IBM System/370 Manuale utente

Systems

A Guide

to

the IBM System/370

Model 165

This guide presents hardware, programming systems, and

other pertinent information about the

IBM

System/370

Model 165 that describes its significant new features and

advantages. Its contents are intended

to

acquaint the

reader with the Model 165 and

to

be

of

benefit in

planning for its installation.

First Edition (June 1970)

This guide

is

intended for planning purposes only.

It

will be updated from

time to time to reflect system changes; however, the reader should remember

that

the authoritative sources

of

system information are the Systems Reference

Library (SRL) publications for the Model 165, its associated components and

its programming support. These publications will ftrst reflect such changes.

Copies

of

this and other

IBM

publications can be obtained through

IBM

branch

offIces.

A form has been provided

at

the back

of

this publication for readers' comments.

If

this form has been removed, address comments to:

iBM

Corporation,

Technical Publications Department, 112 East Post Road, White Plains, New York

10601.

PREFACE

Page ofGC20-1730-0

Revised 11/20/70

By

TNL GN20-2277

It

is

assumed

that

the

reader

of

this

document

is

familiar

with

System/360.

The

reader

should

have

a

general

knowledge

of

System/360

architecture,

channels,

I/O

devices,

and

programming

systems

support.

This

guide

highlights

only

those

Model

165

hardware,

I/O,

and

programming

systems

features

that

are

different

from

those

of

System/360

models

and

discusses

their

significance.

Additional,

more

detailed

information

regarding

System/370

Model

165

hardware

and

programming

systems

support

can

be

found

in

the

following

SRL

publications:

IBM

System/370

Model

165

Functional

Characteristics

(GA22-6935)

IBM

System/370

Principles

of

Operation

(GA22-7000)

IBM

System/370

System

Summary

(GA22-7001)

IBM

System/370

I/O

configurator

(GA22-7002)

Component

Summary:

3830

Storage

Control,

3330

Disk

Storage

(GA26-1592)

IBM

System/360

Component

Description:

2835

Storage

Control

and

2305

Fixed

Head

Storage

Module

(GA26-1589)

3211

Printer

and

3811

Control

Unit

Component

Description

(GA24-3543)

IBM

Component

Description:

3803/3420

Magnetic

Tape

Subsystem

(GA32-0020)

Form-Design

Considerations

-

System

Printers

(GA24-3488)

Emulating

the

7070/7074

on

the

IBM

System/370

Model

165

using

OS/360

(GC27-6948)

Emulating

the

709,

7090,

7094,

709411

on

the

IBM

System/370

Model

165

using

OS/360

(GC27-6951)

Emulating

the

7080

on

the

IBM

System/370

Model

165

using

OS/360

(GC27-6952)

IBM

System/360

Operating

System:

Planning

for

the

IBM

3211

Printer,

Data

Management

Macro-Instructions

and

Services

(GC21-5008)

Page

of

GC20-173(}-0

Revised

11/20/70

By

TNL

GN20-2277

CONTENTS

Section

01:

System

Highlights.

• . • .

Section

10:

Architecture

and

System

Components

10:05

Architecture

Design

•.••.•..•.

1

6

10:10

The

Central

Processing

Unit

(CPU)

and

the

system

Console.

8

Central

Processing

Unit.

. . .

•.•

Instruction

and

Execution

Units

••..

Local

Storage

and

Control

Storage

.•.

• • • • 8

Program

States

and

System

Interrupts

• . • • • • 9

9

CPU

Features

• . • • • • • • .

CPU

Cooling.

• • • • •

Motor

Generator

Set.

.

System

Console

• • . • •

10:15

Storage

•.••••••••

Processor

(Main)

Storage

••••

·

11

·

13

·

14

·

15

Processor

Storage

Reconfiguration.

• . • • • • •

..

18

Storage

Ripples.

• • • • •

High-Speed

Buffer

Storage.

• • . • .

10:20

Channels

•••••••••••

General

Description.

• • • • • • • . . • • • •

The

2880

Block

Multiplexer

Channel

•

·

19

24

·

24

·

28

10:25

Block

Multiplexing

Operations

with

Rotational

Position

Sensing

Devices.

• • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • •

Summary

of

Block

Multiplexing

Operations

with

I/O

Devices.

• • • • • • • • • • • •

••

• • • • •

10:30

Standard

and

Optional

System

Features.

Standard

Features.

•

Optional

Features.

•

Section

20:

I/O

Devices

••••

20:05

I/O

Device

Support.

20:10

3330

Disk

Storage

and

3830

Storage

Control.

20:15

The

2305

Fixed

Head

Storage

Module

and

2835

Storage

Control

Models

1

and

2 • • • • •

Data

Recording

on

the

Model

2

••

Data

Recording

on

the

Modell

••

·

30

• • •

33

34

· .

35

36

·

36

·

41

· .

42

·

43

• • •

45

Effective

Capacity

of

2305

Facilities

••

Rotational

Position

Sensing

and

Multiple

Requesting

••.

47

20:

20

The

3211

Printer

• • • • • • • • • • •

20:25

The

3803/3420

Magnetic

Tape

Subsystem.

·

50

·

51.1

Section

30:

Programming

Systems

Support.

• • .

52

30:05

Trends

in

Data

Processing

and

Programming

Systems..

.

52

30:

10

OS

Support

. • . • • • • . • . .

53

Section

40:05

40:10

40:15

40:20

40:

Emulator

Programs.

•

•••••

Features

Common

to

7000-Series

Emulator

Programs

7070/1074

Emulator

Program

• • • • • •

709/7090/7094/709411

Emulator

Program.

7080

Emulator

Program.

• • . •

Section

50:

Reliability,

Availability,

and

Serviceability

(RAS)

Features

• •

50:05

Introduction

••

t:::'7

• ..J I

·

57

60

•

63

66

69

• 69

50:10

Recovery

Features.

• • . • • • • • • • • . • •

70

Automatic

CPU

Retry.

. • • • •

70

Eec

Validity

Checking

on

Processor

Storage

.

I/O

Operation

Retry.

• . • . • .

Expanded

Machine

Check

Int.errupt

Facilities.

Recovery

Management

Support

(RMS) -

as

MFT

and

M~~

•

MeR

and

CCll

Routines

~

• • • . .

Error

Recovery

Procedures

(ERP'

s).

• •

71

•

73

74

• •

79

•

79

·

81

I

50:15

50:20

Page

of

GC20-1730-0

Revised 11/20/70

By

TNL GN20-2277

Statistical

Data

Recorder

(SDR)

and

Outboard

Recorder

(OBR) • • • • • • • •

Environment

Recording,

Edit,

and

Print

Program

• • • • .

82

(EREP).

• 82

I/O

RMS

(APR

and

OOR).

• • • • • • •

Advanced

Checkpoint/Restart

and

Warm

Repair

Features.

• • • • • • • • • • •

OLTEP

and

OLT's.

• • • • • • •

•••

Processor

Logout

Analysis

Program.

•

• • • . .

82

Start

Facilities

•.

83

·

83

•

84

· 84

System

Test,

Channel

Test,

CPU

Test,

and

Storage

Test

Programs

• • • • • • • • • • • •

Microdiagnostics

•

RAS

summary.

• • •

•

85

·

85

•

85

Section

60:

programming

Systems

Preinstallation

Planning

• •

87

60

:

05

OS

MFT

and

MVT

Transition.

• • • • • • • • • • • 87

Existing

Processing

Programs

and

Job

Control

•

Conversion

to

3330

and

2305

Facilities

• • • •

Conversion

to

the

3803/3420

Magnetic

Tape

Subsystem.

•

88

·

88

•

89

60:10

Planning

Optimal

System

Performance,

Using

Block

Multiplexer

Channels

and

RPS

Devices

•

System

Configuration

and

Generation.

Job

Scheduling

• • • • • • •

Data

Management

Parameters

• • •

90

·

90

•

91

• 92

60

:15

OS

Portability

• • • • • • • • •

60:20

Use

of

Other

Programming

Systems

•

93

•

94

Section

70:

Comparison

Table

of

Hardware

and

OS

Features

for

Index

• • •

FIGURES

10.05.1

10.10.1

10.15.1

10.15.2

10.15.3

10.15.4

10.15.5

10.15.6

20.10.1

20.15.1

20.15.2

20.15.3

20.25.1

40.05.1

50.10.1

50.10.2

50.10.3

50.10.4

System/360

Model

65

and

System/370

Model

165

•••

97

System/370

Model

165

system

elements

• • • • •

Conceptual

flow

of

the

water

cooling

system

in

the

Model

165.

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Model

165

processor

storage

configurations

• •

Model

165

storage

components

and

controls

•••

Conceptual

data

flow

in

the

Model

165

•••••

8K

Buffer

organization

• • • • •

Processor

storage

address

format

for

buffer

reference.

Buffer

address

format.

• • • • • • • • •

The

3330

facility.

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Top

view

of

a

2305

Model

2

disk

surface

••••••

.105

7

12

16

·

17

20

·

22

·

23

·

23

•

37

• 43

·

45

2305

Model

1

module.

• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Multiple

requesting

on

the

2305

facility

• • • •

48

Tape

switching

configurations

for

the

3803/3420

Magnetic

Tape

Subsystem.

• • • • • • • •

•••

51.6

Partition

or

region

layout

for

a

7000-series

emulator

program

job

step

• • •

.'

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .

58

Data

representation

used

in

Model

165

processor

storage.

72

Data

representation

used

in

Models

65

and

75

and

in

the

Model

165

in

other

than

processor

storage.

. 72

Model

165

fixed

storage

locations.

• •

75

Machine

check

code

-

Model

165

• • • • • • • 77

TABLES

20.10.1

20.10.2

20.10.3

20.15.1

20.15.2

20.15.3

20.25.1

20.25.2

40.10.1

40.10.2

40.15.1

40.15.2

40.20.1

40.20.2

50.10.1

Page

of

GC20-1730-0

Revised

11/20/70

By

TNL GN20-2277

capacity

and

timing

characteristics

of

the

3330

and

2314

facilities

and

the

2321

Data

Cell

Drive.

• • • . 38

3336

and

2316

Disk

Pack

characteristics.

• • • • . 38

Hardware

features

of

3330

and

2314

facilities.

• .

41

Effective

capacity

of

the

2305

Model

2,

the

2305

Modell

and

the

2301

for

various

block

sizes

with

a

25-byte

key.

46

Effective

capacity

of

the

2305

Model

2,

the

2305

Modell

and

the

2301

for

various

block

sizes

when

records

are

written

without

a

key.

• • • • • • • • • • • . • . 46

2305

facilities

and

2301

Drum

storage

characteristics

•.

49

3803

control

unit

configurations

and

capabilities

with

Dual

Density

and

Seven-Track

features

3420,

2420

and

2401

Magnetic

Tape

unit

.

51.5

characteristics.

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

51.9

7074

hardware

and

I/O

devices

supported

by

the

Model

165

7074

Emulator

Program.

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

61

7074

I/O

devices

and

features

not

supported

by

the

7074

Emulator

program

for

the

Model

165.

• • •

7094

hardware

and

I/O

devices

supported

by

the

7094

Emulator

program

for

the

Model

165

• . • • • • .

64

7094

I/O

devices

and

features

not

supported

by

the

7094

Emulator

program

for

the

Model

165

• • • • • • • • • • .

65

7080

hardware

and

I/O

devices

supported

by

the

7080

Emulator

program

for

the

Model

165

• • • • • • .

67

7080

I/O

devices

and

features

not

supported

by

the

7080

Emulator

program

for

the

Model

165

• • • • • .

67

Model

165

machine

check

interrupts

• • • • • •

76

I

SECTION

01:

SYSTEM

HIGHLIGHTS

The

System/310

Model

165

is

designed

to

enhance,

extend,

and

broaden

the

successful

concepts

of

System/360

architecture.

It

is

a

high-

speed,

large-scale

growth

system

for

System/360

Model 65

and

15

users

that

provides

significant

price

performance

improvement

without

the

necessity

of

major

reprogrammdng.

The

Model

165

is

a

general

purpose

system

and

offers

high

performance

for

both

commercial

and

scientific

applications.

It

is

compatible

with

the

System/310

Model

155.

Transition

from

System/360

models

to

the

System/310

Model

165

can

be

accomplished

with

a minimum

of

effort

because

most

current

System/360

user

programs,

I/O

devices,

and

programming

systems

are

upward

compatible

with

the

new

system.

Upward

transition

from

a Model

165

to

a Model

195

can

also

be

accomplished.

Additional

capabilities

will

be

added

to

OS

to

support

new

features

of

the

Model

165,

thereby

providing

proven

operating

system

performance

as

well

as

continuity,.

Transition

with

little

or

no

reprogramming

is

also

provided

for

1051/11/111/1080,

1010/1014,

and

109/1090/1094/109411

users

who

are

presently

emulating

on

System/360.

Emulators

that

operate

under

OS

control

on

the

Model

165

are

provided

for

these

systems.

Highlights

of

the

Model

165

are

as

follows.

• Upward

compatibility

with

most

System/360

architecture

and

programming

has

been

maintained.

•

Internal

performance

is

approximately

two

to

five

times

that

of

the

Model

65.

•

CPU

features

of

the

System/310

Model

165

are

as

follows:

The Model

165

standard

instruction

set

includes

new

general

purpose

instructions

in

addition

to

the

powerful

System/360

instruction

set.

These

instructions

enhance

decimal

arithmetic

performance,

eliminate

the

need

for

multiple

move

or

compare

instructions

or

move

subroutines,

and

facilitate

record

blocking

and

deblocking,

field

padding,

and

storage

clearing.

Extended

precision

floating

point

is

a

standard

feature

to

provide

precision

of

up

to

28

hexadecimal

digits,

equal

to

approximately

34

decimal

digits.

A

high-speed

multiply

feature

is

available

to

provide

faster

execution

of

binary

and

floating-point

arithmetic

operations.

Execution

speed

increases

by

a

factor

of

2

to

3.

An

interval

timer

of

3.33

ms

resolution

to

improve

job

accounting

accuracy

is

standard.

A

16.6

ms

resolution

timer

is

standard

on

the

Model

65.

A

time

of

day

clock

is

included

to

provide

more

accurate

time

of

day

values

than

the

interval

timer.

It

has

a 1

microsecond

resolution.

Separate

instruction

and

execution

units

are

implemented

that

provide

overlap

of

instruction

fetching,

instruction

decoding,

operand

fetching"

and

instruction

execution

to

increase

internal

performance.

1

2

CPU

retry

of

most

failing

CPU

hardware

operations

is

handled

automatically

by

the

hardware

without

programming

assistance.

Writable

control

storage

(WCS)

is

included

in

addition

to

read-

only

storage

(ROS)

to

contain

new

Model

165

instructions,

emulator

microcode,

and

CPU

diagnostics.

•

Relocatable

emulators

are

provided

that

operate

under

OS

control.

Concurrent

execution

of

System/370

programs

with

7000-series

programs

is

supported.

A

7080,

a

7070/7074,

and

a

709/7090/7094/709411

emulator

are

available

on

a

mutually

exclusive

basis.

• A

free-standing

3066

System

Console

is

required.

Its

features

are:

A

buffered

cathode

ray

tube

and

an

alphameric

keyboard

for

rapid

operator/system

communication

An

indicator

viewer

to

display

system

status

A

system

activity

monitor

to

provide,

via

the

system

activity

meter,

visual

display

of

average

system

activity

A

microfiche

document

viewer

for

CE

use

A

processor

storage

configuration

plugboard

A

device

for

loading

WCS

and

diagnostic

routines

•

Channel

features

of

the

Model

165

are

as

follows:

2870

Multiplexer

Channels,

2860

Selector

Channels,

and

the

new

2880

Block

Multiplexer

Channels

can

be

attached

-

for

a

total

of

seven

addressable

channels.

A

single

2880

channel

can

operate

at

a 3

MB

rate

with

attachment

of

an

optional

feature.

The

Extended

Channels

feature

permits

a

Model

165

to

have

up

to

twelve

addressable

channels,

which

can

support

an

aggregate

channel

data

rate

in

excess

of

nine

megabytes

per

second.

The

2880

Block

Multiplexer

Channel

is

a

superset

of

the

2860

Selector

Channel.

When

used

in

conjunction

with

rotational

position

sensing

devices,

it

can

increase

total

system

throughput

by

permitting

more

data

to

enter

and

leave

the

system

in

a

given

time

period

than

can

the

2860.

A

single

2880

channel

can

support

interleaved,

concurrent

execution

of

multiple

high-speed

I/O

operations.

Channel

retry

data

is

provided

after

channel

errors

so

that

error

recovery

routines

can

retry

I/O

operations.

•

storage

features

offered

by

the

Model

165

are

as

follows:

A

two-level

memory

system,

consisting

of

fast,

large-size

processor

(main)

storage

used

as

backing

storage

for

a

smaller,

very

high-

speed

buffer

storage,

is

implemented.

The

CPU

works

mostly

with

the

buffer

so

that

the

effective

access

time

for

data

is

reduced

to

a

fraction

of

the

processor

storage

cycle

time.

8K

or

16K

bytes

of

SO-nanosecond

monolithic

buffer

storage

is

available

(SK

is

standard).

The

CPU

can

initiate

a

request

for

eight

bytes

from

the

buffer

every

80

nanoseconds.

P,;ge

of

r.c20-1730-0

Revised i

1/20/70

By

TNL GN20-2277

512K

to

3072K

of

four-way,

doubleword

int€rleaved,

two-

microsecond

processor

storage

is

available

-

three

times

the

maximum

available

on

the

Model

65.

Byte

boundary

alignment

is

permitted

for

the

operands

of

non-

privileged

instructions

to

eliminate

the

necessity

of

adding

padding

bytes

within

records

or

to

blocked

records

for

the

purpose

of

aligning

fixed

or

floating-point

data.

Error

checking

and

cor~ection

(ECC>

hardware

that

automatically

corrects

all

single-bit

processor

storage

errors

and

detects

all

double-bit

and

most

multiple-bit

errors

is

standard

•

I/O

devices

for

the

Model

165

are

as

follows:

Most

currently

announced

I/O

devices

for

System/360

Models

65

and

above

can

be

attached.

The

new

3330

facility

is

available

for

attachment

to

2880

channels.

It

offers

significantly

faster

seeks

and

more

than

twice

the

data

rate

of

the

2314

facility,

more

than

three

times

the

capacity

of

the

2314,

and

automatic

error

correction

features.

The

new

rotational

position

sensing

and

multiple

requesting

capabilities

announced

for

the

2305

facility

are

standard.

The

3330

has

an

806

KB

data

transfer

rate,

average

seek

time

of

30

ms,

and

full

rotation

time

of

16.7

ms.

Up

to

800

million

bytes

can

be

contained

on

an

eight

drive

facility.

The

2305

facility

Models

1

and

2

can

be

connected

to

2880

channels

to

provide

significantly

faster

data

transfer

operations.

The

Model

1

has

a 3

megabyte

data

rate,

a

maximum

module

capacity

of

5.4

million

bytes,

and

average

access

time

of

2.5

ms.

The

Model

2

has

a

1.5

megabyte

data

rate,

a

maximum

module

capacity

of

11.2

million

bytes,

and

average

access

time

of

5

ros.

The

new

high-speed

3211

Printer

with

a

tapeless

carriage

and

an

alphameric

print

speed

of

2000

lines

per

minute

is

available.

The

tapeless

carriage

decreases

operator

intervention

by

eliminating

carriage

tape

loading

and

unloading.

The

new

3803/3420

Magnetic

Tape

Subsystem

is

attachable.

Models

3,

5,

and

7

of

the

3420

Magnetic

Tape

Unit,

with

data

rates

of

120

KB,

200

KB,

and

320

KB,

respectively,

at

l600-BPI

recording

density,

are

provided.

Phase-encoded

recording,

which

automatically

corrects

all

single-bit

read

errors

in-flight,

is

used.

This

new

tape

subsystem

offers

improved

price

performance;

Dual

Density

and

Seven-Track

features

for

compatibility

with,

and

conversion

of,

2400-series

tape

volumes;

greatly

reduced

operator

handling

through

implementation

of

such

features

as

automatic

tape

threading

and

cartridge

loading;

lower

cost

tape

switching

than

is

currently

pro-

vided;

and

enhanced

reliabilty,

availability,

and

serviceability

features

.

•

Extensive

hardware

and

programming

systems

error

recovery

and

repair

features

are

provided

to

improve

system

reliability,

availability,

and

serviceability

•

Compact

physical

design

reduces

Model

165

CPU

and

processor

storage

space

requirements.

The

Model

165

CPU

has

three

times

the

number

of

circuits

as

a

Model

65,

in

excess

of

75,000

versus

25,000,

yet

a 512K

or

1024K

Model

165

requires

the

same

amount

of

space

as

a

512K

Model

65.

As

the

highlights

indicate,

Model

65

and

75

users

have

a

broader

range

of

Model

165

configurations

to

choose

from

than

before

when

tailoring

a

growth

system

with

improved

throughput

and

expanded

3

capabilities.

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