Intel ETHEREXPRESS PRO/100 Manuale utente

User’s Guide

IntelPRO/100Family

PacketProtect

Enabling the IPSec Protocol on

Microsoft Windows NT 4.0

Intel® Packet Protect User’s Guide

Where to Go for More Information

Readme Files

For more information about installation and general information about

the product, see the readme text file. To view the files, view the root

folder on the Intel CD-ROM. Open readme.txt with any text editor.

Online Services

You can use the Internet to download software updates, and to view

troubleshooting tips, installation notes, and more. Online services are

on the World Wide Web at:

http://support.intel.com

Intel Corporation, 5200 N.E. Elam Young Parkway, Hillsboro, OR 97124-6497

Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document. Nor does Intel

make any commitment to update the information contained herein.

* Other product and corporate names may be trademarks of other companies and are used only for

explanation and to the owners’ benefit, without intent to infringe.

Contents

iii

Contents

Where to Go for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

What is Intel Packet Protect? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Packet Protect Features 2

Complete Your Security Solution 2

Hardware Acceleration 2

Domestic and Export Versions 2

Additional Information 3

How Packet Protect Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

What is IP Security? 4

What is Internet Key Exchange? 4

The Process 5

Get Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Installing Packet Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Developing Your Deployment Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Review Your Network Architecture and

Corporate Security Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Assign security behavior roles to computers that you want to use

Packet Protect 9

Develop a strategy for handling pre-shared keys 10

Understand the Default Rule 11

Consider exceptions to the Default Rule 11

What are the Trade-offs? 12

Conclusion 14

Set Up Intel Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Install Intel Adapters 15

Configure Intel Adapters 15

Install Packet Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

System Requirements 17

Licensing 17

Install Packet Protect 17

View Your Security Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Intel® Packet Protect User’s Guide

Configuring Security Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Understand Default Security Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Default Behaviors in Packet Protect 22

Set up Your System Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

What is a Policy? 25

What is a Rule? 25

The Default Rule 26

Importance of Rule Order 27

How Does the System Policy Work? 28

Add Rules to the System Policy 28

Making Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Modify the System Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Modify Destination Workgroups or Security Actions 41

Delete a Rule 41

Restore the System Policy 42

Monitor Packet Protect Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

View Status at a Packet Protect Client 44

Set Up Compatible Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Work with Other Security Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Turn Security On for a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Install Security for a New Computer 47

Turn Security on Manually for an Existing Computer 47

Turn Security Off for a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Shut Down Packet Protect at a Computer 48

Uninstall Packet Protect from a Computer 48

Troubleshooting and FAQs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Appendix A — IKE and IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

IKE and IPSec Work Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

How Packet Protect Uses IKE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Identity Negotiation Settings 55

IPSec Settings 57

Contents

Examples 58

How Packet Protect Uses IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Security Associations 59

Security Association Lifetimes 59

How IPSec Protects Packets 60

Appendix B — Interoperability with Microsoft Windows* 2000 . 63

Interoperability with Windows* 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Appendix C — Network Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . 65

Network Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Intel Automated Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Readme Files on Your Product Disk 67

Web and Internet Sites 67

Customer Support Technicians 67

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Intel® Packet Protect User’s Guide

1Introduction

With the growing amount of information that travels on your local area network

(LAN), confidential information has become a target for intruders both inside

and outside your company. These intruders may be employees, visitors to your

company, or a hacker who breaks through your firewall.

Intel® Packet Protect helps protect Internet Protocol (IP) traffic as it travels

between computers on your LAN. This protects confidential data from being

retrieved by intruders.

In this chapter, you’ll find information about:

• Packet Protect overview

• How Packet Protect works

• Getting started

Intel® Packet Protect User’s Guide

What is IntelPacket Protect?

Packet Protect is designed to protect the confidentiality and authenticity of IP

traffic on your LAN.

Packet Protect can assist you in creating a departmental solution for your secu-

rity concerns.

Many data compromises are attempted from within a company firewall. Unless

you protect information as it travels on the network, it can be received by

unwanted users.

For example, employees retrieving confidential designs from a Research &

Development department server use Packet Protect to encrypt the information

while it travels on the LAN. Encryption protects the confidentiality of the infor-

mation. Each employee’s computer can also verify the integrity of the informa-

tion upon receipt.

Packet Protect Features

Packet Protect enables you to:

• Protect confidentiality and authenticity of IP traffic on your LAN using

Internet Protocol Security (IPSec), including Internet Key Exchange (IKE).

• Offload security tasks to an IntelPRO/100 S Management or Server

Adapter to optimize network performance.

Complete Your Security Solution

If you need to protect data stored on a computer, use operating system features

combined with Packet Protect. Packet Protect protects data traveling between

computers, not while it’s stored on a computer. You should use your operating

system features or network infrastructure element to provide access control to

certain areas of the computers on the network.

Hardware Acceleration

Implementing an IPSecsolution can increase CPU utilization for computers that

use the IPSec software. This is common when implementing any IPSec solution

because of the intense computation required to encrypt, decrypt, and validate

packets. However, there is a way to offload security tasks from the CPU.

You can combine Packet Protect with the use of an Intel PRO/100 S Manage-

ment or ServerAdapter to reduce CPU utilization. This frees CPU utilization for

other tasks, while reducing the impact to network performance.

Domestic and Export Versions

Packet Protect is available in both domestic and export versions. The export ver-

sion supports DES (56-bit) encryption only. The domestic version, available in

the United States and Canada, supports DES and 3DES (168-bit) encryption.

Introduction

Additional Information

This Packet Protect User’s Guide in Adobe Acrobat* format can be found in the

Packet Protect directory on the product CD-ROM. Packet Protect help can be

found in the Help directory on the product CD-ROM.

Intel® Packet Protect User’s Guide

How Packet Protect Works

Packet Protect helps you protect network traffic that is sent from one server or

client to another. Packet Protect uses these steps to protect information traveling

on the network:

1. Activate IKE (Internet Key Exchange). Negotiates parameters for secure

communication.

2. Activate IPSec (Internet Protocol Security). Protects the communication

using the security parameters it negotiated successfully using IKE.

What is IP Security?

Internet Protocol (IP) Security (commonly called IPSec) is a set of standard pro-

tocols used to protect the confidentiality and authenticity of IP communications.

IPSec accomplishes this using the following:

• Encryption. Protects confidentiality of information traveling on the net-

work. Each packet is encrypted so that unwanted recipients can’t interpret

it. Packet Protect uses DES 56-bit and 3DES 168-bit encryption algorithms

(3DES in U.S. and Canada version only).

•Integrity.Protects the authenticity of the information traveling on the net-

work by verifying that each packet was unchanged in transport. Packet Pro-

tect uses MD5 and SHA-1 authentication algorithms for both ESP and AH

authentication.

• Anti-replay protection. Protects the network by preventing an intruder

from successfully repeatedly sending an identical packet in an attempt to

confuse the system.

For more information about IPSec, see “Appendix A — IKE and IPSec” on

page 53.

What is Internet Key Exchange?

Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is a standard protocol used to negotiate a protected

communication. Negotiation is the first phase in setting up a secure communica-

tion. IKE verifies the identity of the computers using pre-shared keys. Then it

negotiates a set of security settings to protect the communication.

IKE is a protocol that operates inside a framework defined by ISAKMP (Internet

Security Association Key Management Protocol) and is used to support the

establishment of Security Associations.

For more information about IKE, see “Appendix A — IKE and IPSec” on

page 53.

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