EME OE5JFL Manuale utente
E M E - Antenna Controller System - OE5JFL
Block diagram
EME Controller OE5JFL May 2009
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1.Controller board
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Short description of the features
- Computation of position (without PC !) for Moon, Sun, Cassiopeia, Cygnus, Sagittarius,
Taurus, Leo, Aquarius and a RA/DEC value of free choice
- Azimuth and elevation motor controlling for all targets plus two free choice AZ/EL positions
- Interfacing with different absolute encoders: ETS25, HH12, HH16, A2-S-S
- Selectable step size for tracking (full, half, quarter resolution)
- Selectable offset for azimuth and elevation (+/- 9.9 degrees)
- Operation by 4 buttons at controller
- Nonvolatile storage of all parameters
- Real time clock
- 4 x 20 character LCD - display
Settings:
- All functions and parameters can be set by four buttons on
the controller named: SHIFT, + , - , AUTO
To run through the setting menu, keep the SHIFT key pressed and press
+ or –key. You will see the cursor blinking at the parameter you
choose.
For changing the parameter itself, just press + or –(SHIFT released).
For the first 10 increments or decrements the least significant digit
is changed, then the next higher digit is selected.
If you press (only) the SHIFT key for more than 5 seconds, Doppler
shift is displayed instead of date. For switching back to date
display again, press SHIFT for another 5 seconds.
To switch between automatic mode on/off, press AUTO key (toggle
switch) After changing target, you are always in AUTO OFF mode. In
AUTO ON mode you see arrows blinking (output switching signals
activated) or ‘asterix’ when the antenna is in position.
Following parameters can be set:
antenna offset: +/-9.9 deg in azimuth and elevation
step size: full,half,quarter resolution, depending on encoder
target: Moon, Sun, Cassiopeia, Cygnus, Sagittarius,
Taurus, Leo, Aquarius, RA/DEC, AZ/EL2, AZ/EL1
AZ1,EL1 and AZ2,EL2: free choice antenna positions
Right Ascension and Declination for free choice target
QTH: longitude, latitude
encoder type: (in the moment) SSI for 10,11,12 bit binary,
SSI 12bit gray, A2-S-S, MAB25 10,11,12 bit
band: for Doppler shift display
second, minute, hour, day, month, year
MAIN RESET: In some cases (battery empty,..) you might need to make a
MAIN RESET: Hold SHIFT key pressed during power on (or together
with pressing reset shortly)
In that case you have to set again most of the parameters (date,
time,..) by running through the menu, because values in the memory
were reset to original parameters.
FIRMWARE UPDATE: The firmware can be updated via the RS232 port. You
need to run Flip software from Atmel (freeware) to load a new HEX-
file to the 89C51ED2. Before you have to set the two jumpers on the
PCB. Flip settings are at preferences, AutoISP (More) RST(DTR) active
Low. When the update is done, remove the jumpers again.
REMOTE BY PC: By ASCII commands listed at the end of this documentation
it is possible to read and write parameters via a PC COM port.
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Input/Output: For encoder and motor connection the necessary I/O lines
of the controller are provided at a 20pin connector.
P1.0 ... P1.2 : Az encoder, P1.3 : Az PWM
P1.4 ... P1.6 : El encoder, P1.7 : El PWM
P2.4, P2.5 : Az motor clw,ccw P2.6, P2.7 : El motor up,down
P3.2, P3.3, P3.4, P3.5: future applications
You can design your own input/output drivers, or use the interface
board described below.
2.Interface board
The interface board is connected to the controller board via the 20pin
connector.
Motor output:
The four controller output signals (P2.4 - P2.7) are activated
(low) in automatic mode. They are amplified by two MOS H-bridges
which can drive DC motors up to 36V/2A. The DC motor inputs must
both be isolated from GND!!
By setting the two jumpers JP6, JP7 a PWM signal for soft start and
slowing down is activated.
If you want to move the antenna in manual mode, switch auto mode
off at the controller, and press the corresponding buttons on the
interface board.
P1.1 P1.3 P1.5 P1.7 P2.5 P2.7 P3.3 P3.5 GND GND
o o o o o o o o o o
P1.0 P1.2 P1.4 P1.6 P2.4 P2.6 P3.2 P3.4 +5V +12V
o o o o o o o o o o
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Encoder Input:
It is possible to connect 10bit, 11bit and 12bit binary encoders
with 0.5deg, 0.2deg, 0.1deg resolution and 12bit Graycode encoders
with the widely used SSI-protocol. To prevent the controller inputs
from damage, there are switching transistor stages for each clock
output and data input. You have to set the 4 jumpers JP1..JP4 at
the transistors, but must let the RS485 sockets without the ICs.
You can also connect the well known A2-S-S encoders from US-digital
via RS485. In that case the SEI-protocol is used and you have to
unplug the four jumpers JP1..JP4 on the board and instead plug the
two RS485 drivers into the sockets.
I developed an easy to build 0.5deg 10bit encoder, which fits
nicely to the controller. But meanwhile a cheap 12bit encoder is
available, the ETS25 (mechanically improved replacement of the
discontinued MAB25). It´s accuracy is worse compared to the A2-S-S,
but first measurements showed a maximum deviation of only 0.2deg.
DF1SR offers encoders similar to the ETS25, named HH12 and HH16.
The HH16 has 16 bits, but only 12 bits can be used by the system,
and you need special firmware for using it. He also offers an
Inclinometer HH12-INC, electrically the same as the HH12.
Occasionally there was an unstable indication with the MAB25,
probably because of pulse reflections. Adding 1k resistors from
each encoder pin (CLK,DATA,CS) to GND directly at the encoder or at
the splitter board cured the problem.
Different encoders will need an updated firmware and maybe a
modified hardware connection.
If you want reversed indication direction of azimuth (for example
if the axis of the encoder is looking downwards), connect
pin2(center) and pin3(right) of SL2 (placed in front of CON1) by
setting a jumper. The 0…360deg of the elevation encoder is
converted to -90…0…+90…0…-90. So if the indication is in the wrong
direction, just turn the mounting of the encoder by 180deg.
You can teach the system to compensate a not correct mounting of
the encoders. Point the antenna exactly at a target with well
defined position, for example the sun. Connecting pin1 and pin3 of
SL2 for five seconds (P3.3 of the controller grounded) will store
the indicated target position into antenna position, and always
take the difference to the encoder position into account from that
moment. Connecting the two pins for a short moment only, will
toggle the system between normal indication and compensation mode.
The teaching and toggle functions are provided as well as remote
commands via the COM port. See details about that on page 13.
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A LAN cable is used to connect the encoders. With another jumper
you can select the DC for the encoders between 5V or 12V.
At the other end of the LAN cable, there is a small splitter PCB
for encoder connections.
MAB25 /ETS25 connection
Splitter Encoder
+5V VDD
2(6) CS
0(4) CLK
1(5) DATA
GND GND
(no resistors needed!)
A2-S-S connection
Splitter Encoder
0(4) 6: DATA- (blue)
270R
1(5) 5: DATA+ (yellow)
+12V 4: +DC (white)
2k2 3: BUSY- (brown)
2k2 2: BUSY+ (green)
GND 1: GND (red)
At the splitter the pin numbers 0,1,2
for Az and 4,5,6 (in brackets) for El
are connected via the LAN cable and
the switching transistors to
P1.0,..,P1.6 of the 20pin connector.
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3.Circuit diagrams, PCBs and parts lists
Circuit diagram controller board
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PCB controller
Parts list controller board
1x PCB
1x LCD-Display 4x20
1x 14 pin connector LCD
4x Button
6x 10 k
1x 47 Ohm, 1W
3x 560 Ohm
1x 270 Ohm
1x 7805
1x 47µF Elko
1x 220µF Elko
1x 1N4004
1x AT89C51ED2 PLCC44
1x IC Socket PLCC44
1x 22,118 MHz XTAL
2x 22pF Ker.Ko.
3x 100nF
1x Button RESET
1x DC connector 2pin
1x Connector 2x10 pin
1x PCF8583 DIL8
1x IC Socket DIL8
1x 3V60R Akku
1x 32.768 kHz XTAL
1x 22pF Trimmer capacitor
1x 1N4148
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Additionally needed if you want to interface the controller to a PC:
1x 1N4148
1x MAX232
1x IC Socket DIL16
4x 1µF Elko
1x SUB-D 9 fem
1x BC547
2x 100 k
1x 1 k
2x Jumper
Circuit diagram motor/encoder interface board
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PCB interface
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