GRAUPNER Mc-32 HoTT Manuale utente

Programming Manual

33032.mc-32 HoTT.3.en

mc-32

Programming Manual

mc-32

2Table of contents

Shortcuts ............................................................ 32

Warning notices in the display ............................. 33

Function ﬁelds in the display ................................ 34

Entry lockout ....................................................... 34

HIDDEN MODE ................................................... 35

Display contrast .................................................. 35

Language selection

VOICE.................................................. 35

Change of display language ................. 36

Firmware update via SD card ......................... 36

STICK CALIBRATION ..................................... 37

Bluetooth initialization ..................................... 39

Telemetry data display ......................................... 40

Commissioning the transmitter ........................... 48

Transmitter ﬁrmware updates............................... 50

Restoring the transmitter software ....................... 51

Receiver initialization............................................ 52

Receiver ﬁrmware updates .................................. 53

Secure receiver settings....................................... 53

Installation notices................................................ 54

Receiver power supply ........................................ 55

Deﬁnitions of terms................................................... 58

Physical control, switch and control switch assignments ...... 60

Digital trim ................................................................ 62

Winged models...................................................... 64

Receiver layout.................................................... 65

Servos in wrong direction .................................... 66

Helicopter models ................................................. 68

Receiver layout.................................................... 69

Program descriptions

Loading a new memory location.............................. 70

»Model select«....................................................... 73

»Copy / Erase«....................................................... 74

Erase model ....................................................... 74

Copy model Model......................................... 75

Export to SD card............................................... 75

Import from SD card........................................... 76

Copy ﬂight phase................................................ 77

General notices

Warning and note symbols ......................................... 3

Safety notices ........................................................... 4

Safety notices and handling regulations for

Lithium-Ion (LiIo) and Lithium-Polymer (LiPo)

batteries ..................................................................... 8

Environmental protection notices .............................. 10

Foreword.................................................................. 10

Remote control set description ................................. 13

Technical data .......................................................... 16

General operating notices

Transmitter .......................................................... 18

Opening the transmitter housing..................... 18

Transmitter power supply ............................... 18

Recommended chargers (accessory) ............. 19

Battery operation timer ................................. 19

General charging notices................................ 20

Lithium battery CR 2032 .............................. 20

Stick length adjustment .................................. 20

Stick conversions ........................................... 21

Transmitter neckstrap support bars .............. 22

Installation of switches, switch modules and

knob modules ............................................... 22

Aligning the antenna ..................................... 22

Transmitter description

Front side ....................................................... 23

Face-side connectors

Charger socket ............................................. 24

DSC jack........................................................ 24

Mini USB connector ....................................... 25

Data jack........................................................ 25

Card slot ........................................................ 26

Headset connector......................................... 27

Ext. PPM........................................................ 27

SPI ................................................................. 28

Bottom side transmitter interior............................ 29

Display and keypad ............................................. 30

Operating the “data terminal“............................... 31

Table of contents

Changes ............................................................. 77

»Suppress codes«................................................. 80

»Suppress models«............................................... 81

»Basic settings, model«

Winged model .................................................... 82

Binding type .................................................. 83

Binding receivers........................................... 84

Range test..................................................... 88

Helicopter model ................................................ 92

Binding type .................................................. 93

Binding receivers........................................... 94

Range test..................................................... 99

»Model type«........................................................ 104

»Helicopter type«................................................. 108

»Servo adjustment«............................................ 112

»Stick mode«

Winged model .................................................. 114

Helicopter model .............................................. 116

»Control adjust«

Winged model .................................................. 118

Helicopter model .............................................. 122

Throttle limit function ................................... 128

Idle setting................................................... 129

Throttle limit in combination with AR

in the »Stick mode menu«......................... 131

»Dual Rate / Expo«

Winged model .................................................. 132

Helicopter model .............................................. 136

»Channel 1 curve«

Winged model .................................................. 140

Helicopter model .............................................. 143

»Switch display«.................................................. 146

»Control switch«.................................................. 146

»Logical switches«.............................................. 150

How do I program a ﬂight phase?.......................... 152

»Phase settings«

Winged model .................................................. 154

Helicopter model .............................................. 158

»Phase assignment«........................................... 160

»Phase trim« (winged model)............................... 162

Table of contents

»Non-delayed channels«.................................... 163

»Timers (general)«............................................... 164

»Flight phase timers«.......................................... 168

What is a mixer...................................................... 171

»Wing mixers«..................................................... 172

1 aileron............................................................ 175

1 aileron and 1 camber ﬂap.............................. 176

2 ailerons.......................................................... 178

2/4 ailerons and 1/2/4 camber ﬂaps ................. 180

»Helicopter mixer«.............................................. 190

Adjusting the throttle and pitch curve ............... 202

Autorotation setting........................................... 206

General remarks about freely progr. mixers .......... 208

»Free mixers«...................................................... 209

Linear mixers.................................................... 213

Exponential mixers ........................................... 215

Examples.......................................................... 218

»MIX active/phase«.............................................. 220

»Mix only Channel«............................................. 221

»Dual mixer«........................................................ 222

»Swashplate mixer«............................................ 223

»Fail Safe«............................................................ 224

»Teacher/pupil«................................................... 226

Connection schematic ...................................... 229

Wireless HoTT system ..................................... 230

»Transmitter output«........................................... 234

»Pro-trim«

Winged model .................................................. 236

Helicopter model .............................................. 238

»Trim memory«

Winged model .................................................. 240

Helicopter model .............................................. 242

»Telemetry«.......................................................... 244

Important notes ................................................ 244

Setting & dataview............................................ 246

Satellite mode of two receivers ................... 255

Sensor/s ...................................................... 257

Selecting sensor/s ............................................ 258

RF status view.................................................. 259

Select voice update .......................................... 260

»Channel sequence«........................................... 262

»Multichannel«..................................................... 264

»Ring Limiter«...................................................... 268

»MP3-Player«....................................................... 272

»Basic settings«.................................................. 275

»Servo display«................................................... 282

»Servo test«......................................................... 283

»Code lock«......................................................... 284

»Info display«....................................................... 286

Programming examples

Introduction............................................................ 288

Winged model

First steps......................................................... 290

Incorporating an electric drive .......................... 296

C1 stick switchover between

Electric motor and butterﬂy.......................... 300

Electric motor and airbrake ......................... 303

Timer activation by control or switch................. 304

Parallel operating servos.................................. 306

Using ﬂight phases

Example 1 ................................................... 308

Example 2 ................................................... 312

Control of temporal processes ......................... 318

Delta and ﬂying wing models............................ 320

F3A model ........................................................ 324

Helicopter model.................................................... 328

Appendix

FCC declaration..................................................... 342

Conformity declaration........................................... 343

Guarantee certiﬁcate ............................................. 344

Warning and notice

symbols

and their meaning

WARNING:

This symbol highlights the adjacent or follow-

ing instructions, which absolutely must be

adhered to by the user! Any disregard of

these instructions, can affect the safe opera-

tion and safety of the operator as well as

bystanders.

ATTENTION:

This symbol highlights the adjacent or follow-

ing instructions which must be observed by

the user! Any disregard of these instructions

can lead to damage of any kind, loss of guar-

antee and so on.

This symbol without speciﬁc headline empha-

sizes the adjacent or following notes and tips

which should be strictly observed by the user!

Any disregard of these instructions and tips

can result in damage of any kind.

This symbol highlights hints and tips of all

kinds, which should be observed by the user.

This symbol highlights information about

cleaning the device, which should be strictly

observed by the operator in order to ensure a

long life of the device.

4Safety notices

Safety notices

Be sure to pay attention!

In order to enjoy your modelling hobby for a long time,

please read these instructions thoroughly and give

particular attention to the safety notices.

If you are a beginner with remote controlled model

aircraft, ships or cars, you should really ask an expe-

rienced model pilot for assistance.

INTENDED USE

ATTENTION:

This remote control system may only be

used for the purpose intended by the

manufacturer, i.e. for the operation of

unmanned remote controlled models. Any other

usage is not permissible and can cause damages

to the remote control system, to other things and/

or to the people. For damages derived from other

use we offer no warranty and take no liability.

ATTENTION:

NOT SUITABLE FOR KIDS UNDER 14

YEARS OLD, SAFETY IS NO ACCIDENT

and REMOTE CONTROLLED MODELS ARE

NOT TOYS

… because even small models can cause substantial

property damage and/or personal injuries if they are

not handled properly - even if caused by third parties.

This manual is an important part of the set, it

contains important information for a proper

and safe use and maintenance. If this remote

control system changes ownership, these instructions

should surely be included with remote control system.

Failure to comply with the operating instruc-

tions and the safety instructions will void the

warranty.

Other notes and warnings

Technical defects of an electrical or mechanical na-

ture can lead to unexpected startup of a motor and/or

parts being hurled through the air to pose a danger of

injury to you and to others.

Short circuit conditions are to be avoided absolutely!

A short circuit condition may not only destroy parts

of the remote control system but, depending on the

circumstances and the battery energy involved, may

also pose acute danger of incineration or even explo-

sion.

All motor-driven parts, such as aircraft or ship propel-

lers, helicopter rotors, open gearboxes etc. represent

a constant danger. Contact with these parts must be

avoided. A rapidly turning aircraft propeller can, for

example, sever a ﬁnger. Also pay attention that other

objects do not come into contact with driven parts.

When a drive battery is connected or a motor is

running: never get into the danger zone of driving

mechanisms.

Be sure to pay attention that motors do not start up

unintentionally while performing programming opera-

tions. Disconnect the fuel supply or battery terminals

to motors before programming.

Protect all units from dust, dirt, moisture and other

foreign parts. Never expose these units to vibrations

or excessive hot or cold temperatures. Remote con-

trol operation may only be performed under “normal”

outdoor temperatures, i.e. within a range of -10°C to

+55°C.

Avoid mechanical jarring and pressure stresses. Al-

ways check units for damage to housings and cables.

Do not use units which have been damaged or be-

come wet, even after they are dry again.

Only those components and accessories which we

recommend may be used. Always use original Graup-

ner plug and jack connectors which are made for one

another out of the same materials.

When routing cables, pay attention that they are not

stressed, unduly kinked or broken. The sharp edges

of adjacent parts also represent a hazard for insu-

lated conductors.

Be sure that all plug and jack connections are ﬁrmly

seated. Do not pull on the cable to disconnect a

plugged connector.

No modiﬁcations whatsoever may be made to units.

Modiﬁcations will void the operating permit and all

insurance protection. If necessary, send the device

concerned to your local Graupner Service Centre;

see page 343.

Installing the receiver

The receiver is to be installed with a cushion

of foam rubber to afford protection against

jarring; in aircraft models behind a strong rib,

for a car or ship model the location must be protected

against dust and spray water. However, do not en-

close your receiver completely, otherwise it may

overheat in use.

The receiver may not be mounted in direct contact

with the hull or chassis as this would allow motor

vibrations and/or roadway jarring to be transferred

directly to the receiver. When a receiver system is

installed in a model with a combustion motor, all

receiver parts should always be protected against the

intrusion of exhaust gases and oil residue. Above all,

this applies to the model’s ON/OFF switch, which is

typically built into the model’s outer surface.

Position the receiver such that connecting cables to

the servos and the power supply are routed with a bit

of slack and that the receiver’s antennas are at least

5cm away from any large metal parts or wiring except

for other receiver wires/cables. In addition to steel,

this also includes carbon ﬁber parts, servos, electric

motors, fuel pumps and all sorts of cables, etc.

Optimally the receiver should be placed at a readily

accessible location that is well away from all other

Safety notices

Pay attention that no metal parts, e.g. as a result of

rudder actuation, vibration, rotating parts, etc., rub

against one another. Metal-to-metal contact causes

electrical “noise” which can interfere with the correct

operation of the receiver.

Transmitter antenna orientation

Transmission ﬁeld strength is minimal in an imaginary

line extending straight out from the end of the trans-

mitter’s antenna. This means that “pointing” the trans-

mitter’s antenna directly toward the model will not

produce good reception but rather degrade reception.

When multiple remote controls are operating simulta-

neously, pilots should position themselves in a loose

group. Pilots standing off to themselves not only en-

danger their own models but those of others as well.

However, when 2 or more pilots using 2.4 GHz remote

control systems are closer than 5m to one another

this can lead to return channel overdrive which, in

turn, will trigger a range warning much too early.

Increase your distance between one another until the

range warning ceases.

Pre-start checks

Before switching the receiver on, be sure the throttle

control is at its Stop/Idle position.

Always switch the transmitter on rst

and then the receiver.

Always switch the receiver off rst

and then the transmitter.

If this sequence is not maintained, such that the

receiver is still switched on when the corresponding

transmitter is switched to “OFF”, then the receiver

may respond to other transmitters or general radio

frequency noise. This can cause the model to execute

uncontrolled operations that may cause personal

injuries and/or property damage.

In particular, for models equipped with a mechanical

gyro:

before switching off the receiver, disconnect the

model’s power supply to prevent the motor from rev-

ving up unintentionally.

The residual spin of a gyro often produces

so much voltage that the receiver may

falsely interpret a throttle signal! This will

then cause the motor to start up unexpect-

edly.

WARNING:

If this order is not respected, that the receiver

is turned on, but the corresponding transmit-

ter is “OFF”, the receiver could respond by

other transmitters and any interference.

The model can be run as a result uncontrolled steer-

ing movements, thus possibly causing property dam-

age and / or personal injury.

In particular with a mechanical gyro for models:

Before you switch your receiver off, make sure by

interrupting the power supply, that the motor can not

run up unintentionally.

An expiring gyro can generate such a voltage that

the receiver picks up as an apparently valid throt-

tle command. Then, the motor may start uninten-

tionally!

Range test and function test

Perform checks for proper operation and

range before every session. Secure the mod-

el adequately in place and ensure that no one

is in front of the model.

Perform a complete functional test on the ground and

execute a complete simulated ﬂight to exclude the

possibility of system faults or problems with the mod-

el’s programming. When doing this, be sure to follow

the notices provided on pages 88 and 99.

Never operate the transmitter in Model mode, i.e.

for ﬂying or driving, without an antenna. Be sure the

antenna is ﬁrmly seated in its socket.

equipment. Under no circumstances may a servo

cable be wrapped around the antenna or routed close

to it.

Make sure that cables near the antenna cannot move

about during ﬂight.

Routing the receiver’s antennas

The receiver and its antennas must be positioned

as far away as possible from drives of any kind. If

the model’s hull is made of carbon ﬁber material, the

ends of the antennas must extend outside of the hull.

If your model features a carbon ﬁbre fuselage, the

aerial tips must always extend outside the fuselage

for a length of at least 35mm. If this is not possi-

ble, it is essential to substitute longer aerials for the

standard ones (approx. 145mm long) ﬁtted to HoTT

receiver(s).

The orientation of the aerial(s) is not critical, but

it is advantageous to install one receiver aerial in

a vertical–upright – position in the model. If your

receiver is a Diversity type – two aerials – the active

tip of the second aerial should be positioned at 90°

to the tip of the ﬁrst aerial, and ideally the distance

between the two tips should be greater than 125mm.

Servo installation

Always mount servos with the provided rubber vibra-

tion-damper parts, see “installation notes” on page

54. Only in this manner can these parts be pro-

tected against excessively hard vibrations.

Installing control rods

Control rods must be installed such that they operate

freely and smoothly. It is particularly important that

all rudder levers are able to move to their full limits,

i.e. not otherwise mechanically blocked.

In order to be able to stop a running motor at any

time, control rods must be adjusted such that the

carburettor tap is completely closed when the joystick

and trim lever are brought into their end idle position.

6Safety notices

Safety notices

WARNING:

If the range and functional test, and ight

simulation are not carried out in detail and

conscientiously, this may have undetect-

ed malfunction and / or reception failures result in

eg loss of control or even a crash of the model

and can lead to signicant things and / or person-

al injury as a result.

Operating a winged aircraft, helicopter, ship or

car

WARNING:

•

Never y over spectators or other

pilots. Never endanger humans or

animals. Never y in the vicinity of

high-voltage wires. Do not operate the model

in the vicinity of sluice locks or where real

boats or ships are operating. Do not operate a

model on public streets or highways, paths or

plazas, etc.

• Never switch the transmitter off whilst operat-

ing a model! If this should happen acciden-

tally, keep your nerve and wait until the trans-

mitter screen is entirely blank, i. e. until the

transmitter has shut down completely; this

takes at least three seconds. Do not switch

your transmitter on again until this has oc-

curred. If you neglect this, there is a risk that

the transmitter will “hang” immediately after

being switched on, and you will lose control

of the model. In this case your only recourse

is to switch the transmitter off again, allow it

to shut down completely, and then switch on

once more after the correct interval.

Aero-towing

WARNING:

When operating a powered tug, ensure

that the receiving systems in the two

models are always at least 50cm apart. We

recommend the use of satellite receivers in such

situations. If you neglect this, there is a chance of

interference from the downlink channel.

Monitoring transmitter and receiver batteries

You must stop running the model to recharge

the transmitter’s battery no later than when

low transmitter battery voltage triggers the

“Batt must be recharged!!” display and acoustic

signal.

Check the charge in batteries routinely, particularly

the receiver’s battery. Do not wait until the movements

of controlled mechanisms are noticeably slower.

Replace expended batteries before they cause prob-

lems.

The battery manufacturer’s charging instructions are

always to be followed, this includes mandatory ad-

herence to the length of charging time. Never leave

batteries being charged unattended.

Never attempt to charge primary batteries (non-re-

chargeable batteries) because they can explode.

All secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries) must

be charged before every session. To avoid short

circuit conditions, ﬁrst connect the charger cable’s

banana plugs, polarity correct, into the charger and

thereafter connect the charger cable’s plugs to the

transmitter and receiver batteries.

Disconnect all power sources from the model when it

is not to be used for an extended period of time.

Never attempt to use defective batteries, damaged

batteries or mixed-type battery combinations as a sin-

gle group. Do not use mixed combinations of old and

new batteries or batteries of different manufacture.

Capacity and operating time

The rule: “capacity is reduced with every successive

recharging”, applies to all batteries. Internal resist-

ance increases at low temperatures to further reduce

capacity. As a consequence, the battery’s ability to

provide current and hold its voltage is reduced.

Frequent charging or the use of battery maintenance

programs can also result in gradual loss of battery

capacity. Therefore the capacity of batteries should

be checked at regular intervals, not in excess of every

six months, and replaced if performance is found to

be signiﬁcantly deﬁcient.

Purchase only genuine Graupner batteries!

Interference suppression for electric motors

All conventional electric motors produce

sparks between their collector and brushes.

Depending on the type of motor involved, this

may cause more or less interference with the func-

tionality of the remote control system.

The electric motors of a properly built system should

therefore have interference suppression features. For

electric drive models it is particularly important that

every one of its motors is provided with proper inter-

ference suppression. Interference ﬁlters extensively

suppress such disturbances and should always be

included.

Follow the respective recommendations included in

the motor’s operating and installation notices.

For further details about interference ﬁlters, refer to

the Graupner RC main catalog or in Internet at

www.graupner.de.

Servo interference lters for extension cables

No. 1040

The servo interference ﬁlter is necessary when an

extended-length servo cable is used. This ﬁlter is at-

tached directly to the receiver output. In critical cases

a second ﬁlter can be attached to the servo.

Safety notices

Using electronic speed controllers

Choosing the right electronic controller is largely a

matter of matching controller performance to the mo-

tor to be controlled.

In order to prevent an overload or damage to the

speed controller, its current rating should be at least

half of the maximum locked-rotor current draw of the

motor to which it is connected.

Particular attention is appropriate for so-called “tuning

motors”. Because of their low-turns coils these motors

can draw a multiple of their rated current in a locked-

rotor condition and this can lead to the destruction of

the speed controller.

Electric ignition systems

Combustion motor ignition systems also produce

interference that can negatively inﬂuence remote

control functionality.

Always supply power to an electric ignition system

from a separate, dedicated battery.

Use only interference-suppressed spark plugs, spark

caps and shielded ignition leads.

Mount the receiver sufﬁciently far away from ignition

system components.

Static charges

WARNING:

A remote control system will be destroyed

by the magnetic shock waves produced

by a lightning strike–even if the storm is

miles away. Therefore, stop ying right away if a

storm is approaching. Static charging via the

antenna also represents a lethal hazard.

Attention

• In order to fulﬁll FCC HF emission require-

ments for mobile transmitters, a distance

of at least 20cm must be maintained

between this system’s antenna and other persons

when this system is operating. Operation of this

system at a lesser distance is therefore not recom-

mended.

• To avoid disturbance caused by the electrical

characteristics and emissions of other transmit-

ters, keep at least a 20cm distance from other

transmitters.

• Operation of the remote control system requires a

correct program setting for the given country in the

transmitter unit. This is necessary for compliance

with diverse regulations like FCC, ETSI, CE etc.

Follow the respective instructions provided for this

with the transmitter and receiver.

• Prior to every ﬂight, perform a complete functional

test, range test and execute a complete simulated

ﬂight in order to exclude the possibility of system

faults or problems with the model’s programming.

• Never program the transmitter or receiver while

the model is being operated.

Care and maintenance

Never clean the housing, antenna, etc. with

cleaning agents, gasoline, water or similar

means. Use only a dry, soft cloth.

Components and accessories

WARNING:

As manufacturer of this equipment Graup-

ner GmbH & Co. KG recommends only com-

ponents and accessories which have been

tested and approved by Graupner for their suitability,

functionality and safety. If this recommendation is

followed, Graupner accepts responsibility for the

product.

Graupner cannot accept any responsibility for

the parts or accessories of other manufacturers

which have not been approved and Graupner

cannot evaluate every individual product made by

other companies to assess if they are safe to use.

Liability exclusion / damage compensation

This manual serves only as a source of information

and can be changed without prior notiﬁcation. Graup-

ner accepts no responsibility or liability for errors or

inaccuracies which may be contained in this manual.

Graupner cannot monitor compliance with the as-

sembly instructions, the operating instructions or the

conditions and methods under which remote control

components are installed, operated, utilized or main-

tained. Therefore Graupner accepts no form of liability

for loss, damage or costs consequential to incorrect

usage or operation or which can be attributed to

same.

Unless otherwise prescribed by law, the obligation of

Graupner to provide damage compensation, regard-

less of legal grounds, is limited to the invoice value of

the quantity of Graupner goods contributing directly

to the damage-inducing event. This does not apply if

Graupner is found to be subject to unlimited liability

pursuant to binding legal stipulations with respect to

intent or gross negligence.

Furthermore we will only consider claims

if a log le is present; see page 26 un-

der “Data recording” so as page 159

under “Flight time”. For the same reason the

transmitter must always be updated to the latest

software status.

Keep in mind, however, that for technical reasons

during playback of MP3 les NO data recording is

possible.

It is essential that you register at https://www.graup-

ner.de/en/service/product_registration.aspx to ensure

that you are constantly informed of important soft-

ware updates.This is the only means by which we

can automatically keep you aware of new updates by

e-mail.

8Safety notices

Safety notices and handling regulations for Lithium-Ion

(LiIo) and Lithium-Polymer (LiPo) batteries

As applicable for all highly technical products, obser-

vance of the following safety notices and handling in-

structions is essential for a long service life, fault-free

operation, and harmless utilization of lithium/polymer

batteries.

These instructions are to be safeguarded. If the unit is

transferred to another user, these instructions should

certainly be passed along to the new user.

LiIo-/LiPo batteries require particularly attentive han-

dling. This applies to charging, discharging as well

as for storage and other handling. Adherence to the

following special speciﬁcations is necessary:

Special notices for charging LiIo-/LiPo batteries

from Graupner

WARNING:

• Since Graupner GmbH cannot supervise

the correct charging and discharging of

cells, the entire guarantee is void in cases

of improper charging or discharging.

• Only approved chargers with appropriate charging

cables may be used for charging LiIo-/LiPo bat-

teries. Any manipulation to the charger or charger

cables can lead to severe damage.

• The maximum charging capacity must be limited

to 1.05 times the battery’s capacity.

Example: 700mAh battery = 735 mAh max.

charging capacity

• Use only the outlet-charger included with the set

or a specially designed charger/discharger from

Graupner to charge and discharge LiIo-/LiPo bat-

teries, refer to page 18 or www.graupner.de.

• Ensure the settings for the number of cells or for

ﬁnal charging voltage and ﬁnal discharge volt-

age are correct. Be sure to observe the operating

instructions for your charger/discharger.

• Under these conditions Graupner LiIo-/LiPo bat-

teries can be charged with a maximum of 2C (the

value 1C corresponds to the cell capacity) charg-

ing current. At a voltage of maximum 4.2V per cell

and above, charging must continue a constant

voltage of 4.2V per cell until charging current

drops below 0.1 … 0.2A.

• The permissible temperature range for charging

and storing LiIo-/LiPo batteries is 0 … +50 °C.

• Never leave batteries being charged unattended.

• The battery to be charged must be placed on a

non-combustible, heat resistant, non-conducting

surface during the charging process. Combustible

or readily ignited objects are to be kept away from

the charging conﬁguration. Batteries may only be

charged under supervision.

• Avoid short circuit. Never pierce a LiIo/LiPo bat-

tery, by doing it you may cause a short circuit and

a ﬁre, explosion and other problems.

• Charging voltage over 4.20V per cell must be

avoided absolutely as the cell would otherwise be

permanently damage and could cause a ﬁre. In or-

der to prevent the over-charging of individual cells

in a pack, a cut-off voltage between 4.1 … 4.15V

per cell should be set to increase service life.

• Incorrect handling can lead to explosions, ﬁre,

smoke and poisoning hazards. Furthermore,

disregard for instructions and warnings can lead to

performance losses and other defects.

• Before every use check the state of your batteries.

Damaged or ruined batteries or cells should not

be used.

• LiIo/LiPo batteries contain electrolytes and elec-

trolyte vapours which are unhealthy. Never enter in

touch directly with electrolytes. In case of contact

with eyes, skin or other parts of the body, wash

soon with a lot of water and call soon a doctor.

• The battery’s capacity is reduced by every charge/

discharge cycle. Storing the battery at tempera-

tures which are too high or too low can also lead

to a gradual reduction in capacity. In model opera-

tion, battery capacity drops to about 50 … 80 %

of new battery capacity after about 50 charge/dis-

charge cycles–even though all charge/discharge

rules are followed. This is due in part to the high

discharge currents and inductive currents caused

by motors.

• Never attempt to charge battery cells with the

wrong polarity. Abnormal chemical reactions

take place when batteries are charged with re-

versed polarity and the battery will be useless.

This can cause breaks, smoke and ames.

• Battery packs may only be connected in series or

parallel in exceptional cases as cell capacities and

charged state can differ too greatly. This is why the

battery packs we deliver are selected.

• LiIo-/LiPo batteries connected in series within

a pack may only be charged as a group if the

voltage of individual cells do not differ by

more than 0.05 V. The LiIo battery included

with the set is equipped with a special safety

circuit such that “compensation” for voltage

differences between individual cells, by way of

an otherwise typical balancer plug connection,

is not necessary.

• Individual battery cells and batteries are not toys

and must therefore not get into the hands of chil-

dren. Batteries/cells must be kept out of the reach

of children.

Safety notices

• Batteries must not get into the vicinity of babies or

small children. If a battery is swallowed, immedi-

ately go to a doctor or emergency medical facility.

• Batteries must not be put in a microwave oven or

put under pressure. Smoke, ﬁre and more can be

the consequences.

• Never dismantle a LiIo-/LiPo battery. Dismantling

a battery can cause internal short-circuits. Gas,

ﬁre, explosions and other problems can result.

• The electrolyte and electrolytic vapors in LiIo-/LiPo

batteries are harmful. Absolutely avoid all direct

contact with electrolytes. If electrolytes come into

contact with skin, eyes or other body parts, im-

mediately wash out or rinse out with generous

amounts of fresh water then be sure to consult

a doctor.

• Batteries built into equipment must always be

removed from that equipment when it is not cur-

rently in use. Always switch off equipment after it is

used to prevent deep discharging. Always charge

batteries before it is too late. Store batteries on a

non-combustible, heat resistant, non-conducting

surface! Deep-discharged LiIo-/LiPo batteries are

defective and may no longer be used!

Storage

LiIo-/LiPo cells should have a 10 … 20%

charge capacity when stored. If cell voltage

drops below 3V, then LiIo-/LiPo cells must

absolutely be recharged to a capacity of 10 … 20%

of full capacity. Otherwise, further deep-discharging of

the battery will make it useless during storage in a

discharged state.

Special notices for discharging LiIo-/LiPo

batteries from Graupner

• A continuous current rate of about 1C

does not represent a major problem for

Graupner LiIo-/LiPo batteries. For larger

currents, please follow the catalog speciﬁcations.

In any case, observe the maximum current rating

for the connector system, see maximum discharge

current on the battery.

• Discharging below 2.5V per cell damages cells

permanently and is therefore to be avoided abso-

lutely.

Short circuit conditions are to be avoided

absolutely. Permanent short circuits lead to

destruction of the battery, high temperatures and

perhaps even self-ignition may follow.

• During discharge, battery temperature must not

rise, in any case, to over +70°C. Otherwise, better

cooling or a lower rate of discharge must be in-

troduced. The temperature can easily be checked

with the infrared thermometer, No. 1963. The bat-

tery must never be discharged via the transmitter’s

charging socket. This socket is not suitable for this

purpose.

Other handling notices

• Never short-circuit the battery. A short-

circuit allows very high current to ﬂow and

this heats up the cells. This will lead to

loss of electrolyte, the production of gases and

perhaps even explosions. In the vicinity of, or while

handling, Graupner LiIo-/LiPo batteries, avoid

electrically conducting surfaces because of the

danger of creating a short-circuit condition.

• Battery packs may only be connected in series or

parallel in exceptional cases as cell capacities and

charged state can differ too greatly. This is why the

battery packs we deliver are selected.

Handling connectors

• These connectors are not as robust as for

other batteries. This applies particularly to

the plus pole connector. The connections

can easily be broken off. Due to thermal transfer,

the connector tabs may not be soldered directly.

• The connections of LiLo / LiPo batteries are not

as robust as those of other batteries. This applies

in particular to the positive pole connection. The

connections can easily break off.

Cell connection

Direct soldering on battery cells is not

permitted.

The heat of direct soldering can damage

battery components, such as separator or isolator.

Battery connections should only be made by

industrial spot welding. A professional repair made

by the manufacturer or distributor is necessary to

replace missing or torn-off cables.

Replacing individual battery cells

The replacement of battery cells may only be

made by the manufacturer or distributor and

never by the user himself.

Damaged cell usage

Damaged cells may never be used or

returned to service.

Characteristics of damaged cells include:

damaged housing packing, deformed battery cells,

electrolyte or leaking electrolyte. In these cases,

further use of the battery is not permissible.

Damaged or useless cells are hazardous waste items

and must be appropriately disposed.

General warning notices

Batteries must never be put in ﬁre or burned.

Battery cells must not be submerged in liq-

uids, such as water, seawater or beverages.

Any contact with liquids, of whatever nature, is to be

avoided.

10 Foreword

Notes for environmental protection

Notice for remote control set mc-32 HoTT

No. 33016 / 33020

These radio control sets are ﬁtted as stand-

ard with a LiIo transmitter battery with integral

protective circuit (changes reserved). Once

the factory preset voltage limit of 3.60V has been

reached, a warning will appear in the display.

Disposal of used batteries

Some countries have laws requiring that all

used batteries be turned over to an author-

ized collection centre.

Disposing of batteries along with common household

garbage is forbidden. Old batteries can be turned into

communal collection centres for disposal at no charge

or they can be returned to one of our dealerships or

anywhere else where batteries of that given type are

sold. Used batteries we have delivered can also be

sent back to us, at your cost, through the mail. Use

the return address below:

Graupner GmbH

Service: Used batteries

Henriettenstr. 94-96

D-73230 Kirchheim unter Teck

This represents an essential contribution to environ-

mental protection.

Caution:

Damaged batteries require among

other things, special packaging,

because they are very toxic!

Environmental protection notices

The symbol on this product, its operating

instructions or packaging gives notice that

this product may not be discarded as com-

mon household waste at the end of its service life. It

must be turned over to a recycling collection point for

electric and electronic apparatus.

The materials can be recycled according to their

markings.You make an important contribution to

protection of the environment by utilizing facilities for

reuse, material recycling or other means of exploiting

obsolete equipment.

Batteries must be removed from the

unit and disposed of separately at an

appropriate collection point.

Please inquire with local authorities

about the responsible waste collection

locations.

This manual serves only as a source of infor-

mation and can be changed without prior noti-

ﬁcation. Graupner accepts no responsibility or

liability for errors or inaccuracies which may be con-

tained in the information section of this manual.

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