouble-free performance, the 451 Pulse

Counter is completely solid-state. For ease of repair and

maintenance, the major portion of the counter circuitry is

contained on plug-in printed circuit boards or in easily

removed modules. Special test points allow monitoring of

critical circuit functions,

1-9. INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION

1-10. The 451 Pulse Counter is identified by two number

sets: the Model and Configuration Control Number (e .g:

451

CCN1001), and a specific Serial Number (e.g: 12345).

Both sets of numbers should be mentioned in any corre-

spondence or parts orders relating to the counter,

1-11. SPECIFICATIONS

1-12. Model 451 Microwave Pulse Counter specifications

are given in Table 1-1,

1-1

GENERAL SPECS,

coNro

0 to 50

Net 30 lbs. Shipping 35 lbs.

Weight:

Dimensions:

3.5" high and 16.75" wide and 19" deep

Accessories Furnished:

8 foot power cord and instruction manual

„...., ...„

Accessories Available:

Model 400 Delay Generator.

Carrying Case. P/N 5700001

Rack Mtg. Ka. P/N 2010008

TABLE 1-1. SPECIFICATIONS - 451 MICROWAVE PULSE COUNTER

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS.

Frequency Range:

Band A:

Band B:

300 MHz to 950 MHz



(Option P2)

925 MHz to 18 GHz

Pulse Characteristics:

Pulse width:

Pulse repetition freq.:

100 nsec mm. (measured at 3 dB points)

Minimum-50 Hz normal, 0 Hz rear panel

selected, Maximum - No limit

Accuracy:

CW or pulses

>100 bisec:

Pulse <100 psec:

Averaging error

(kHz rmsl:

100 gs Gate:

1 ms Gate:

Gate error (max.):

Time Base:

Oscillator Type:

Crystal frequency:

Stability:

Aging rate:

Temperature:

(0-50 C)

Line voltage:

Warm up time:

\---

Time base accuracy ±1 count

Time base accuracy ± averaging error ±

gate error

Band A



selected.

100

200

PW-.03



VPW-.03

. _



Al PW-.03



40 kHz

Ai PW-.03

width in /15.

PW -.03

PW - pulse

Standard

Option P1

Room Temperature

Crystal

Temperature Corn-

pensated Crystal

(TCX0)

10 MHz

< I 3 x 10

-7

1 /mon.

<I 3 x10

-5

<1 2 x 10

-6

±10% change produces

frequency shift <VI x 10

-7

None required

Sensitivity:

Band A (Opt. P2):

Band B:

300

to 950 MHz



-10 dBm peak

925 MHz to 10 GHz



-10 dBm peak

10 GHz to 18 GHz



-5 dBm peak

FM Tolerance

Band B (minimum):

CW: 40 MHz p-p deviation for mod. rates DC-

10 MHz. PULSE (w/o Input Inhibit): 20MHz

max. freq. shift across pulse. FREO.UENCY

PROFILE (using input Inhibit): 20 MHz max.

freq. shift during input inhibit pulse.

ximum Input

Level (peak):

Band A: 300 to

950 MHz

(Opt.P2)

Band B: 925 MHz

to 18 GHz

Operating



Burnout Level

+10 dBm



+27 dBm

+10 dBm



+30

dBm

Input Impedance:

Connector:

Band A (Opt. P2)



Band B

nom.



nom.

BNC



Type N precision

Measurement Speed

(Band B Only):

Acquisition Time:

PRE >100 Hz:

PRF <100 Hz:

Reading Time

Band B (sec):

100

Gate:

1 ms Gate:

100 msec + 50 msec/GHz

100 msec + —

sec/GHz

PRF

Band A



Band B

400



100

(PW)(PRF)



(PWI(PRF)

4000



1000

(PW)(PRF)



IPW)(PRF)

pulse width (11sec)

PRF --- pulse repetition frequency (Hz)

Display:

7 digit LED with fixed decimal point.

Leading zero suppression.

Resolution:

10 kHz, 100 kHz, 1 MHz

Power:

100/120/220/240 VAC ±10%, 50-60 Hz,

100 watts nominal.

1-2

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