K-Team KoreSound Manuale utente

Koresound

user Manual

Version 0.1

july 2004

Documentation Author

C´edric Gaudin for K-Team S.A.

Ch. de Vuasset, CP 111

1028 Pr´everenges

Switzerland

email: [email protected]

Url: www.k-team.com

Trademark Acknowledgments:

IBM PC: International Business Machine Corp.

Macintosh: Apple Corp.

SUN Sparc-Station: SUN Microsystems Corp.

LabView: National Instruments Corp.

MatLab: MathWorks Corp.

Webots: Cyberbotics

Khepera: K-Team and LAMI

Legal Notice:

•The content of this manual is subject to change without notice.

•All eﬀort have been made to ensure the accuracy of the content of

this manual. However, should any error be detected, please inform

K-Team S.A.

•The above notwithstanding K-Team can assume no responsibility for

any error in this manual.

K-Team S.A. 1

Table Of Contents

1 Introduction 3

2 KoreSound Hardware 4

2.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.2 KoreSound Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.2.1 KoreBot Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.3 Hardware Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.3.1 Electrostatic Discharge Protection . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3 KoreSound Software 6

3.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2 Linux Sound Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.3 Basic Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.4 Sound Programming on KoreBot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.4.1 Sound devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.4.2 Sound device I/O controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.4.3 Mixer device I/O controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

K-Team S.A. 2

1Introduction

The KoreSound board is a KoreBot extension that provides audio playback

and recording capabilities.

It oﬀers one audio stereo output and two audio stereo inputs. This

document presents how to use KoreSound.

K-Team S.A. 3

2KoreSound Hardware

2.1 Overview

KoreSound can be used in application that requires sound playback and

recording (such as MP3 player, speech synthesis and recognition). The

hardware is quite simple and provides one audio output (OUT) and two

audio inputs (IN1 and IN2).

Figure 2.1 describes the board main components.

IN1

OUT

IN2

Figure 2.1: KoreSound hardware overview

2.2 KoreSound Connections

KoreSound oﬀers three Jack 3.5 mm connectors. The OUT connector is

used as an audio output and standard speaker can be used to hear sound

or music. The IN1 and IN2 connectors are used as two separate audio

inputs and standard microphone or audio source must be plugged in these

connectors to record sound, voice and music.

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2.2.1 KoreBot Connections

The KoreBot connection is pretty straightforward, the boards should be

simply stacked together. The KoreBot will provide the +3.3V power supply

to KoreSound.

2.3 Hardware Protection

2.3.1 Electrostatic Discharge Protection

As any electronic device, the KoreSound may be damaged by Electrostatic

Discharge.

K-Team S.A. 5

3KoreSound Software

3.1 Overview

This chapter presents how to use KoreSound from a KoreBot using the Linux

Operating System. It requires:

•a KoreBot (with a KoreConnect or a KoreSDK)

•a KoreSound

•a terminal emulator software (such as minicom or HyperTerminal)

•a host computer with at least one RS-232 connector (such as a standard

PC running Linux or Windows)

•GNU tools for KoreBot (assembler, linker and C/C++ compiler for

Intel XScale processor) running on your host computer (only for pro-

gramming sound application)

3.2 Linux Sound Driver

The sound driver for the Linux Operating System is in the standard distri-

bution provided with KoreBot.

The sound driver is normally loaded at startup. You can see all modules

actually loaded with the ’lsmod’ command. In the case the driver is missing,

you can force the loading using the ’modprobe’ command.

Typical output on KoreBot of the ’lsmod’ command:

/bin # lsmod

Module Size Used by

pxa-uda1342-i2c 2504 0 (unused)

soundcore 4072 2 [pxa-uda1342-i2c]

pxa-audio 7456 0 [pxa-uda1342-i2c]

uda1342 2968 0 (unused)

otg243 84832 0 (unused)

Manual sound driver loading:

/bin # modprobe pxa-uda1342-i2c

Using /lib/modules/2.4.19-kb8/kernel/drivers/sound/pxa-audio.o

Using /lib/modules/2.4.19-kb8/kernel/drivers/sound/soundcore.o

Using /lib/modules/2.4.19-kb8/kernel/drivers/sound/pxa-uda1342-i2c.o

PXA25X UDA1342 I2C audio support initialized

K-Team S.A. 6

Two devices is created in ’/dev/sound’ by the sound driver:

/bin # ls /dev/sound/*

/dev/sound/dsp /dev/sound/mixer

3.3 Basic Commands

The simplest command that can be used is the standard ﬁle copy command

’cp’. This command just copy the content of a source ﬁle into a destina-

tion ﬁle. The idea is to copy a standard wave ﬁle (16-bit, stereo) into the

’/dev/dsp’ device. The format of the wave ﬁle is very important and it must

be 16-bit audio data with two channels (stereo).

~ # cp test.wav /dev/sound/dsp

The ’madplay’ command can play standard MP3 ﬁles.

~ # madplay test.mp3

With the ’cutemixer’ command, you can control the volume, the bass,

the treble as well as the input lines (line1 and line2) level.

Typical output of the ’cutmixer’ command without paramters:

~ # cutemixer

vol(90:90)

bass(0:0)

treble(0:0)

line1(50:50) recordable input-source

line2(0:0) recordable input-source

The vol, bass, treble control the behaviour of the audio output (OUT

connector) and the line1 and line2 correspond to the two audio inputs (IN1

and IN2 connectors).

This example changes the input level of the source connected to IN1.

~ # cutemixer line1 50

line1(50:50) recordable input-source

3.4 Sound Programming on KoreBot

This section shows how to access to the sound driver from your standard

Linux application. The examples given are in standard C and use the stan-

dard C library. It requires some knowledge about the ﬁle functions on Linux.

K-Team S.A. 7

3.4.1 Sound devices

The sound driver creates two devices; /dev/sound/dsp and /dev/sound/mixer.

The ﬁrst device (’/dev/sound/dsp’) is used to play and record sound. It con-

trols the behaviour of the audio A/D and D/A converters. The mixer device

(’/dev/sound/mixer’) is used to change the input levels and output volumes

in our case.

The two devices are standard ﬁles that can be opened using standard C

library ’open’ function.

fd = open( "/dev/sound/dsp" , O_RDWR );

if ( fd < 0 ) {

/* opening failure */

}

...

fd = open( "/dev/sound/mixer" , O_RDWR );

if ( fd < 0 ) {

/* opening failure */

}

To play sound or music, the ’write’ function on device ’/dev/sound/dsp’

must be used.

/* open a wave file to play */

wav_fd = open( "test.wav" , O_RD );

if ( wav_fd < 0 ) {

/* opening error */

}

/* open the sound device */

dsp_fd = open( "/dev/sound/dsp" , O_RDWR );

if ( dsp_fd < 0 ) {

/* opening error */

}

...

while (1)

{

/* read some samples from the wave file */

cnt = read( wav_fd , buf , sizeof(buf) );

if ( cnt == EOF ) break;

/* write the samples into the sound device */

write( dsp_fd , buf , cnt );

}

...

K-Team S.A. 8

To record sound or music, the ’read’ function is used.

/* open a wave file to play */

wav_fd = open( "test.wav" , O_RDWR );

if ( wav_fd < 0 ) {

/* opening error */

}

/* open the sound device */

dsp_fd = open( "/dev/sound/dsp" , O_RDWR );

if ( dsp_fd < 0 ) {

/* opening error */

}

...

* select the first input IN1 in setting

* the gain level at maximum value (100%)

mix_fd = open( "/dev/sound/mixer" , O_RDWR );

value = 100;

ioctl( mix_fd , SOUND_MIXER_LINE1 , &value );

close( mix_fd );

...

while (1)

{

/* record some samples from the sound device */

cnt = read( dsp_fd , buf , sizeof(buf));

/* write the samples into the wave file */

write( dsp_fd , buf , cnt );

...

}

...

As you could see in the last example, the input channel is selected by

calling the SOUND MIXER LINE1 I/O control. This I/O control changes

the gain level of the input 1 and selects the input 1 for recording.

3.4.2 Sound device I/O controls

The I/O control are useful to read and to change the settings of the sound

device. Only the sampling rate can be changed.

Supported I/O control commands:

K-Team S.A. 9

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