Icom IC-7300 Manuale utente

GETTING THE MOST FROM YOUR HF

TRANSCEIVER

FRED KEMMERER, AB1OC

JANUARY 10TH, 2017

Topics

Not to Scale

•Its mostly about the receiver…

•Transmitter/amplifier operation tips

and tricks

•Common operating scenarios

VFO

Tuning

Audio

Gain

”Roofing”

Filter*

Adjusts *’ed

Items

Preamp/

Attenuator

Notch

Filters*

Noise

Reduction/

Blanker*

Passband

Tuning

(DSP) Filter &

IF Shift

Pan Adapter/

Spectrum Scope

Its Mostly About The Receiver

Commonly Available Controls

Multi-Function Screen

Access

Function

Screen

CW Auto

Tune

Receive

Incremental

Tuning

Operating

Mode

Its Mostly About The Receiver - Some Terms

Bandwidth, Dynamic Range and Signal to Noise Ratio

Not to Scale

•Bandwidth – tools to limit your receiver so it “hears” only

what you want to hear and to protect it from overload

•Mostly about filters

•Dynamic Range –the difference between the loudest and

the weakest signal you rig can handle

•Want to maximize Dynamic Range for the target signal

•Mostly about adjusting for optimum RF gain and

operation of Automatic Gain Controls

•Signal to Noise Ratio –the relative power between the signal

you are trying to hear (good) and noise/interference (bad)

•Noise reduction processors to reduce noise along with

proper use of other controls

Its Mostly About The Receiver

Basic Receiver Elements (Single Conversion Analog)

Not to Scale

AGC Loop(s)

Bandpass

Filter

“Roofing”

Filter

“DSP”

Filtering

•Filters limit Bandwidth to reject unwanted signals, preventing them from

adversely effecting performance

•The Automatic Gain Control (AGC) System attempts to maximize Dynamic

Range within Weak Signal Receiver Stages

•Critical to maintain linearity to prevent distortion products

•DSP Adaptive Filters are use to reduce noise which improves S/N Ratio

(Pre)

Its Mostly About The Receiver

Basic Receiver Elements (Direct Sampling ex. IC-7300)

•Most filtering, all noise reduction and signal detection

steps are performed digitally

•AGC System must maximize A/D converter resolution for

the desired signal

•Many possible sources of non-linearity are eliminated

•A/D Converter Resolution and Oscillator Phase Noise become the

main performance limiters

•Digital processing speed and algorithm performance also matter

A/D

Digital

Proc.

(FPGA)

RF (Pre-)

Amplifier

Bandpass

Filter

D/A

Digital

Osc.

AGC Loop, IP+

Its Mostly About The Receiver

Controls to Optimize Weak Signals

Not to Scale

•Filters Limit Bandwidth and optimize adjacent signal rejection

•RF Gain Control, Preamp/Attenuator, and AGC Time Constant settings

optimize Dynamic Range

•Adaptive Noise Filtering is used to reduce noise; improving S/N Ratio

Gain

Adjusts *’ed

Items

Preamp/

Attenuator

Noise

Reduction/

Blanker*

Passband Tuning

(DSP) Filter & IF Shift

Access Function Screen

(AGC Controls)

Its Mostly About The Receiver

Using Your Filters

Not to Scale

Minimize Noise BW/Interference:

•Roofing Filters – typically “fixed” BW

filters applied before IF stages

•DSP filters –Digital Signal Processing

after IF stages

•Both are realized in Digital Processor

of the IC-7300

IF Shift Example

Its Mostly About The Receiver

CW Reverse Sideband (CW-R)

Not to Scale

CW-R

Sideband

VFO

Freq.

Standard CW

Sideband

Desired Signal

Interference

VFO

Freq.

Reversing CW Sideband to Improve Adjacent Signal Rejection

Its Mostly About The Receiver

Dynamic Range –Its About Optimal Gain Control

A/D

Digital

Proc.

(FPGA)

RF (Pre)

Amplifier

Bandpass

Filter

D/A

Digital

Osc.

AGC Loop, IP+

A/D Range

00..0

11..1

Too Little Base Gain

(Preamp Helps)

A/D Range

00..0

11..1

Optimal Base Gain

A/D Range

00..0

11..1

Too Much Base Gain

(Preamp Off/Attn.)

AGC Acts To

Keep A/D in

Range

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