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INTRODUCTION

IMSAI

8080

System

Introduction

The

documentation

for

the

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

System

consists

of

several

books.

This

volume,

the

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

System

User

Manual,

contains

a

detailed

description

of

the

features

and

configuration

of

the

com-

puter

as

a

complete

system.

It

also

describes

the

printed

circuit

boards

that

form

the

system

building

blocks.

The

chapter

format

begins

with

a

functional

description

of

the

system

or

board,

including

brief

notes

about

all

the

fea-

tures.

The

actual

operation

of

the

system

or

board

is

then

described

in

a

theory

of

operations

section.

The

physical

and

electronic

arrangement

of

the

system

or

board

are

next

shown

with

a

photograph

and

a

schematic

•.

Assembly

of

the

board

from

a

kit

is

described

by

assembly

drawings

or

photos,

a

complete

parts

list,

and

assembly

instructions

in

each

chapter.

Finally,

the

information

that

tells

th~

user

how

to

use

the

design

features

of

the

board

to

imple-

ment

various

functional

options

is

contained

in

a

user

guide

section

for

each

board.

Operation

of

the

computer

as

a

system

is

documented

in

the

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

System

User

Manual

in

the

chapter

General

Assembly

and

Test

Instructions

and

also

in

the

chapter

on

the

CP-A

(Front

Panel

Control

Board).

The

software

supplied

with

the

basic

uni~,

consisting

of

a

resident

monitor,

assembler

and

text

editor

is

described

in

the

last

chapter

of

the

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

System

User

Manual.

This

chapter

includes

both

a

description

of

the

software

and

a

complete

object

listing.

Supporting

documentation

is

provided

by

a

copy

of

the

Intel

8080

Microcomputer

System

Users

Manual,

supplied

in

every

system

kit

to

give

IMSAI

users

the

primary

source

of

detailed

information

about

the

function

and

instruction

set

of

the

logic

implemented

by

the

intergrated

circuit

chip

set

used

in

the

IMSAI

8080.

A

handy

reference

card,

the

Intel

8080

Assembly

Language

Reference

Card,

is

suppl~ed

to

summarize

much

useful

information

from

this

manual.

To

assist

users

in

gaining

a

full

perspective

on

the

design

and

use

of

microprocessor-based

computer

systems,

IMSAI

includes

a

basic

text,

An

Introduction

to

Microcomputers.

IMSAI

is

currently

working

intensively

on

both

additional

hardware

(more

peripheral

systems,

the

Shared

Memory

Facility,

etc.)

and

system

software.

Full

documentation

of

these

addi-

tions

will

be

made

available

to

IMSAI

owners

as

it

is

produced;

the

charge

will

be

a

nominal

fee

to

cover

the

cost

of

repro-

duction.

12

System

Features

IMSAI

8080

MICROCOMPUTER

SYSTEM

FEATURES

The

IMSAI

8080

is

a

high

quality

microprocessor

based

computer

system

offering

outstanding

capability

and

flexibility

at

low

cost.

Designed

to

facilitate

simple

modular

expansion,

the

system

has

both

the

power

and

the

versatility

to

handle

a

broad

range

of

data

processing

needs.

The

IMSAI

8080

is

currently

supported

by

a

broad

range

of

peripheral

devices

and

interfaces,

and

comes

with

a

basic

resident

monitor,

assembler,

and

text

editor,

free

of

charge.

A

broad

range

of

high

level

system

software

is

now

under

development,

and

will

be

available

soon

in

both

source

and

object

form

to

registered

IMSAI

8080

owners

at

the

cost

of

reproduction

and

handling.

The

IMSAI

8080

is

available

in

kit

or

assembled

form.

While

primarily

designed

as

a

commercial

computer,

the

unit

is

configured

to

facilitate

cons~ruction

by

any

careful

assembler.

High

grade

industrial

quality

design

and

com-

ponents

are

used

in

both.kits

and

assembled

units.

Complete

documentation

is

provided

with

each

system,

including:

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

System

User

Manual

(this

book).

Intel

8080

Microcomputer

Systems

User's

Manual,

completely

describing

the

integrated

circuits

used,

and

the

instruction

set.

An

Introduction

to

Microcomputers,

a

fundamental

textbook

on

the

use

of

microcomputer

systems.

a

90

day

warranty

on

the

system

is

provided.

Full

factory

service

is

available

at

a

cost

commensurate

with

the

work

required.

13

IMSAI

8080

System

Functional

Description

SYSTEM

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

system

is

a

full-scale

general

purpose

digital

computer.

Although

small

in

size

and

low

in

cost,

the

system

is

exceedingly

versatile

and

capable

of

data

processing

in

the

complete

spectrum

of

practical

applica~

tions.

The

IMSAI

8080

used

an

8080A

microprocessor

LSI

chip

to

perform

the

cen-tral

processing

function.

The

instruction

set

provided

by

the

8080A

is

described

fully

in

Chapter

4

of

8080

Microcomputer

System

User's

Manual,

provided

as

part

of

the

IMSAI

8080

documentation

package.

The

IMSAI

8080

system

is

capable

of

unlimited

expansion,

due

to

the

bus

structure

and

IMSAI's

exclusive

shared

memory

facility,_

which

permits

parallel

processing.

The

computing

power

that

can

be

made

available

with

the

IMSAI

8080

system

building

blocks

exceeds-

that

of

any

currently

available

minicomputer.

The

operation

of

the

IMSAI

8080

is

described

in

the

manual

chapters

titled

"General

Assembly

and

Test

Instructions"

and

in

the

CP-A

Front

Panel

Control

Board

chapter.

Input/output

features

are

described

in

the

I/O

board

chapters

including

SIO

(Serial

Input/Output

board},

PIO

(Parallel

Input/Output

board)

and

UCRI

(Cassette

Recorder

Interface

board).

IMSAI

8080

SOFTWARE

FEATURES

Basic

system

software

(resident

monitor,

text

editor

and

assembler)

distributed

in

object

form,

with

listing,

and

free

of

charge.

Future

software

releases

are:

14

4K

BASIC -

upward

compatible

to

DEC

standard

SUPER-BASIC

8K BASIC -

Upward

compatible

to

DEC

standard

SUPER-BASIC

12K

BASIC -

DEC

standard

SUPER-BASIC

compatible

Floppy

Disk

Operating

System

Linkage

Editor

Macro-Assembler

with

relocatable

code

generation

12K

FORTRAN

compiler

IMSAI

8080

System

Hardware

Features

IMSAI

8080

HARDWARE

FEATURES

Flat

cable

interconnection

used

throughout.

Absolute

minimum

point-to-point

w1r1ng.

Front

panel

has

programmed

output

port

with

LED

indicators.

Front

panel

has

large

easy-to-use

paddle

handle

switches.

Front

panel

legends

are

produced

photographically

and

mounted.

behind

acrylic

panel

for

protection.

Front

panel

has

filler

to

increase

contrast

of

LED

indicators.

Long-life

LEDs

used

throughout.

Front

panel

circuit

designed

so

that

one-shot

timing

links

are

non-critical.

No

point-to-point

wiring

to

connect

or

disconnect

front

panel

to

or

from

system.

·

Attractive

custom

designed

cabinet

and

panel.

Rackmount

cabinet

available

as

special

option.

Cabinet

designed

to

facilitate

customizing

front

panel.

Sturdy

card

cage

construction.

Room

for

22

cards.

Power

supply

subchassis

with

high-current

transformer

and

computer-grade

electrolytic

capacitors.

Heavy

duty

power

supply

supplies

power

sufficient

for

a

full

complement

of

cards

{28

amps,

up

to

500

watts).

Straight-through

back

plane

wiring.

No

special

purpose

slots.

Front

panel

plugs

into

any

slot

to

operate

machine.

Double-sided

print~d

circuit

boards

with

plated-through

holes

and

solder

mask.

All

board

contact

fingers

are

gold-plated

over

nickel.

PC

board

material

is

glass-fiber-reinforced

epoxy

laminate.

On-board

power

regulation.

Power

is

regulated

by

integrated

circuit

regulators

with

thermal

current

limits.

Tantalum

board

decoupling

capacitors.

Ample

.luf

disk

ceramic

power

decoupling

capacitors.

Designed

with

latest

LSI

and

MSI

components.

Package

count

minimized.

Heavy

current

tri-state

bus

drivers

used

throughout

the

system.

System

designed

from

initial

concept

for

multi-processor,

shared

memory

options.

15

IMSAI

8080

Microcomputer

System

Specifications

MICROCOMPUTER

SYSTEM

SPECIFICATIONS

Processor:

8080A

microcomputer

chip

Directly

Accessible

Memory:

65,536

words

Word

Size:

1

byte

(8

bits)

Register

Instruction

Cycle

Time:

2

microseconds

Basic

Machine

Cycle

Time:

0.5

microseconds

Directly

Accessible

Input

and

Output

Ports:

256

Machine

Instruction

Set

Size:

78

basic

instructions

(181

instructions

with

variants)

Nested

Subroutine

Call

Capability:

Limited

only

by

memory

size

Interrupt

Capability:

8

hardware

levels

Registers:

6,

plus

stack

pointer,

program

counter

and

accumulator

Memory

Type:

Semiconductor

(1024xl

format

chips)

Cabinet:

Custom

aluminum

case

with

acrylic

front

panel

Dimensions:

19~"

x

17"

x

7"

Weight:

40

pounds

Front

Panel

Switch

Type:

Paddle

Color:

IBM

blue

and

grey

Power:

28

amp

unregulated

power

supply

with

onboard

regulators

Power

Requirement:

Under

50

watts

for

basic

system

Maximum

Power

Capability:

Up

to

500

watts

Power

Type:

115

VAC,

60

hz.

single

phase

Connections:

Mounting

space

for

10

EIA-type

25-pin

connectors

on

the

back

panel.

Opening

and

cable

clamp

provided

for

flat

cables

to

exit

from

the

cabinet.

3M

flat

cable

system

used

throughout.

16

IMSAI

8080

System

Cabinet

Assembly

Instructions

CABINET

ASSEMBLY

INSTRUCTIONS

Begin

by

installing

the

correct

number

of

plastic

card

guides

on

the

chassis

part

C's.

The

card

guides

should

be

placed

from

the

front

backwards,

an

equal

number

on

each

piece

C,

taking

care

that

the

wedge

-

shaped

opening

of

the

slot

is

positioned

upwards.

Note

that

the

two

ends

of

piece

C

arerot

symmetrical.

The

end

with

the

wider

space

between

the

last

small

hole

for

mounting

the

card

guide

and

the

end

flange

is

placed

toward

the

back

of

the

cabinet,

so

that

the

guides

will

line

up

with

the

connectors

on

the

Mother

board.

The

card

guides

should

be

assembled

starting

from

the

front

end

(with

card

guide

mounting

holes

placed

closer

to

the

end

flange).

Make

sure

you

place

the

card

guide

so

as

to

form

a

left

hand

and

a

right

hand

mounting-rail

piece.

If

this

is

not

done,

then

the

card

guides

will

be

upside

down

on

one

of

the

two

piece

'C's

when

they

are

mounted

into

the

cabinet.

The

card

guides

are

most

easily

mounted

using

a

small

press

and

placing

the

tab

of

each

card

guide

in

position

started

into

the

hole

and

pressing

them

into

place

un-

til

the

mounting

tabs

snap

through.

A

drill

press

with

a

large

flat

-

headed

screw

mounted

in

the

chuck

works

well

with

this

op-

eration.

(Alternately,

the

card

guides

may

be

installed

very

care-

fully

using

needle

nosed

pliers).

care

should

be

taken

that

the

tabs

are

started

into

the

hole

when

beginning

to

press

the

guide

into

place,

otherwise

one

or

both

may

be

bent

out

flat

and

bro~en

off.

One

end

of

the

guide

at

a

time

should

be

inserted

rather

than

trying

to

press

both

ends

in

simultaneously.

If

a

fan

is

to

be

installed

in

the

chassis,

it

should

be

assembled

on

the

back

frame

piece

Al

at

this

time

using

the

hardware

in

the

fan

kit.

The

fan

terminals

should

be

towards

the

top

and

towards

the

Mother

board

side

of

the

chassis.

Next,

the

power

cord

should

be

inserted

using

the

special

gronunet

in

the

hole

provided

on

the

back

panel.

4

to

6

inches

of

the

power

cord

should

be

left

on

the

inside

of

the

cabinet.

If

the

power

cord

grommet

is

squeezed

together

with

a

pair

of

pliers

before

in-

sertion

into

the

cabinet

back,

it

will

ease

the

job

of

inserting

this

tight

fitting

grommet.

To

insert

the

grommet,

the

power

cord

should

be

pulled

through

the

hole

nearly

to

the

point

where

the

grommet

has

been

placed

around

the

power

cord,

then

the

outer

edge

of

the

grommet

can

be

grasped

with

a

pair

of

pliers

and

squeezed

slightly

and

inserted

in

the

hole

and

worked

in

while

slight

tension

is

also

being

put

on

the

cord

from

the

back

side

to

assist.

Work-

ing

this

grommet

in

by

rocking

it

back

and

forth

works

better

than

just

pushing

harder.

The

front

and

back

frames

can

now

be

screwed

to

the

base

plate

using

6-32x5/l6"

machine

screws.

Note

that

the

back

frame

fits

under

the

base

plate

and

the

front

frame

fits

on

top

of

the

base

plate,

set

back

about

l"

from

the

front

edge

of

the

base

plate.

Next,

install

1 - 1

IMSAI

8080

System

Cabinet

Assembly

Instructions

the

two

card

frames

between

the

front

and

back

frames.

Use

two

6-32x5/l6"

machine

screws

at

each

end

of

each

card

frame.

The

front

and

back

frames

have

slotted

holes

allowing

the

card

frames

to

be

adjusted

slightly

when

the

Mother

board

is

installed

on

the

base

plate

and

boards

are

inserted

in

the

card

frames.

The

self-adhesive

rubber

feet

can

then

be

separated

from

each

other,

the

protective

backing

removed,

and

placed

on

the

bottom

of

the

cabinet

spaced

3

inches

along

the

left

hand

and

right

hand

edge

of

the

bottom,

to

support

the

cabinet

weight.

BASE PLATE

HOLE

IDENTIFICATION

The

base

plate

currently

being

shipped

is

a

universal

base

plate,

with

extra

holes

for

accomodating

two

styles

of

mother

board

mount-

ing

systems

and

two

styles

of

power

supplies.

For

the

power

supply

and

mother

board

systems

shipped

with

your

kit:

1.

Place

the

Power

Supply

p.c.

board

in

the

base

plate

cavity

and

line

up

the

holes

in

the

p.c.

board

with

the

correspon-

ding

holes

in

the

base

plate

and

mark

(e.g.,

with

a

felt-

tip

pen)

which

holes

are

to

be

used.

2.

The

mother

board

mounting

system

use's

the

two

rows

of

12

holes

each

on

the

left

side

of

the

base

plate.

SWITCH

ESCUTCHEON

INSTALLATION

When

the

CP-A

Front

Panel

Assembly

has

been

mounted,

the

Switch

Escutcheon

{piece

A2B)

can

be

installed

on

the

.base

plate

at

the

front

of

the

computer

using

four

6-32x5/16"

Phillips

pan

head

machine

screws.

Note

that

the

Escutcheon

should

fit

under

the

base

plate.

CABLE

CLAMP

INSTALLATION

Cables

that

do

not

fit

the

connector

holes

on

the

back

frame

of

the

chassis

may

be

clamped

for

strain

relief

at

the

top

of

the

back

frame

using

the

L -

shaped

aluminum

bar,

piece

K.

Install

using

two

6-32x~"

Phillips

pan

head

machine

screws.

Depending

on

the

thickness

of

the

cables

being

clamped,

either

of

the

two

sides

of

the

angle

may

be

used.

TABLE TOP

COVER

INSTALLATION ·

To

install

the

table

top

c·over,

slide

the

cover

carefully

over

the

chassis

frame

and

hold

in

place

with

four

6-32x~"

Phillips

pan

head

machine

screws.

Refer

to

Appendices

for

an

exploded

view

of

·the

chassis

cabinet.

1 - 2

IMSAI

8080

System

Cabinet

Assembly

Instructions

RACK

MOUNT

SYSTEM

ASSEMBLY

INSTRUCTIONS

For

the

rack

mount

system,

begin

by

installing

the

rack

mount

cover

on

the

chassis.

Use

five

6-32x5/16"

Phillips

pan

head

machine

screws.

Next

install

the

left

and

right

side

plates

to

the

chassis

with

the

front

flanges

pointing

outwards.

Use

four

6-32x~"

Phillips

pan

head

machine

screws

on

each

side

plate.

The

forward

holes

in

each

pattern

on

the

side

plates

should

be

used.

Next

mount

the

assembly

in

the

rack

using

two

screws

on

each

side

of

the

front

flanges.

Hardware

requirements

for

mounting

the

assem-

bly

into

the

rack

will

vary

according

to

the

individual

rack.

It

is

suggested

that

the

rear

of

the

assembly

also

be

supported

in

the

rack.

Finally,

mount

the

front

face

panel

onto

the

side

plate

flanges

using

four

#10

round

head

screws

and

clips.

NOTE:

for

installations

without

slides

where

easy

removal

of

the

computer

~s

desired,

the

side

plates

can

be

mounted

directly

in

the

rack

and

the

computer

can

be

slid

on

its

rubber

feet

en

the

bottom

flanges

of

the

side

plates.

The

rear

of

the

side

plates

in

this

case

should

be

fastened

securely

to

t~e

back

of

the

rack

cabinet.

1 - 3