Hoyer HMA4 Manuale utente

Electric Motors

Motor Manual

Motor

Manual

Contents

1 Notice.......................................3

1.1 General information ..........................3

1.2 Safety instructions............................3

1.2.1 Operation ...................................3

1.2.2 Lifting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.2.3 Transport....................................3

2 Ex nA/ec and tc motors .......................4

2.1 Cable glands and connection...................4

2.2 Maintenance and spare parts ..................4

2.3 Frequency converter operation .................4

3 Receipt, transport and storage..................5

3.1 Receipt and transport .........................5

3.2 Storage......................................5

4 Installation and commissioning ................7

4.1 General .....................................7

4.2 Support and alignment........................7

4.3 Measure the insulation resistance ..............7

5 Electrical connection and cabling ...............9

5.1 Direction of rotation ..........................9

5.2 Terminal box and terminal board ...............9

5.3 Connection diagram .........................10

6 Thermal protection ..........................11

6.1 Thermal protection with thermistors (PTC)......11

6.2 Thermal protection with bimetal switches ......11

6.3 Temperature monitoring with Pt100 sensors ....11

6.4 Heater strip.................................11

7 Motor data and parts ........................12

7.1 Exploded view of motor and cross-section view..12

7.2 Bearing types for motor sizes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

7.3 Permissible axial and radial bearing loads.......17

8 Frequency converter operation ................30

8.1 Operating speed .............................30

8.2 Winding insulation ..........................30

8.3 Bearing deterioration in relation to VFD.........30

8.4 Additional solutions for limitation

of bearing currents ..........................31

8.5 Hoyer VFD application suggestions.............31

9 Operation ..................................32

9.1 Considerations ..............................32

9.2 Checklist ...................................32

9.3 Cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

9.4 Motor operation with a VFD ...................33

9.5 Operating speed .............................33

10 Maintenance................................34

10.1 General ....................................34

10.2 Bearings and re-greasing .....................34

11 Disposal and environmental protection ........37

11.1 Product disposal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.2 RoHS and REACH ............................37

11.3 Electric motors ..............................37

11.4 Packaging material ..........................37

Motor

Manual

1 Notice

This manual must be followed to ensure proper and safe

installation, operation and maintenance of the motor. Prod-

ucts must be handled by qualiﬁed personnel, and health

and safety requirements and national legislation must be

observed. Ignoring these instructions will invalidate all ap-

plicable warranties of Hoyer Motors.

1.1 General information

This manual concerns the following types of standard low

voltage induction motors from Hoyer Motors: HMA4, HMC4,

HMA3, HMC3, HMA2, HMC2, HMD, HMT, MS, Y2E1, Y2E2,

YDT. Explosion-proof low voltage motors are not covered by

this manual.

All motors are manufactured in accordance with IEC/

EN 60034-1 and IEC/EN 60072 unless otherwise speciﬁed.

Motors are rated as standard for the ambient temperature

range of -20°C to +40°C and site altitudes up to 1000 m above

sea level. Low voltage motors are components for installa-

tion in machinery. The motors are CE marked according to

the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU.

Motors not fulﬁlling the IE3 efﬁciency level must, before the

1st of July 2021, be equipped with variable frequency drives

(VFD) when used in the EU. Information about the required

use of a VFD must be shown on the nameplate or an ad-

ditional label or plate, and in the technical documentation

of the motor.

1.2 Safety instructions

Personnel who commission, transport, maintain or install

motors should have obtained qualiﬁed training and safety

knowledge. Safety equipment is necessary to prevent ac-

cidents. Local regulations and requirements must also be

observed. Failure in operation can cause injury to personnel

and damage to the motor.

The speciﬁed data and recommendations must be observed to

avoid hazardous situations and the risk of injury or damage.

Custom designs and other non-standard motors can vary in

technical details. If in doubt contact Hoyer Motors, stating

the type designation and serial number of the motor.

1.2.1 Operation

For safe operation it must be ensured that no external parts

interfere with the rotating shaft.

The shaft key must be securely fastened in the keyway be-

fore the motor is started. If the motor is run for no-load

testing, the key must be ﬁxed in the keyway or removed.

The motor must be handled and operated properly to avoid

accidents during operation. If the motor is not running

properly, switch off the power supply. The power supply

must be switched off when troubleshooting.

Maintenance is required and must be done on a regular ba-

sis to prevent failures.

1.2.2 Lifting

For safety reasons all Hoyer motors with frame size 100 or

larger are equipped with eyebolts for lifting. Before lifting

the motor, ensure that the eyebolts are undamaged and

screwed tight. When lifting the motor, make sure that the

motor is not attached to any equipment or mounted by the

feet, shaft or ﬂange. Only use the main eyebolts on the mo-

tor frame to lift the motor. Do not use damaged eyebolts.

If crane slings are used, prevent them from slipping and

maintain full control when lifting the motor.

1.2.3 Transport

The motor must be ﬁxed on a pallet (by ropes, cables, bolts,

etc.) during transport. This means it must be secured so

it cannot move or be damaged during transport. Broken

equipment and unstable machines can cause serious inju-

ries.

Motor

Manual

2 Ex nA/ec and tc motors

Below information is a special note for Ex nA/ec and tc mo-

tors.

Designation of motors is according to EN/IEC standard: II 3D

Ex tc IIIB T120°C Dc and II 3G Ex nA/ec IIC T3 Gc. The motors

must only be connected to certiﬁed Ex relays. The hazard-

ous 3-phase asynchronous motors are in accordance with

EU directive 2014/34/EU and international standards EN/IEC

60079-0, EN/ IEC 60079-07, EN/IEC 60079-15 and IEC 60079-

31. Only one electrical installation may be installed in one

speciﬁed area(zone). For Ex ec parameter Time E must be

taken into account.

2.1 Cable glands and connection

Only Ex certiﬁed cable glands may be used. Unused glands

must be closed by Ex certiﬁed blind caps.

When connecting, make sure that a permanently safe elec-

trical connection is maintained, both for the main supply

and earth connection. Installations must be in accordance

with actual standards for installation in hazardous area.

2.2 Maintenance and spare parts

The user is responsible for changing parts in accordance

with life time of arts, in particular: bearings, grease and lu-

brication of shaft sealings. Installation, maintenance, repair

and replacement of parts in this type of motors must only

be carried out by qualiﬁed specialists according to EU di-

rective 99/92, EN/IEC 60079-14, EN/IEC 60079-17 and EN/IEC

60079-19.

It is recommended that the IEC standard is followed ac-

cording to the temperature and dust on the motor surface.

Surface dust must not cause increase of motor tempera-

ture. Regularly cleaning is recommended. The radial shaft

sealing ring is part of the EX certiﬁcation. It is important

that the sealing rings are intact. The shaft sealing must be

checked regularly, and if it is dry it must be lubricated. It

is recommended that the motors are re-lubricated regular-

ly. When replacing seal rings, use original ones. Replacing

bearings also means replacing the seals. All machines must

be inspected regularly for mechanical damage.

2.3 Frequency converter operation

For converter use, PTC has to be connected and only for

quadratic torque application, in frequency range 20-60Hz,

switching frequency ≥2000 Hz and Inverter output du/dt ≤

1350V/0,8µs by reinforced winding du/dt ≤1560V/0,5µs

Motor

Manual

3 Receipt, transport and storage

3.1 Receipt and transport

Upon receipt and for transport:

• Use transport locks for all transport operations.

• Avoid moisture and shocks during transport.

• Check the motor for external damage.

• If damage is found, inform the sales representative of

Hoyer Motors.

• Check all nameplate data and compare it with the re-

quirements for the motor.

• Remove transport locks if present.

• Turn the shaft by hand to check for free rotation.

3.2 Storage

• Ensure the use of correct lifting lugs. Lifting lugs are

dimensioned for the weight of the motor.

• Do not apply extra weight.

• If necessary, use suitable special equipment such as

lifting gear and ropes.

• Store in a dry, dust-free and vibration-free location.

• Carefully consider long-term storage procedures.

Short-term storage (less than 2 months)

The motor should be stored in a place with a controllable

environment. A good warehouse or storage location has:

• Measure the insulation resistance and temperature

of the windings to check whether the motor has been

stored improperly, even for a short time.

• A stable temperature, preferably in the range from 10°C

(50°F) to 50°C (120°F). If the anti-condensation heaters

are energised and the surrounding air is above 50°C

(120°F), ensure that the motor is not overheated.

• Low air humidity, preferably below 75%. The motor

temperature must be kept above the dew point shown

in the ﬁgure to prevent water vapour from condensing

inside the motor. If the motor is equipped with anti-

condensation heaters, they should be energised. Proper

operation of the anti-condensation heaters must be

checked periodically. If the motor is not equipped with

anti-condensation heaters, other methods of heating

the motor must be used to prevent water vapour from

condensing in the motor.

• A stable support free from excessive vibration and

shocks. If vibration levels are expected to be too large,

the motor should be isolated by placing suitable rubber

blocks under the motor feet.

• Air that is ventilated, clean and free from dust and cor-

rosive gases.

• Protection against harmful insects, vermin and chemi-

cals.

Long-term storage (more than 2 months)

In addition to the measures described for short-term stor-

age, the following actions are necessary:

• Measure the insulation resistance and temperature

of the windings to check whether the motor has been

stored improperly, even for a short time.

• Check the condition of the paintwork every three

months. If corrosion is seen, remove it and apply a new

coat of paint.

• Check the condition of the anti-corrosion coating on

bare metal surfaces every three months. If corrosion is

seen, remove it gently with emery cloth and apply an

anti-corrosion coating.

• Provide small ventilation openings if the motor is

stored in a wooden crate. Prevent water, dust and in-

sects from entering the crate.

Motor

Manual

Outdoor storage

If the motor must be stored outdoors, never leave the motor

as is in the standard transport packaging. Instead the motor

must be:

• Taken out of its plastic wrap.

• Covered to completely prevent rain from entering the

motor. The cover should allow ventilation of the motor.

• Placed on at least 100 mm (4”) high rigid supports, to

ensure that no moisture can enter the motor from be-

low.

• Protected against harmful insects and vermin.

• Packed in special outdoor packaging.

Drain plugs

The motor is equipped with drain plugs to let condensa-

tion water drain out. The drain plugs should be open when

stored.

Horizontal mounting: For horizontally mounted motors,

drain plugs are ﬁtted at each end of the motor.

Vertical mounting: For vertically mounted motors, a mini-

mum of two drain plugs are ﬁtted on the lower end shield.

Motor

Manual

4 Installation and commissioning

4.1 General

To ensure correct protection and connection of the motor,

check the nameplate data before installation and commis-

sioning. Before working on the motor, disconnect and lock

out the power supply. Before starting the motor, remove the

transportation bracket and clean the shaft, feet and ﬂange

to remove the protective coating. It is recommended to

grease the bearing during initial commissioning according

to Table 15, Re-greasing interval and amount.

When performing installation and commissioning, make

sure that the motor is earthed. When making insulation re-

sistance measurements for commissioning, short the wind-

ing terminals before disconnecting the test leads to avoid

the risk of electric shock. If the motor windings have been

in contact with sea water, they must be inspected (contact

Hoyer Motors).

Avoid resonances with a rotational frequency at twice the

mains frequency due to assembly. Turn the rotor and listen

for abnormal rubbing noises. Check the direction of rota-

tion with the motor uncoupled. When mounting or remov-

ing couplings or other drive elements, cover them with a

touch guard.

For a test run with the motor uncoupled, secure or remove

the key(s) on the rotor shaft. Avoid excessive radial and

axial bearing loads, except with roller bearings or angular

contact bearings (see section 6.2).

Rotor balance:

• Half key as standard: Couplings must be half key bal-

anced. If part of the shaft key is visible, be sure to per-

form mechanical balancing.

• Full key (non-standard): Couplings must be balanced

without a key.

Ensure the required ventilation and clearance from other

objects; see section 8.4. Do not obstruct ventilation open-

ings, and ensure that exhaust air from other equipment is

not drawn into the ventilation openings. Otherwise the mo-

tor may overheat.

4.2 Support and alignment

The end-user is fully responsible for construction of the

support. The contact surface for the motor feet or ﬂange

must be free of paint, dirt and other objects. Otherwise the

motor height may be incorrect or the motor may be mis-

aligned.

Mount the motor on a sturdy, clean and ﬂat support. It must

be sufﬁciently rigid to withstand short circuit forces. It is

important to ensure that the mounting conditions do not

cause resonance at the rotational frequency or twice the

supply frequency.

Always use suitable tools to mount or remove drive com-

ponents. Do not hit the drive components with a hammer,

as this can damage the bearings or degrade the balancing.

The rotors are balancing with a half key for G2.5 according

to ISO 21940-11. Make sure that the drive components are

the same. Correct alignment is essential to avoid bearing

failure, shaft failure and vibration failure. Use only suita-

ble alignment methods. Re-check the alignment after ﬁnal

tightening of the bolts or studs. Check that drain holes and

plugs face downwards and are fully functional and unob-

structed. With a motor that is installed outdoors or that

does not run continuously, open the drain hole so the motor

housing is ventilated.This keeps the motor dry if a heater is

not ﬁtted in the motor or not energised.

Check these measurements before adjusting the alignment

- not all variants are covered:

• Vertical positioning: To avoid motor tipping and bend-

ing, use shims to stabilise the motor.

• Horizontal positioning: Fix the motor axial position and

make sure the axial gap is uniform.

• Stable support: Vibration free, accurate machine align-

ment and balanced drive.

• Foot/Foot-ﬂange mounting: Mount the motor with

the right bolts and tightening torques. Make sure the

motor feet and/or ﬂange bolts are in full contact with

the mounting surface.

4.3 Measure the insulation resistance

Before commissioning, check the datasheet and measure

the insulation resistance without any supply wires con-

nected, as they can distort the measurement. If the meas-

Motor

Manual

ured insulation resistance is less than 10 MΩat 25°C, the

winding must be oven dried. The nominal value is typically

100 MΩ. If the measured value is less than 2 MΩ, the insu-

lation resistance is not acceptable. When oven drying the

windings, set the oven temperature to approximately 85°C

for 10 to 18 hours, followed by 100°C for 7 to 9 hours. The

nominal insulation resistance drops by 50% for every 20°C

rise in motor temperature. Measuring equipment must al-

ways be calibrated at least every year. Note that drain plugs

or valves must be open during heating. After heating, make

sure the plugs are ﬁtted again.

Motor

Manual

5 Electrical connection and cabling

The motors are designed to operate with supply variations

conforming to IEC 60034-1, Zone A: ±5% voltage and ±2%

frequency. The motors will operate with greater variations

according to Zone B of IEC 60034-1 section 7.3, but with larg-

er variation in performance.

Three-phase motors manufactured by Hoyer Motors are

designed according to IEC 60038 and IEC 60034-1 and can

operate with the rated power and torque load within the

mains voltage and frequency variations of zone A and, for a

short time, of zone B.

Single-phase Hoyer motors can operate under these condi-

tions with mains voltage and frequency variations of ±5%

and ±1%, respectively. If the voltage variation is greater, sin-

gle-phase motors can only be operated with the torque load

adjusted in proportion to the voltage dip.

Earthing must be carried out according to local regulations

before the motor is connected to the supply voltage.

5.1 Direction of rotation

Motors are supplied as standard with clockwise rotation as

seen from the drive end. The phase sequence is L1, L2, L3

as connected to the terminals shown in Figure 1. To change

the direction of rotation, change the phase sequence by (for

example) swapping L1 and L2. If the motor is unidirectional,

make sure the shaft rotates in the same direction as the

marked arrow.

5.2 Terminal box and terminal board

The terminal box contains the earthing terminal, terminal

board and terminals for heating elements and temperature

sensors (PTC and Pt100). Other auxiliary devices may also

be located in the terminal box. Hoyer motors are equipped

with three PTC sensors as standard. Heating elements are

common in Hoyer marine motors with frame size 160 or

larger.

Before working on the motor or attached machinery:

• Ensure that all supply voltages are switched off and

protected against reactivation.

• Switch off auxiliary power circuits for accessories such

as anti-condensation heaters.

• Check the supply voltage and frequency by comparing

them with the rated data on the nameplate and the

data sheet.

• Ensure that the terminal box is clean and dry.

• Close unused cable glands with blind caps.

• Check the terminal box cover gasket before reﬁtting.

Always use suitable cable lugs for connection of all main

supply cables and cables for auxiliary devices, and ensure

that cables are corrected to the correct terminals.

Unless otherwise stated, motors are only intended for ﬁxed

installation. Cable glands/blind caps for entry points are met-

ric. If cable glands or blind caps are replaced, the replace-

ments must be at least the same IP class as the existing items.

Connection diagrams for the main supply and accessories

such as PTC sensors or heaters are located inside the termi-

nal box or cast in the terminal box cover.

All crimped connections should be made according to

IEC 60352-2.

Tightening torques for terminal board studs:

Thread M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M14 M16 M20

T (Nm) 1.8 2.5 3.5 7.0 12 18 35 55 80

Table 1 Terminal board tightening torques

Tightening torques for terminal box cover:

Thread HMA -

HMC -

HMA -

HMC -

M6 M8 M10 M12

T (Nm) 1.1-1.3 2-4 1.1-1.3 2-4 6-8 15.5-17.5 31-35 56-60

Table 2 Terminal box cover tightening torques

To comply with EMC requirements and provide proper

earthing, cables must be shielded and EMC cable glands are

recommended. All incoming parts must have the same po-

tential as the motor.

Cable glands and seals in cable entries must be suitable

for the type and diameter of the cable concerned (clamp-

ing range). It is recommended that cables are mechanically

protected and clamped close to the terminal box to fulﬁl the

requirements of IEC 60079 and local requirements.

Motor

Manual

5.3 Connection diagram

As standard all three-phase motors are suitable for 400 V

connection, unless otherwise stated.

• Motors with nameplate data D/Y 230/400V are connect-

ed as star (Y).

• Motors with nameplate data D/Y 400/690V are connect-

ed as delta (D).

The connection diagram is labelled inside the terminal box.

Generally, power to motors must be supplied and protected

through protective devices such as RCDs, fuses, MCBs, MC-

CBs, etc. The connection diagram for Y/D is shown in Fig-

ure 1.

Figure 1 Connection types Y/D

Star-delta starting

Hoyer standard motors are suitable for star-delta starting.

The starting current and torque in Y mode are approxi-

mately one-third of the starting current and torque in D

mode. Make sure there is enough starting torque to acceler-

ate the total load with star connection.

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