GE MDS TransNET Manuale utente
05-4481A01, Rev. A GE MDS TransNET Quick Start Guide 1
MDS TransNET
Publication No. 05-4481A01, Rev. A
The transceiver, shown in Figure 1, is a spread spectrum radio
designed for license-free operation. These units employ Digital
Signal Processing (DSP) technology to provide highly-reliable
long-distance communications, even in the presence of weak
signals or interference.
The transceiver is housed in a compact and rugged die-cast
enclosure that need only be protected from direct exposure to the
weather.Itcontainsasingleprintedcircuitboardwithallnecessary
components for radio operation. No jumper settings or manual
adjustments are required to configure the radio for operation.
In addition to these instructions, the MDS TransNET Reference
Manual (05-2708A01) provides helpful guidance on TransNET
systems. Electronic copies of all user documents and data sheets
are available free of charge at www.GEmds.com.
1.1 Transceiver Features
Listed below are several key features of the transceiver. These are
designed to ease the installation and configuration of the radio,
while retaining the ability to make changes in the future.
• 902–928 MHz operation using the TransNET 900
• 2400–2482 MHz ISM band operation with the TransNET
2400
• User-selectable option to skip sub-bands with constant
interference
• 65,000 available network addresses
• Network-wide configuration from the Master station elimi-
nates most trips to Remote sites
• Data transparency ensures compatibility with virtually all
asynchronous SCADA system RTUs
• Peak-hold RSSI averaged over eight hop cycles
• Operation at up to 115,200 bps continuous data flow
• Store-and-Forward repeater operation
• Data latency typically less than 10 ms
• Same hardware for Master or Remote configuration
• Supports RS/EIA-232 and RS/EIA-485 user interface
• Low current consumption; typically less than 3 mA in “sleep”
mode
Figure 1. MDS TransNET Series Transceiver
NOTE: Some radio features may not be available on all models,
or limited by the options purchased, or the applicable
regulatory constraints for the region in which the radio will
operate.
1.2 Typical Applications
1.2.1 Multiple Address Systems (MAS)
This is the most common application of the transceiver. It consists
of a central control station (Master) and two or more associated
Remote units, as shown in Figure 2. An MAS network provides
communications between a central host computer and remote
terminal units (RTUs) or other data collection devices. The
operation of the radio system is transparent to the computer
equipment. When used in this application, the transceiver provides
an excellent alternative to traditional (licensed) MAS radio
systems.
Figure 2. Typical MAS Network
1.2.2 Point-to-Point System
A point-to-point configuration (Figure 3) is a simple arrangement
consisting of just two radios—a Master and a Remote. This
provides a half-duplex communications link for the transfer of data
between two locations. Invisibleplaceholder
Figure 3. Typical Point-to-Point Link
1.2.3 Adding a Tail-End Link to an Existing
Network
A tail-end link can be used to extend the range of a traditional
(licensed) MAS system. This might be required if an outlying site is
blocked from the MAS Master station by a natural or man-made
obstruction. In this arrangement, a TransNET radio links the
outlying Remote site into the rest of a licensed MAS system by
sending data from that site to an associated TransNET installed at
one of the licensed Remote sites (see Figure 4 on Page 2).
As the data from the outlying site is received at the licensed
Remote site, it is transferred to the licensed radio (via a local cable
connection) and is then transmitted to the MAS Master station in
1.0 INTRODUCTION
MDSTransNET
Remote
MDSTransNET
Remote
MDSTransNET
Master
MDSTransNET
Remote
MDSTransNET
Remote
RTU
RTU
RTU
RTU
Host System
RXD
TXD
SYNC
PWR
RXD
TXD
SYNC
PWR
RXD
TXD
SYNC
PWR
RXD
TXD
SYNC
PWR
RXD
TXD
SYNC
PWR
MDSTransNET
Master MDSTransNET
Remote
Host System
2 GE MDS TransNET Quick Start Guide 05-4481A01, Rev. A
the usual manner.
Figure 4. Typical Tail-End Link Arrangement
1.2.4 Extending a TransNET Network with a
Repeater
Similar to a Tail-End Link, Store-and-Forward (SAF) offers a way
to physically extend the network range, but in a simple and
economical manner. SAF works by dividing a network into a
vertical hierarchy of two or more sub-networks. Extension radios
(designated as MODE X) serve as single-radio repeaters that link
adjacent sub-networks, and move data from one sub-network to
the next one. Invisibleplaceholder
Figure 5. TransNET Repeater Network
1.3 Accessories
GE MDS offers an Accessories Selection Guide listing additional
items that may be used with our products. Contact your factory
representative or visit www.GEmds.com for the latest copy.
2.1 TransNET Installation
Figure 6 shows a typical Remote station arrangement. Master
stations are similar, but an omni-directional antenna is normally
used instead of a directional type, and a host computer replaces
the data terminal equipment.
Figure 6. Typical Remote Station Arrangement
The following steps provide an overview of the installation
procedure. For additional details, refer to the MDS TransNET
Reference Manual (05-2708A01).
1. Select a site that provides stable power, protection from the
weather, entrances for antenna and other cabling, and an
antenna location with an unobstructed transmission path in
the direction of the associated station(s).
2. Select and install an appropriate antenna and feedline for your
system requirements.
3. Mount the transceiver to a stable surface using the brackets
supplied with the radio (fasteners/anchors are not supplied).
4. Connect the data equipment to the transceiver’s DATA con-
nector. Use only the required pins for the application. Refer to
Figure 7.
5. Measure and install the primary power for the transceiver. It
must be within 6–30 Vdc (including transients) and be capable
of providing 7.5 watts over this voltage range. (Typical current
draw is 400 mA @13.8 Vdc; 0.9 A at 6 Vdc.) A power connec-
tor with screw-terminals is provided with each unit.
Figure 7. Interface Connector Functions
6. Set the radio’s basic configuration with a PC terminal con-
nected to the DIAG(nostics) connector via an RJ-11 to DB-9
adapter cable, MDS P/N 03-3246A01. For more information
on connecting a PC terminal and preparing it for use, refer to
the MDS TransNET Reference Manual (05-2708A01).
Three essential settings for the transceiver are:
•Mode: Master, Remote, or Extension
•Network Address: A unique number from 1 to 65000
•Data Interface Parameters: bps, data bits, parity, stop
bits
7. Perform the initial start-up of the transceiver:
a. Apply primary power.
b. Observe the transceiver LED status panel for proper indi-
cations.
In a normally operating system, you will see the following
indications within 16 seconds of start-up:
PWR lamp lit continuously
SYNC lamp lit continuously
Remote radio(s) transmitting data (TXD) and receiving
data (RXD) with the Master station.
8. Optimize the installation by checking:
• Antenna aiming
• Antenna SWR
• Data buffer setting (Modbus protocol)
• Hoptime setting
• TotalFlow™ Protocol at 9600 with Sleep Mode
• Operation at 115200 bps
• Baud rate setting
2.0 HARDWARE INSTALLATION
PWRSYNC TXDRXD
MDSTransNET
Master
REPEATER STATION
MDS x710B
Series Radio
ENTER
ESCAPE
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
STBY ALARM RXALR TXALR
STBY ALARM RXALRTXALR LINE
LINE
PWRSYNCTXD RXD
Null-Modem Cable
Remote
Radio
Remote
Radio
MDSTransNET
Remote
Master Station
SPREAD SPECTRUM LINK
TO OUTLYING SITE
OUTLYING
REMOTE SITE
MAS SYSTEM (LICENSED OR UNLICENSED) LICENSE-FREE SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM
RTU
RTU RTU
MDSTransNET
Extension
MODE = X
REPEATER STATION
MDSTransNET
Remote
MODE = R
SPREAD SPECTRUM LINK
TO OUTLYING SITE
OUTLYING
REMOTE SITE
MDSTransNET
Remote
MODE = R
MDSTransNET
Remote
MODE = R
MDSTransNET
Master
MODE = M
SAF = ON
RTU
RTU RTU
RTU
POWER SUPPLY
13.8 VDC @ 500 mA
(6–30 Vdc)
DATATERMINAL
EQUIPMENT
MDS Transceiver
LOW-LOSS FEEDLINE
ANTENNA
SYSTEM
Antenna Primary PowerData (6–30 Vdc)
Diagnostic
(Communications)(Payload)
PWR SYNC TXD RXD
05-4481A01, Rev. A GE MDS TransNET Quick Start Guide 3
• Radio interference checks
For more information on how to perform these optimization
steps, refer to the MDS TransNET Reference Manual
(05-2708A01).
There are no manual adjustments on the radio. Programming and
control is performed through a PC connected to the radio’s DIAG
connector. Programming is performed by either establishing a
terminal connection to the radio (by using a terminal emulator such
as HyperTerminal), or by connecting to the radio using MDS
TransNET Configuration Software (P/N 06-4059A01). For more
information, refer to the MDS TransNET Reference Manual
(05-2708A01).
3.1 User Commands
The following tables provide brief descriptions of the various user
commands for the transceiver. For more information, refer to the
MDS TransNET Reference Manual (05-2708A01).
Table 1: Network Configuration—Master Station
Table 2: Network-Wide Diagnostics
3.0 RADIO PROGRAMMING
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
AT [ON, OFF] Enables Master station to emulate a
modem and respond to AT commands
BUFF [ON, OFF] ON = Seamless data
OFF = Fast byte throughput.
FEC [ON, OFF] Sets/disables FEC
(Forward Error Correction) setting.
HOPTIME [7, 28] Displays hop-time or sets it to 7 or
28 ms.
LPM [1, 0] Used at Master to set all associated sta-
tions in an energy-conservation mode.
1 = Low-power mode enabled net-
work-wide
0 = Disable low-power mode (Default)
REPEAT Sets/displays the fixed downstream
re-send count.
RETRY [0–10] Sets/displays the maximum upstream
re-send count for ARQ (Automatic
Repeat Request) operation
SAF [ON, OFF] Enables/disables the store-and-forward
function for the network controlled by
this Master unit.
SKIP [NONE, 1...8] Skip one or more frequency zones
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF] Controls operation of diagnostic link
function.
DTYPE [NODE/ROOT] Set radio’s operational characteristics
for network-wide diagnostics
Table 3: Operational Configuration
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
ADDR [1–65000] Program network address
AMASK [0000
0000–FFFF FFFF] Alarm response
Default: FFFF FFFF
ASENSE [HI/LO] Sense of the alarm output on Pin 6 of the
DATA interface connector in the EIA-232
mode. Default: Alarm present = HI
BAND [A, B, C] Selects one of three operating bands.
(2.4 GHz Model Only)
BAUD [xxxxx abc] Data communication parameters
CODE [NONE, 1...255] Select the security/encryption setting in
the radio
CSADDR [1–65000] Used on a single Master/Remote net-
work to support TDD-style simulated
full-duplex.
CTS [0–255] CTS delay in milliseconds
(A value of 0 returns CTS immediately)
CTSHOLD [0–60000] “Hold time” that CTS is present following
last character from DATA port.
DEVICE [DCE, CTS
KEY] Device behavior:
DCE (normal) or CTS Key
MODE [M, R, X] Operating mode:
M = Master, R = Remote, X = Extension
MRSSI [NONE,
-40...-90] Minimum RSSI level required to preserve
synchronization with a Master radio for
Remotes in mobile service.
OT [ON, OFF] Enables a 1-second delay on delivery of
RXD serial data.
OWN [xxxxx] Owner’s name, or alternate message
(30 characters maximum)
PORT [RS232, RS485] Data port (DATA connector) interface
signaling mode: RS232 or RS485
PWR [20–30] Power output in dBm
RXD [0–255] Set RXD delay time for virtual seamless
mode with low latency
RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440] Maximum duration (in minutes) before
time-out alarm. Default is OFF.
RTU [ON, OFF, 0–80] Enable or Disable unit’s built-in RTU
simulator. Default is OFF. Set RTU
address between zero and 80.
SLEEP [ON, OFF] Enable or Disable the radio’s
energy-conservation Sleep mode func-
tion.
UNIT [10000–60000] Unit address used for network-wide
diagnostics. (Unique within associated
network.)
XADDR [0–31] This unit’s Extended address
Typically, the Master is set to zero (0).
XMAP
[00000000–FFFFFFFF] Included Extended units in MODE X.
(Extensions and Remotes only)
XPRI [0–31] Address of the primary Extended radio
unit (Extension).
4 GE MDS TransNET Quick Start Guide 05-4481A01, Rev. A
XRSSI [NONE,
-40...-120] Minimum RSSI level required to preserve
synchronization with a non-primary radio.
(Only meaningful when XPRI is not
NONE)
ZONE CLEAR Reset zone data statistics
Table 4: Operating Status—Display Only
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
ADDR Network address
AMASK Alarm mask (response)
ASENSE Current sense of the alarm output.
BAUD Data communication parameters. Exam-
ple: BAUD 9600 8N1
BUFF Data buffering mode: ON = seamless
data, OFF = fast byte throughput
CODE Security/encryption operational status.
“NONE” (Inactive), or “ACTIVE”
CTS CTS delay in milliseconds (0–255 ms)
CTSHOLD “Hold time” that CTS is present following
last character from DATA port.
DEVICE Device behavior
Alternatives: DCE and CTS KEY
HOPTIME Hop-time value in milliseconds (ms).
LPMHOLD Time (0-1000 ms) provided to give an
RTU time to respond before the radio
goes to sleep.
MODE Current operating mode:
M = Master
R = Remote
X = Extension (Repeater)
MRSSI Minimum RSSI level required to preserve
synchronization with a Master radio for
Remotes in mobile service.
OWM Owner’s message or site name
OT Status (ON/OFF) of the 1-second delay
on delivery of RXD serial data.
OWN Owner’s name or system name
PORT Current data port (DATA connector) inter-
face signaling mode: RS232 or RS485
PWR Forward power-output setting in dBm
REPEAT The fixed downstream re-send count.
RETRY The maximum upstream re-send count
for ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request)
operation.
RSSI Received signal strength indicator (in
dBm). Unavailable at Master unless
SETUP is enabled.
RTU RTU simulator’s operational status
(ON/OFF)
RXTOT The amount of time (in seconds) to wait
before issuing a time-out alarm.
Table 3: Operational Configuration (Continued)
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
SAF Store-and-forward mode status in this
unit. (ON/OFF)
SER Serial number of radio
SHOW CON Display virtual modem connection status
SHOW PWR RF output power.
Measured RF power in dBm.
SHOW SYNC Information on synchronization source
SKIP Frequency zones that are skipped
SLEEP Radio’s Sleep Mode setting.
(At Remotes Only)
SREV Transceiver firmware revision level
STAT Current alarm status
TEMP Transceiver’s internal temperature (°C)
UNIT Programmed unit address for
network-wide diagnostics
XADDR This unit’s Extended address
XPRI Address of the primary Extended radio
unit (Extension).
XMAP Included Extended units in MODE X.
(Extensions and Remotes only).
XRSSI Minimum RSSI level required to preserve
synchronization with a non-primaryradio.
(Only meaningful when XPRI is not
NONE)
Table 5: Diagnostic and Test Functions
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
KEY Enables the transmitter test.
(must be in Setup mode).
DKEY Turns off the transmitter test
(must be in Setup mode).
TX [xxxx] Set/display transmit test frequency
(must be in Setup mode).
RX [xxxx] Set/display receive test frequency.
(must be in Setup mode).
SETUP Enables Setup mode.
Times out after 10 minutes. Press “Q” to
quit.
ZONE DATA Zone data statistics
ZONE CLEAR Clears the Zone Data log
Table 4: Operating Status—Display Only (Continued)
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
05-4481A01, Rev. A GE MDS TransNET Quick Start Guide 5
Successful troubleshooting of an MDS transceiver system is not
difficult, but requires a logical approach. It is best to begin
troubleshooting at the Master station, as the rest of the system
depends on the Master for polling instructions and synchronization
data. If the Master station has problems, the operation of the entire
network will be affected.
When communication problems are found, it is good practice to
begin by checking the basics. All radios in the network must meet
these basic requirements:
• Adequate and stable primary power
• An efficient and properly aligned antenna system
• Secure connections (RF, data & power)
• Proper programming of the radio’s operating parameters,
especially Operating Mode (MODE), Network Address
(ADDR), and interface Baud Rate (BAUD). For TransNET
2400 check the sub-band (BAND).
• The correct interface between the radio and the connected
data equipment (proper cable wiring, data format and timing).
• In store-and-forward systems there are several areas that
should be checked or evaluated:
• Look for duplicate XADDR values on MODE M and MODE X
radios. Duplicates will cause failures unless the radios are too
far apart to hear each other.
• Check for errors in the synchronization qualifiers, XPRI and
XMAP, on corresponding Remote radios.
• Verify SAF is enabled at the Master radio.
4.1 LEDs
Table 6 describes how to use the LEDs as a troubleshooting aid
whenever you suspect a problem with the transceiver.
4.2 Alarm Codes
When an alarm condition exists, the transceiver creates an alarm
code. These codes can be very helpful in resolving many system
difficulties.
4.2.1 Checking for Alarms—STAT command
To check for the presence of alarms, enter STAT. If no alarms
exist, the message NO ALARMS PRESENT appears at the top of
the display.
If an alarm does exist, a two-digit alarm code (00–31) is displayed,
and it is identified as a major or minor alarm. A brief description of
the alarm is also given. Alarm codes and their meanings are listed
in Table 7.
If more than one alarm exists, the word MORE appears at the
bottom of the screen; additional alarms can be viewed by pressing
ENTER.
4.2.2 Major Alarms versus Minor Alarms
Major alarms report serious conditions that generally indicate a
hardware failure, or other abnormal condition that will prevent (or
seriously hamper) further operation of the transceiver.
With the exception of alarm code 00 (network address not
programmed), major alarms generally indicate the need for factory
repair. Contact MDS for further assistance.
Minor alarms report conditions which, under most circumstances,
will not prevent transceiver operation. This includes
out-of-tolerance conditions, baud rate mismatches, etc. The cause
of these alarms should be investigated and corrected to prevent
system failure.
4.0 TROUBLESHOOTING
Table 6: LED Indicator Descriptions
Name Description
PWR • Continuous—Power is applied to the radio; no prob-
lems detected
• Flashing (5 times-per-second)—Fault indication. See
Section 4.0, Troubleshooting.
• Off—Radio is unpowered or in Sleep mode
SYNC Continuous—Radio is receiving/sending synchronization
frames
On within 10 seconds of power-up under normal condi-
tions
TXD Transmit data activity on the DB-9 DATA interface con-
nector
RXD Receive data activity on the DB-9 DATA interface con-
nector
Table 7: Alarm Codes
Alarm
Code Alarm
Type Description
00 Major The network address is not programmed.
01 Major Improper firmware detected for this radio model.
04 Major One or more of the programmable synthesizer
loops is reporting an out-of-lock condition.
08 Major The system is reporting that it has not been calibrat-
ed. Factory calibration is required for proper radio
operation.
10 Major The DSP was unable to properly program the sys-
tem to the appropriate defaults. A hardware prob-
lem may exist.
12 Major Receiver time-out alarm.
16 Minor The unit address is not programmed.
17 Minor A data parity fault has been detected on the DATA
connector. This usually indicates a parity setting
mismatch between the radio and the RTU.
18 Minor A data framing error has been detected on the
DATAconnector. Thismay indicate a baudrate mis-
match between the radio and the RTU.
29 Minor RF output power fault detected. (Power differs by
more than 2 dB from set level.) Often caused by
high antenna system SWR. Check antenna, feed-
line and connectors.
30 Minor The system is reporting an RSSI reading below
–105 dBm.
31 Minor The transceiver’s internal temperature is approach-
ing an out-of-tolerance condition. If the temperature
drifts outside of the recommended operating range
and the transceiver may fail.
GE MDS, LLC
175 Science Parkway
Rochester, NY 14620
MDS TransNET Quick Start Guide General Business: +1 585 242-9600
05-4481A01, Rev. A FAX: +1 585 242-9620
July 2009 Web: www.GEmds.com
4.3 Troubleshooting Chart
Table 8 provides suggestions for resolving system difficulties that
may be experienced in the radio system. If problems persist,
contact the factory for further assistance.
4.4 Technical Assistance
Factory technical assistance is available by contacting GE MDS
during business hours (8:30 AM to 6:00 PM Eastern Time). Use
one of the following means to contact the factory:
Telephone: (585) 241-5510
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.GEmds.com
FAX: (585) 242-8369
Part 15 Notice
This Equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment
in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which
case users will be required to correct the interference at their own
expense.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not
cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received; including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
Warning: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the
manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
Table 8: Troubleshooting Guide
Difficulty Recommended System Checks
Unit is
inoperative a.Check for the proper supply voltage at the power
connector.
b.The transceiver’s internal fusemay have opened.
Interference is
suspected a.Verify that the system has a unique network ad-
dress. Nearby systems with the same address
will cause interference.
b.Check for interference by locking out affected
zone(s) using the SKIP command.
c.If omnidirectional antennas are used on Remote
stations, consider changing to directional anten-
nas. This will often limit interference to and from
other stations.
No synchroniza-
tion with Master,
or poor overall
performance
a.Check for secure interface connections at the ra-
dio and the connected device.
b.Check the antenna, feedline and connectors. Re-
flected power should be less than 10% of the for-
ward power reading (SWR ≈2:1 or lower).
c.If the Remote radio is in synchronization, but per-
formance is poor, check the received signal
strength using the RSSI command. If RSSI is
low, it may indicate antenna problems, or mis-
alignment of directional antenna headings.
d.Verify proper programming of system parame-
ters:mode,networkaddress,datainterfacebaud
rate, transmitter power, CTS delay, etc. For
store-and-forward applications, also verify the
following: SAF is ON; extended address is prop-
erly programmed at each extension; Remotes
are using the proper values for XPRI and XMAP.
e.Check for alarms using the STAT command.
BER is too high.
Data throughput
is spotty
a.The RETRY and REPEAT commands may be in-
creased to deal with interference, or decreased
to increase throughput and reduce latency.
b.Try turning on FEC. FEC on gives some coding
gain, but comes at the cost of reduced through-
put.
Latency is too
high a.Reduce the REPEAT count.
b.Turn BUFF OFF. BUFF ON ensures that no gaps
occur in the data, but this comes at the cost of in-
creased latency.
c.Make sure HOPTIME is set to 7.
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