HP 8414A Manuale di servizio

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CERTIFICATION

Hewlett-Packard

Company

certifies

that

this

product

met

its

published

specifications

at

the

time

of

shipment

from

the

factory.

Hewlett-Packard

further

certifies

that

its

calibration

measurements

are

traceable

to

the

United

States

National

Bureau

of

Standards,

to

the

extent

allowed

by

the

Bureau’s

calibration

facility,

and

to

the

calibration

facilities

of

other

International

Standards

Organization

members.

WARRANTY

This

Hewlett-Packard

instrument

product

is

warranted

against

defects

in

material

and

workmanship

for

a

period

of

one

year

from

date

of

shipment.

During

the

warranty

period,

Hewlett-Packard

Com¬

pany

will,

at

its

option,

either

repair

or

replace

products

which

prove

to

be

defective.

For

warranty

service

or

repair,

this

product

must

be

returned

to

a

service

facility

designated

by

HP.

Buyer

shall

prepay

shipping

charges

to

HP

and

HP

shall

pay

shipping

charges

to

return

the

product

to

Buyer.

However,

Buyer

shall

pay

all

shipping

charges,

duties,

and

taxes

for

products

returned

to

HP

from

another

country.

HP

warrants

that

its

software

and

firmware

designated

by

HP

for

use

with

an

instrument

will

execute

its

programming

instructions

when

properly

installed

on

that

instrument.

HP

does

not

warrant

that

the

operation

of

the

instrument,

or

software,

or

firmware

will

be

uninterrupted

or

error

free.

LIMITATION

OF

WARRANTY

The

foregoing

warranty

shall

not

apply

to

defects

resulting

from

improper

or

inadequate

maintenance

by

Buyer,

Buyer-supplied

software

or

interfacing,

unauthorized

modification

or

misuse,

operation

outside

of

the

environmental

specifications

for

the

product,

or

improper

site

preparation

or

main¬

tenance.

NO

OTHER

WARRANTY

IS

EXPRESSED

OR

IMPLIED.

HP

SPECIFICALLY

DISCLAIMS

THE

IM¬

PLIED

WARRANTIES

OF

MERCHANTABILITY

AND

FITNESS

FOR

A

PARTICULAR

PURPOSE.

EXCLUSIVE

REMEDIES

THE

REMEDIES

PROVIDED

HEREIN

ARE

BUYER’S

SOLE

AND

EXCLUSIVE

REMEDIES.

HP

SHALL

NOT

BE

LIABLE

FOR

ANY

DIRECT,

INDIRECT,

SPECIAL,

INCIDENTAL,

OR

CONSE¬

QUENTIAL

DAMAGES,

WHETHER

BASED

ON

CONTRACT,

TORT,

OR

ANY

OTHER

LEGAL

THEORY.

ASSISTANCE

Product

maintenance

agreements

and

other

customer

assistance

agreements

are

available

for

Hewlett-

Packard

products.

For

any

assistance,

contact

your

nearest

Hewlett-Packard

Sales

and

Service

Office.

Addresses

are

provided

at

the

back

of

this

manual.

8414A

POLAR

DISPLAY

SERIAL

NUMBERS

This

manual

applies

directly

to

instruments

with

serial

numbers

prefixed

981

and

1144A.

With

changes

described

in

Section

VII,

this

manual

also

applies

to

instruments

with

serial

numbers

pre¬

fixed

936

and

940.

For

additional

important

information

concerning

serial

numbers,

see

INSTRUMENTS

COVERED

BY

MANUAL

in

Section

I.

This

manual

does

not

apply

to

serial

numbers

pre¬

fixed

933

and

below.

Copyright

HEWLETT-PACKARD

COMPANY

1970

1501

PAGE

MILL

ROAD,

PALO

ALTO,

CALIFORNIA,

U.

S.

A.

MANUAL

PART

NO.

08414-90016

Microfiche

Part

No.

08414-90013

Printed

SEPT.

1973

Whol

HEWLETT

mLnM

Packard

Table

of

Contents

Model

8414A

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

Section

Page

I

GENERAL

INFORMATION

.1-1

1-1.

Description

.1-1

1-4.

Equipment

Supplied

.1-2

1-6.

Instruments

Covered

by

Manual.

1-2

1-

10.

Options

.

1-2

II

INSTALLATION

.2-1

2-

1.

Initial

Inspection.2-1

2-3.

Repackaging

for

Shipment

.

.

2-1

2-4.

Using

Original

Packaging

.

.

2-1

2-8.

Using

Other

Packaging

.

.

.

2-1

2-10.

Preparation

for

Use.2-1

2-11.

Installation.2-1

2-

13.

Power

Requirements

....

2-1

III

OPERATION

.3-1

3-

1.

Introduction.3-1

3-3.

Panel

Features

.3-1

3-5.

Measurement

Procedures

.

.

.

3-1

3-7.

Operating

Information

....

3-1

3-8.

Polar

Display

of

Reflection

Coefficient

and

Phase

Angle

.

3-1

3-10.

High

Resolution

Display

of

Reflection

Coefficient

Meas¬

urements

.3-1

3-12.

Polar

Display

of

Return

Loss

.

3-3

3-15.

Polar

Display

of

Transmission

Measurements

.3-3

3-20.

Scattering

Parameters

Measure¬

ment

.3-4

3-22.

Polar

Display

of

Normalized

Impedance

and

Admittance

.

3-4

3-24.

Alternate

Smith

Chart

Over¬

lays

.3-5

3-29.

Marking

Frequency

on

the

Display

.3-5

3-31.

Display

Blanking

.3-5

'

3-33.

Increased

Accuracy

for

Reflec¬

tion

Measurements

by

Min¬

imizing

Directivity

Errors

.

3-5

3-36.

H26-8414A

Polar

Display

...

3-7

Section

Page

IV

PERFORMANCE

TESTS

.4-1

4-1.

Introduction.4-1

4-4.

Equipment

Required

.4-1

4-6.

Test

Record

.4-1

4-8.

Accuracy

Test

.4-3

4-9.

Horizontal

and

Vertical

Output

Tests

.4-4

4-

10.

Marker

and

Blanking

Input

Tests

4-4

V

ADJUSTMENT

PROCEDURES

...

5-1

5-

1.

Introduction.5-1

5-5.

Factory

Selected

Components

.

5-1

5-7.

Equipment

Required

.5-1

5-9.

Trace

Alignment

and

Vertical

Gain

Adjustment

.5-4

5-10.

Phase,

Recorder

Gain

and

Pattern

Shape

Adjustments

.

5-6

5-11.

Astigmatism

Adjustment

.

.

.

5-8

5-12.

Illumination

Adjustment

.

.

.

5-8

5-13.

Intensity

Adjustment.5-9

5-14.

Manual

Beam

Centering

Zero

Adjustment

.5-10

5-

15.

Phase

Zero

Adjustment

....

5-12

VI

REPLACEABLE

PARTS.6-1

6-

1.

Introduction.6-1

6-

3.

Ordering

Information.6-1

VII

MANUAL

CHANGES

.7-1

7-

1.

Introduction.7-1

VIII

SERVICE.8-1

8-

1.

Introduction.8-1

8-3.

Principles

of

Operation

....

8-1

8-5.

Troubleshooting

.8-1

8-7.

Recommended

Test

Equipment

.

8-1

8-9.

Repair..

.

8-1

8-10.

Part

Location

Aids

.8-1

8-12.

Circuit

Board

Repair

....

8-1

8-15.

Component

Replacement

.

.

8-1

8-17.

Transistor

Replacement

.

.

.

8-2

8-19.

Diode

Replacement.8-2

8-21.

Schematic

Diagrams

.8-3

li

Model

8414A

List

of

Illustrations

LIST

OF

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure

Title

Page

Figure

Title

Page

1-1.

Model

8414A

Polar

Display

....

1-0

8-6.

Conversion

of

Typical

Time-

8-8

3-1.

Model

8414A

Front

and

Rear

Panel

Amplitude

Graph

to

Polar

Graph

.

Features

.

3-2

8-7.

Polar

Vector

of

Test

Signal

....

8-8

3-2.

Return

Loss

Overlay

.

3-3

8-8.

Horizontal

and

Vertical

Vectors

Re-

3-3.

Typical

Smith

Chart

Display

of

Nor-

quired

to

Deflect

CRT

Beam

.

.

8-9

malized

Impedance

.

3-4

8-9.

Vector

Graph

of

a

Typical

Test

8-9

3-4.

Smith

Chart

Plot

of

Admittance

Signal

.

Point

.

3-5

8-10.

Simplified

Overall

Block

Diagram

8-9

3-5.

CRT

Overlays

.

3-6

8-11.

Test

Point

Locations

.

8-11

3-6.

Measured

Reflection

Coefficient

.

.

3-7

8-12.

Detailed

Block

Diagram.

8-11

3-7.

Locus

of

Measured

Reflection

when

8-13.

Phase

Shifter

and

Phase

Detectors,

Load

is

Moved

.

3-7

Component

Identification

....

8-13

3-8.

Locus

of

Measured

Reflection

with

8-14.

Phase

Shifter

and

Phase

Detectors,

Directivity

Cancelled

.

3-7

Schematic

Diagram

.

8-13

3-9.

Reflection

Coefficient

Measurement

3-8

8-15.

Low

Pass

Filters

and

Horizontal

and

3-10.

Transmission

Measurement

....

3-10

Vertical

Drivers,

Component

Iden-

3-11.

Typical

Polar

Displays

During

Initial

tification

.

8-15

Calibration

Adjustment.

3-11

8-16.

Low

Pass

Filters

and

Horizontal

and

3-12.

Model

8414A-H26

Polar

Display

and

Vertical

Drivers,

Schematic

Automatic

System

Interface

Block

3-12

Diagram

.

8-15

Diagram.

8-17.

Intensity

Modulator,

Component

4-1.

Performance

Test

Equipment

Setup

.

4-2

Identification

.

8-17

5-1.

Setup

for

Trace

Alignment

and

Vert-

8-18.

Intensity

Modulator,

Schematic

Di-

ical

Gain

Adjustment

.

5-5

agram

.

8-17

5-2.

Setup

for

Phase,

Recorder

Gain

and

8-19.

CRT

High

and

Low

Voltage

Supplies

Pattern

Shape

Adjustments

.

.

.

5-7

and

+150

Volt

Supply,

Component

5-3.

Setup

for

Manual

Beam

Centering

Identification

.

8-19

Zero

Adjustment

.

5-11

8-20.

CRT

High

and

Low

Voltage

Supplies

5-4.

Setup

for

Phase

Zero

Adjustment

5-13

and

+150

Volt

Supply,

Schematic

6-1.

Cabinet

Parts

.

6-11

Diagram

.

8-19

8-1.

Examples

of

Diode

and

Transistor

8-21.

Mainframe

Plug-In

Connector

Detail

Marking

Methods.

8-3

for

H26-8414A.

8-20

8-2.

General

Information

on

Schematic

8-22.

Mainframe

Plug-In

Connector

Detail

Diagrams

.

8-5

for

Standard

8414A

.

8-21

8-3.

Schematic

Diagram

Notes.

8-6

8-23.

Interconnection

Diagram

.

8-21

8-4.

Setup

for

Troubleshooting

....

8-7

8-24.

Location

of

Adjustments,

Chassis-

8-5.

Phase

and

Amplitude

Relationship

of

8-8

mounted

Parts

and

Major

Assem-

Typical

Reference

and

Test

Signals

blies.

8-23

LIST

OF

TABLES

Table

Title

Page

Table

Title

Page

1-1.

Specifications

.

1-1

6-3.

Parts

List

Indexed

by

HP

Part

Num-

4-1.

Recommended

Test

Equipment

4-1

ber

.

6-12

4-2.

Performance

Test

Record

....

4-5

6-4.

Code

List

of

Manufacturers

....

6-15

5-1.

Recommended

Test

Equipment

5-2

8-1.

Recommended

Test

Equipment

.

.

8-0

5-2.

Adjustment

Controls

and

Functions

5-3

8-2.

Printed

Circuit

Soldering

Equipment

8-2

6-1.

Reference

Designations

and

Abbrevi

8-3.

Ohmmeters

Used

for

Transistor

Test-

ations

.

6-1

ing

.

8-4

6-2.

Parts

List

Indexed

by

Reference

Des

8-4.

Out-of-Circuit

Transistor

Testing

8-5

ignation

.

6-2

8-5.

Intensity

Modulator

DC

Voltage

Measurements

.

8-16

iii

Section

I

General

Information

Model

8414A

Model

8414A

Section

I

General

Information

SECTION

I

GENERAL

INFORMATION

1-1.

DESCRIPTION.

1-2.

The

Hewlett-Packard

Model

8414A

Polar

Dis¬

play

(Figure

1-1)

is

a

plug-in

display

unit

for

Hewlett-Packard

Model

8410A

and

Model

8407A

Network

Analyzers.

It

displays,

in

polar

form

on

a

five-inch

CRT,

the

relative

phase

and

magnitude

of

the

signals

applied

to

the

Network

Analyzer.

1-3.

The

CRT’s

internal

graticule

has

five

circular

magnitude

divisions

and

36

radial

ten-degree

phase

divisions.

Full

scale

magnitude

calibration

is

deter¬

mined

by

controls

on

the

Network

Analyzer.

The

internal

graticule,

augmented

by

a

set

of

snap-on

overlays,

allows

the

display

to

be

read

directly

in

reflection

coefficient,

impedance

or

return

loss

for

maximum

convenience

in

viewing

and

photo¬

graphing

displays.

An

additional

convenience

for

photographing

displays

is

provided

by

panel-

controlled,

internal

graticule

illumination

elimi¬

nating

the

need

for

an

ultraviolet

light

source

in

the

camera.

A

beam

centering

pushbutton,

in

con¬

junction

with

continuous

action

positioning

con¬

trols,

permits

easy

initial

calibration

and

accuracy¬

improving

offset

adjustments.

Rear-panel

blanking

and

marker

inputs

accept

externally-generated

signals

for

between

sweep

display

blanking

and

for

frequency

marking

by

beam

brightening.

The

hori¬

zontal

and

vertical

components

of

the

polar

display

are

available

at

separate

rear-panel

outputs

for

driv¬

ing

external

displays

such

as

X-Y

graphic

recorders.

The

polar

display

is

fully

transistorized,

except

for

the

CRT,

and

is

powered

by

the

Network

Analyzer

mainframe.

Complete

specifications

are

given

in

Table

1-1.

Table

1-1.

Specifications

Range:

Normalized

polar

coordinate

display;

magnitude

calibration

20

percent

of

full

scale

per

division.

Scale

factor

is

a

function

of

gain

setting

on

Network

Analyzer.

Max¬

imum

scale

factor

10,

minimum

0.0316.

Phase

is

calibrated

in

ten-degree

increments

over

360-degree

range.

Accuracy:

Error

circle

on

CRT

less

than

3

mm

radius.

Output:

Two

dc

outputs

provide

horizontal

and

'

vertical

components

of

polar

quantity.

For

full

scale

deflection

output

is

nominally

±2.5

volts,

source

impedance

less

than

100

ohms,

minimum

bandwidth

(3

dB)

10

kHz.

Drift:

CRT,

<±0.2

mm/°C;

auxiliary

outputs,

<±10

mV/°C.

Beam

Center:

Pressing

BEAM

CTR

pushbutton

simulates

zero

signal

input

to

test

channel

and

allows

convenient

beam

position

adjust¬

ment

for

reference.

CRT:

Five-inch,

5-kV

post

accelerator

tube

with

P-2

phosphor

and

internal

polar

graticule.

Marker

Input

(rear

panel):

Accepts

frequency

marker

output

pulse

from

HP

8690-series

or

690-series

Sweep

Oscillators,

-5

volts

peak.

Trace

is

brightened

for

duration

of

marker

pulse.

Blanking

Input

(rear

panel):

Accepts

-4

volt

blanking

pulse

from

HP

8690-series

and

690-series

Sweep

Oscillators

to

blank

re¬

trace

during

sweep

operation.

Background

Illumination:

Controls

intensity

of

CRT

background

illumination

for

photog¬

raphy.

Eliminates

need

for

ultraviolet

light

source

in

oscilloscope

camera

when

photo¬

graphing

internal

graticule.

Power:

Additional

35

watts

supplied

by

Net¬

work

Analyzer.

Weight:

Net,

11

lb

(4,9

kg).

Dimensions:

6

in.

high,

15-9/16

in.

deep,

7-9/32

in.

wide

(15,2

x

39,

5

x

18,

6

cm),

exclud¬

ing

front

panel

knobs.

1-1

Section

I

General

Information

Model

8414A

1-4.

EQUIPMENT

SUPPLIED.

1-5.

The

Polar

Display

has

16

chart

overlays

provided

as

accessories,

12

Smith

Chart

and

four

return

loss

overlays.

These

overlays

are

plastic

sheets

that

snap

onto

the

face

of

the

CRT.

Three

different

Smith

Chart

scale

factors

are

used

and

four

different

styles

of

each

scale

are

supplied

for

different

applications

(refer

to

Figure

3-5).

1-6.

INSTRUMENTS

COVERED

BY

MANUAL

1-7.

This

instrument

has

a

two-part

serial

number.

The

first

four

digits

and

the

letter

comprise

the

serial

number

prefix.

The

last

five

digits

form

the

sequential

suffix

that

is

unique

to

each

instrument.

The

contents

of

this

manual

apply

directly

to

in¬

struments

having

the

same

serial

number

prefix(es)

as

listed

under

SERIAL

NUMBERS

on

the

title

page.

1-8.

An

instrument

manufactured

after

the

print¬

ing

of

this

manual

may

have

a

serial

prefix

that

is

not

listed

on

the

title

page.

This

unlisted

serial

pre¬

fix

indicates

that

the

instrument

is

different

from

those

documented

in

this

manual.

The

manual

for

this

instrument

is

supplied

with

a

yellow

Manual

Changes

supplement

that

contains

“change

inform¬

ation”

that

documents

the

differences.

1-9.

For

information

concerning

a

serial

number

prefix

not

listed

on

the

title

page

or

in

the

Manual

Changes

supplement,

contact

your

nearest

Hewlett-

Packard

office.

1-10.

OPTION

1-11.

The

Option

H26

modification

to

the

stand¬

ard

8414A

Polar

Display

allows

computerized

control

of

magnitude

and

phase

data

in

the

8542A

series

Automatic

Network

Analyzer

systems.

See

Figure

3-12

for

further

information.

1-2

Model

8414A

Section

I

General

Information

SAFETY

CONSIDERATIONS

GENERAL

This

product

and

related

documentation

must

be

reviewed

for

familiarization

with

safety

markings

and

instructions

before

operation.

This

product

has

been

designed

and

tested

in

accordance

with

inter¬

national

standards.

SAFETY

SYMBOLS

SAFETY

EARTH

GROUND

This

is

a

Safety

Class

I

product

(provided

with

a

protective

earthing

terminal).

An

uninterruptible

safety

earth

ground

must

be

provided

from

the

main

power

source

to

the

product

input

wiring

ter¬

minals,

power

cord,

or

supplied

power

cord

set.

Whenever

it

is

likely

that

the

protection

has

been

impaired,

the

product

must

be

made

inoperative

and

be

secured

against

any

unintended

operation.

Instruction

manual

symbol:

the

product

will

be

marked

with

this

symbol

when

it

is

necessary

for

the

user

to

refer

to

the

instruc¬

tion

manual

(refer

to

Table

of

Contents).

Indicates

hazardous

voltages.

Indicates

earth

(ground)

terminal.

BEFORE

APPLYING

POWER

Verify

that

the

product

is

configured

to

match

the

available

main

power

source

per

the

input

power

configuration

instructions

provided

in

this

manual.

If

this

product

is

to

be

energized

via

an

autotrans¬

former

make

sure

the

common

terminal

is

con¬

nected

to

the

neutral

(grounded

side

of

mains

supply).

WARNING

CAUTION

The

WARNING

sign

denotes

a

hazard.

It

calls

attention

to

a

procedure,

practice,

or

the

like,

which,

if

not

correctly

performed

or

adhered

to,

could

result

in

personal

injury.

Do

not

proceed

beyond

a

WARNING

sign

until

the

indicated

conditions

are

fully

understood

and

met.

The

CAUTION

sign

denotes

a

hazard.

It

calls

attention

to

an

operating

procedure,

practice,

or

the

like,

which,

if

not

correctly

performed

or

adhered

to,

could

result

in

damage

to

or

destruc¬

tion

of

part

or

all

of

the

product.

Do

not

proceed

beyond

a

CAU¬

TION

sign

until

the

indicated

conditions

are

fully

understood

and

met.

SERVICING

WARNING

Any

servicing,

adjustment,

maintenance,

or

repair

of

this

product

must

be

per¬

formed

only

by

qualified

personnel.

Adjustments

described

in

this

manual

may

be

performed

with

power

supplied

to

the

product

while

protective

covers

are

removed.

Energy

available

at

many

points

may,

if

contacted,

result

in

per¬

sonal

injury.

Capacitors

inside

this

product

may

still

be

charged

even

when

disconnected

from

its

power

source.

To

avoid

a

fire

hazard,

only

fuses

with

the

required

current

rating

and

of

the

specified

type

(normal

blow,

time

delay,

etc.)

are

to

be

used

for

replacement.

1-3/1-4

Model

8414A

Section

II

Installation

SECTION

II

INSTALLATION

2-1.

INITIAL

INSPECTION.

2-2.

Inspect

the

instrument

for

shipping

damage

as

soon

as

it

is

unpacked.

Check

for

broken

knobs

and

connectors;

inspect

cabinet

and

panel

surfaces

for

dents

and

scratches.

Check

electrical

perform¬

ance

using

procedures

in

Section

IV.

If

the

instru¬

ment

is

damaged

in

any

way,

or

fails

to

operate

properly,

notify

the

carrier

and

your

nearest

Hewlett-Packard

Sales

and

Service

Office.

In

the

event

of

mechanical

damage,

the

packing

material

and

carton

should

be

held

for

carrier’s

inspection.

For

assistance

of

any

kind,

including

instruments

under

warranty,

contact

the

nearest

Hewlett-

Packard

Sales

Office.

2-3.

REPACKAGING

FOR

SHIPMENT.

2-4.

Using

Original

Packaging.

2-5.

The

same

type

containers

and

materials

used

in

factory

packaging

can

be

obtained

through

any

Hewlett-Packard

office.

2-6.

If

the

Model

8414A

is

being

returned

to

Hewlett-Packard

for

servicing,

attach

a

tag

indi¬

cating

the

type

of

service

required,

return

address,

model

number

and

full

serial

number.

Also,

mark

the

container

FRAGILE

to

assure

careful

handling.

2-7.

In

any

correspondence

refer

to

the

instru¬

ment

by

model

number

and

full

serial

number.

2-8.

Using

Other

Packaging.

2-9.

The

following

general

instructions

should

be

used

when

repackaging

with

commercially-available

materials:

a.

Wrap

the

8414A

in

heavy

paper

or

plastic.

(If

shipping

to

a

Hewlett-Packard

serivce

office

or

center,

attach

a

tag

indicating

the

type

of

service

required,

the

return

address,

model

number

and

full

serial

number.)

b.

Use

a

strong

shipping

container.

A

double¬

wall

carton

made

of

350

pound

test

material

is

adequate.

c.

Use

enough

shock-absorbing

material

(three

to

four

inch

layer)

around

all

sides

of

the

instrument

to

provide

firm

cushion

and

prevent

movement

inside

the

container.

Protect

the

control

panel

with

cardboard.

d.

Seal

the

shipping

container

securely,

and

mark

it

FRAGILE

to

assure

careful

handling.

e.

In

any

correspondence

refer

to

the

instru¬

ment

by

model

number

and

full

serial

number.

2-10.

PREPARATION

FOR

USE.

2-11.

Installation.

2-12.

Instructions

for

installing

the

Polar

Display

in

the

Network

Analyzer

mainframe

are

in

the

Net¬

work

Analyzer

Operating

and

Service

manual.

2-13.

Power

Requirements.

2-14.

The

Polar

Display

obtains

power

from

the

Network

Analyzer

mainframe

through

the

rear

connector,

when

it

is

properly

installed.

2-1