HP B1476 68020 Manuale utente

User’s Guide

HP B1476

68020/030

Debugger/Emulator

Notice

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Printing History

Neweditionsare complete revisions ofthe manual. The date on the title page

changes only when a new edition is published.

A software code maybe printed before the date;this indicatesthe version level

ofthe software product at the time the manual wasissued. Manyproduct

updates and fixes do not require manual changes, and manual corrections may

be done without accompanyingproduct changes. Therefore,do not expect a

one-to-one correspondence between product updates and manual revisions.

Edition 1 B1476-97006, July 1992

Certification and Warranty

Certification and warrantyinformation can be found at the end ofthismanual

on the pagesbefore the back cover.

iii

Debugging C Programs for 68020/030

Microprocessors

The HP B1476 68020/030 Debugger/Emulator is a debugging tool for 68020

and 68030 microprocessor code. The debugger loads and executes C programs

or assemblylanguage programson an HP 64748 or HP 64747 emulator. The

code is executed in real time unless a specificfeature of the debugger or

emulator requires halting the processor. The emulator functions as a

high-speed execution environment for the debugger.

With the Debugger, You Can ...

•Browse and edit C and C+ + source files.

•ViewC and C+ + functions on the stack.

•Monitor variables as the program executes.

•Viewassemblylanguage code with source lines.

•Viewregisters and stack contents.

•Step through programsbyC or C+ + source lines or byassemblylanguage

instructions.

•Stop programsupon the execution ofselected instructions or upon a read

or write ofselected memorylocations.

•Create conditional breakpoints using macros.

•Patch C or C+ + code without recompiling.

•Collect microprocessor bus-level data as the program executes. You can

specifywhen data should be collected and which states get saved.

•Simulate input and output devices using your computer’s keyboard,

display, and file system.

•Save and execute command files.

•Log debugger commands and output.

•Examine the inheritance relationshipsofC+ + classes.

•Use the debugger, the emulator/analyzer, and the Software Performance

Analyzer together.

With the Graphical Interface You Can ...

•Use the debugger under an X WindowSystem that supports OSF/Motif

interfaces.

•Enter debugger commands using pull-down or pop-up menus.

•Set source-level breakpoints using the mouse.

•Create custom action keys for commonlyused debugger commands or

command files.

•Viewsource code, monitored data,registers, stack contents,and backtrace

information in separate windows on the debugger’smain display.

•Access on-line help information.

•Quicklyenter commands usingthe guided syntaxof the standard interface.

With the Standard Interface You Can ...

•Use the debugger with a terminal or terminalemulator.

•Quicklyenter commands using guided syntax, command recall, and

command editing.

•Viewsource code, monitored data,registers, stack contents,and backtrace

information in separate windows on the debugger’smain display.

•Define your own screensand windowsin the debugger’s main display.

•Access on-line help information.

In This Book

This book is organized into five parts:

Part 1. Quick Start Guide

An overviewofthe debugger and a short lesson to get you started.

Part 2. User’s Guide

Howto use the debugger to solve your problems.

Part 3. Concept Guide

Background information on X resources.

Part 4. Reference

Descriptions of what each debugger command does,details of how the

debugger works, and a list of error messages.

Part 5. Installation

Howto install the debugger software on your computer.

Contents

Part 1 Quick Start Guide

1 Getting Started with the Graphical Interface

The GraphicalInterface at a Glance 5

Pointer and cursor shapes 5

The Debugger Window 6

Graphical Interface Conventions 8

Mouse Buttons 9

Platform Differences 10

The Quick Start Tutorial 11

The Demonstration Program 11

To prepare to run the debugger 12

To start the debugger 13

To activate displayarea windows 15

To run until main() 16

To scroll the Code window 17

To displaya function 18

To run until a line 19

To edit the program 20

To displayinit_system() again 21

To set a breakpoint 21

To run until the breakpoint 22

To patch code using a macro 23

To delete a single breakpoint 25

To delete all breakpoints 25

To step through a program 26

To run until a stack level 26

To step over functions 27

To step out ofa function 27

To displaythe value of a variable 27

To change the value of a variable 28

vii

To recall an entrybuffer value 29

To displaythe address of a variable 30

To break on an accessto a variable 31

To use the command line 32

To use a C printf command 32

To turn the command line off 33

To trace events following a procedure call 34

To see on-line help 35

To end the debugging session 36

2 Getting Started with the Standard Interface

The Standard Interface At a Glance 38

The Quick Start Tutorial 40

Before You Begin 40

The Demonstration Program 40

To copythe demonstration files 41

To start the debugger 42

To enter commands 43

To activate displayarea windows 43

To displaymain() 44

To displaya subroutine 44

To set a breakpoint 45

To run the demo program 45

To step through the program 46

To step over functions 46

To delete a breakpoint 46

To displayvariables in their declared type 47

To displaythe address of a variable 47

To use a C printf command 48

To break on an accessto a variable 48

To displayblocks ofmemory 49

To monitor variables 50

To modifya variable byenteringa C expression 50

To end the debugging session 51

Contents

viii

Part 2 User’s Guide

3 Entering Debugger Commands

Using Menus, the EntryBuffer, and Action Keys 59

To choose a pull-down menu item using the mouse (method 1) 59

To choose a pull-down menu item using the mouse (method 2) 60

To choose a pull-down menu item using the keyboard 61

To choose pop-up menu items 62

To use pop-up menu shortcuts 63

To place values into the entrybuffer using the keyboard 63

To copy-and-paste to the entrybuffer 63

To recall entrybuffer values 65

To edit the entrybuffer 66

To use the entrybuffer 66

To copy-and-paste from the entrybuffer to the command line entryarea 66

To use the action keys 67

To use dialog boxes 68

To accesshelp information 72

Usingthe Command Line with the Mouse 73

To turn the command line on or off 74

To enter a command 75

To edit the command line usingthe command line pushbuttons 76

To edit the command line usingthe command line pop-up menu 77

To recall commands 77

To get help about the command line 78

Usingthe Command Line with the Keyboard 79

To enter debugger commands from the keyboard 79

To edit the command line 81

To recall commands usingthe command line recall feature 81

To displaythe help window 82

Viewing Debugger Status 84

Debugger Status 84

Indicator Characters 85

CPUEmulated 85

Current Module 85

Contents

Last Breakpoint 86

Trace Status 86

Ifpop-up menusdon’t pop up 87

4 Loading and Executing Programs

Compiling Programs for the Debugger 90

Using a Hewlett-Packard C Cross Compiler 90

Using Microtec Language Tools 92

Loading Programs and Symbols 94

To specifythe location ofC source files 94

To load programs 95

To load programs only 96

To load symbols only 97

To append programs 97

To specifydemand loading of symbols 98

Stepping Through and Running Programs 100

To step through programs 100

To step over functions 101

To run from the current PC address 102

To run from a start address 102

To run until a stop (break) address 103

Using Breakpoints 105

To set a memoryaccess breakpoint 105

To set an instruction breakpoint 107

To set a breakpoint for a C+ + object instance 109

To set a breakpoint for overloaded C+ + functions 110

To set a breakpoint for C+ + functions in a class 110

To clear selected breakpoints 111

To clear all breakpoints 112

To displaybreakpoint information 112

To halt program execution on return to a stack level 115

RestartingPrograms 116

To reset the processor 116

To reset the program counter to the startingaddress 116

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