Kentech Instruments J14080131 Manuale utente

Kentech Instruments Ltd.

Two Channel Gated Optical Intensifier

Serial Number J14080131

Last Modified 5-2-15

PLEASE READ THIS MANUAL CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THE UNIT

Print in colour not in Black and White.

Hazard information is coloured RED

Kentech Instruments Ltd.,

Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Tel: +44 (0) 1491 82 1601

E-mail [email protected] Web www.kentech.co.uk

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

Contents

1 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY 5

2 DISCLAIMER 6

3 EMC CAUTION 6

4 MAGNETIC HAZARD 6

5 ABBREVIATIONS 7

6 INTRODUCTION 8

7 SPECIFICATIONS OF THE SYSTEM 8

7.1 TRIGGER MODULE .................................................................................................................... 8

7.2 DRIVER AND HEADS.................................................................................................................8

8 PRINCIPALS OF OPERATION 9

8.1 FAST AND MEDIUM MODES ....................................................................................................9

8.2 SLOW MODES .............................................................................................................................9

8.3 COHERENT LIGHT ILLUMINATION ....................................................................................... 9

9 POWER SUPPLY 9

10 CONNECTIONS AND MECHANICS 10

10.1 ATTACHING A HEAD TO THE CONTROL UNIT ..................................................................10

10.2 THE HEADS ............................................................................................................................... 12

10.3 ATTACHING EQUIPMENT TO A HEAD .................................................................................12

10.4 CONNECTING THE TRIGGER UNIT ...................................................................................... 13

10.5 POWERING UP THE SYSTEM .................................................................................................14

11 OPERATIONAL NOTES 14

11.1 TIMING .......................................................................................................................................14

11.2 DELAY ADJUSTMENT..............................................................................................................15

12 TESTS 15

12.1 STATIC TESTS. ..........................................................................................................................15

12.2 DYNAMIC TEST. ......................................................................................................................15

13 GOI SOFTWARE INTERFACE 18

13.1 REVISIONS.................................................................................................................................18

13.2 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................18

13.3 DUAL CHANNEL SYSTEM......................................................................................................18

13.4 SYSTEM VARIABLES...............................................................................................................18

13.5 1.1 GOI MODES .........................................................................................................................18

13.5.1 INHIBIT MODE.................................................................................................................... 19

13.5.2 FAST MODE .........................................................................................................................19

13.5.3 SLOW MODE .......................................................................................................................19

13.5.4 DC MODE ............................................................................................................................. 20

13.6 TRIGGER ....................................................................................................................................20

13.7 OVERLOAD................................................................................................................................20

13.8 SELF TEST.................................................................................................................................. 20

13.9 DEFAULT SETTINGS ................................................................................................................21

13.10 ETHERNET INTERFACE ..........................................................................................................21

13.11 RS232 INTERFACE ....................................................................................................................24

13.11.1 THE PROTOCOL..................................................................................................................25

13.12 COMMANDS FOR CHANNEL 1 (A)........................................................................................ 26

13.13 COMMANDS FOR CHANNEL 2 (b).........................................................................................29

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

13.14 COMMANDS WHICH ARE CHANNEL INDEPENDENT ...................................................... 32

13.15 EXAMPLE COMMS...................................................................................................................33

13.15.1 RANDOM EXAMPLES TO TRY FIRST............................................................................. 33

13.15.2 SETTING THE GOI UP IN DC MODE FROM A COLD START.......................................35

13.15.3 SETTING THE GOI UP IN FAST MODE FROM A COLD START.................................. 36

14 ELECTRICAL WAVE FORMS 37

15 OPTICAL GATE WAVEFORMS CHANNEL 1 (a) 39

16 OPTICAL GATE WAVEFORMS CHANNEL 2 (b) 45

17 TUBE DATA 51

Tables

Table 1 Tube data Channel 1/a.............................................................................................. 51

Table 2 Tube data Channel 2/b ............................................................................................. 53

Appendices

Appendix 1 Magnetic eld computed data and various limits .................................................... 56

Appendix 2 XML response.......................................................................................................... 57

Appendix 3 JSON response......................................................................................................... 61

Appendix 4 Operation without magnets in the head ................................................................... 62

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

Figure Captions

Figure 1 Set up for testing the gating. .................................................................................... 15

Figure 2 Input window ........................................................................................................... 16

Figure 3 Output window......................................................................................................... 16

Figure 4 Example responses using POSTER with xml response........................................... 21

Figure 5 Example responses using POSTER with json response .......................................... 21

Figure 6 Changed variables XML .......................................................................................... 22

Figure 7 Changed Variables JSON......................................................................................... 22

Figure 8 Write to variables XML ........................................................................................... 23

Figure 9 Write to variables JSON........................................................................................... 23

Figure 10 Fast and medium gate waveforms............................................................................ 36

Figure 11 Medium gate waveforms.......................................................................................... 37

Figure 13 Ch1 Speed 0 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 38

Figure 12 Ch1 Speed 1 Time right to left ~ 105ps ................................................................. 38

Figure 14 Ch1 Speed 2 Time right to left ~ 130ps ................................................................. 39

Figure 15 Ch1 Speed 3 Time right to left ~ 270ps ................................................................. 39

Figure 16 Ch1 Speed 4 Time right to left ~ 500ps. ................................................................ 40

Figure 17 Ch1 Speed 5 Time right to left ~ 1ns ..................................................................... 40

Figure 18 Ch1 Speed 6 Time right to left ~ 2ns. .................................................................... 41

Figure 19 Ch1 Speed 7 Time right to left ~3.5ns ................................................................... 41

Figure 20 Ch1 Speed 8 Time right to left ~ 4ns. .................................................................... 42

Figure 21 Ch1 Speed 9 Time right to left ~ 5ns ..................................................................... 42

Figure 22 Ch1 Slow gate Time right to left ~ 210ns. ............................................................. 43

Figure 23 Ch1 Shortest gate - digitised and normalised ......................................................... 43

Figure 24 Ch2 Speed 0 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 44

Figure 25 Ch2 Speed 1 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 44

Figure 26 Ch2 Speed 2 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 45

Figure 27 Ch2 Speed 3 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 45

Figure 28 Ch2 Speed 4 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 46

Figure 29 Ch2 Speed 5 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 46

Figure 31 Ch2 Speed 6 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 47

Figure 32 Ch2 Speed 7 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 47

Figure 33 Ch2 Speed 8 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 48

Figure 34 Ch2 Speed 9 Time right to left ~90 ps. ................................................................. 48

Figure 35 Ch2 Slow gate Time right to left ~ 210ns. ............................................................. 49

Figure 36 Ch1 Shortest gate - digitised and normalised ......................................................... 49

Figure 37 Tube response........................................................................................................... 51

Figure 38 Tube response........................................................................................................... 53

Figure 39 Tube manufacturer’s instructions............................................................................. 54

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

Declaration of Conformity

We:- Kentech Instruments Ltd

The Isis Building

Howbery Park

Wallingford

Oxfordshire OX10 8BA, UK

Certify that this apparatus:

Kentech Instruments Ltd.

Serial no: J1408131

Conforms with the requirements of European Community Directives:

2006/95/EC Low Voltage Directive

2004/108/EC EMC Directive

768/2008/EC CE Marking Directive

The following harmonized standards have been applied:

BS EN55011:2009 +A1:2010 Radio-Frequency

disturbance characteristics. Industrial, Scientific, Medical

equipment

96/211711 DC Electromagnetic compatibility. Generic

Immunity Standard.

Part 2 Industrial environment (EN 50082-2)

BS EN 61010-1:2010 Safety Requirements for Electrical

Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use

The following documents contain additional relevant information:-

Kentech file reference J1408131

Name: Signature:

A.K.L. Dymoke-Bradshaw

On behalf of Kentech Instruments Ltd

Position: Issued:

Director 5th. February 2015

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

2 DISCLAIMER

There are high voltage power supplies (6kV) present in this instrument when the unit is operating. Do

not remove any covers from the GOI or expose any part of its circuitry. In the event of malfunction,

the GOI must be returned to Kentech Instruments Ltd. or its appointed agent for repair.

The accessible terminals of this instrument are protected from hazardous voltages by basic insulation

and protective grounding via the IEC power input connector. It is essential that the ground terminal

of this connector is earthed via the power lead to maintain this protection.

Kentech Instruments Ltd. accepts no responsibility for any electric shock or injury arising from

use or misuse of this product. It is the responsibility of the user to exercise care and common sense

with this highly versatile equipment.

Image intensier tubes are very delicate and very expensive and must be handled with great care

both in use and in storage. Read this manual before unpacking and using the instrument. Kentech

Instruments Ltd. accepts no responsibility for any damage to the intensier arising from misuse,

we offer the manufacturer’s warranty only on this component.

If cleaning is necessary this should be performed with a soft dry cloth or tissue only.

3 EMC CAUTION

This equipment includes circuits intentionally designed to generate short high energy electromagnetic

pulses and the EM emissions will be sensitive to the details of the experimental set up, particularly

in proximity to the cathode.

The emissions from this equipment should not exceed the limits specied in EN55011 “Emissions

Specication for Industrial, Scientic and Medical equipment” with the cathode and phosphor

windows covered with a conductive screen.

In practice with the user’s equipment in place and the conductive screens removed from cathode

and phosphor windows emissions may exceed E55011 and the unit may cause interference with

other equipment in its immediate environment. It is therefore suitable for use only in a laboratory

or a sealed electromagnetic environment, unless it is used in a system that has been veried by

the system builder to comply with EC directive 89/336/EEC. Use of this apparatus outside the

laboratory or sealed electromagnetic environment invalidates conformity with the EMC Directive

and could lead to prosecution.

4 MAGNETIC HAZARD

Each intensier head contains two strong neodymium large magnets. All normal care when working

with strong magnets should be employed. In particular:

1. If wearing a pacemaker keep the head at least 1 foot from your chest. Ideally get

someone else to do the work.

2. Be aware that the head will attract magnetic items. Be particularly careful of

normal tools and screws. Stainless steel screws are normally only slightly magnetic.

“Non-sparking” tools are also nearly non-magnetic. Non magnetic allen keys and

screwdrivers are readily available.

3. Do not place the head in a dusty environment that may contain magnetic particles.

4. If shipping the head be aware of various shipping regulations, particularly if it is

necessary to use air freight.

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

5. If operating the head on a magnetic optical table be very careful moving it around and

always clamp it rmly.

5 ABBREVIATIONS

ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ADC or adc Analogue to Digital Convertor

AF Across Flats

CCD Charge Coupled Device (camera)

cr carriage return

EEPROM Electrically programmable and erasable Read only memory, non-volatile

EHT or eht Extra High Tension (high voltage)

EMC Electromagentic Compatibility

FO Fibre Optic

GXD Gated X-ray Detector

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

JSON JavaScript Object Notation

lf Line Feed

MCP Micro Channel Plate

ND Neutral Density

PC Photo Cathode

PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency

PSU or psu power supply unit

SD Standard Deviation

sw software

URL Uniform Resource Locator

w.r.t. With Respect To

XML Extensible Markup Language

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

6 INTRODUCTION

This manual describes the operation and use of a dual channel gated optical intensier system. The

intensiers can be gated over the range ~80ps to DC, over an 18mm diameter cathode aperture.

The image intensiers used in this system is very sensitive to light when active and easily damaged.

Before turning the unit on always check that the light levels to be used are appropriate.

The unit has four modes of operation: DC on, slow gate (10ns - 10µs), medium gate (300ps to

5ns) and fast gate (<100ps to 250ps) and may thus be used as a fast camera or as an ungated image

intensier. The wafer type design gives a large number of pixels across the full 18mm diameter

cathodes. The resolution is typically 10 1pmm-1. The system has a maximum PRF of 100Hz so

sampling/scanning operation is possible.

The cathode responds to 840nm light which allows easy setup with a laser diode (not supplied).

7 SPECIFICATIONS OF THE SYSTEM

7.1 TRIGGER MODULE

Number of channels 4

Output ~500 volts into 50 Ω on each of 4 channels.

Jitter SD <20ps , typical gures <4ps

Trigger requirements 5V into 50Ω with <5ns rise.

Power requirements 110/240 VAC <100W.

PRF 100Hz.

Dimensions 1U, 19inch x 400mm

7.2 DRIVER AND HEADS

Number of channels 2

Intensier type Photonis XK2050JE

18mm micro channel plate intensied wafer genII

S20 cathode on quartz input window

P43 phosphor on bre optic output.

MCP (gain) 260 through 925 volts mapped linearly to gain settings

of 0 through 1000 in steps of 1.

Phosphor voltage 6kV w.r.t. MCP output,

i.e. the absolute value wrt ground = 6kV + MCP out.

Gating times ≤100ps to 1ms but see gate proles in section 15 on

page 39

Spatial resolution 10 1pmm-1 typical

Power requirements 110/240 VAC <100W.

PRF 100Hz.

Trigger delay (typical)

Fast mode speed 0 54ns

Medium mode speed 3 65ns

Slow mode 104ns

Jitter SD <20ps , typical gures <4ps

Trigger requirements 500V into 50Ω with <1ns rise.

Length of umbilical nominally 3m

Dimensions 3U, 19inch x 500mm

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

8 PRINCIPALS OF OPERATION

The camera is very simple in operation. It consists of a micro channel plate intensier tube congured

for the fast application of high voltage gate pulses to the cathode with a high voltage supply for

the tube bias voltages.

The tube is biased off by means of a small positive potential applied to the cathode with respect to

the channel plate input. A short duration negative pulse is applied to the cathode in order to gate

the camera on. There are two different mechanisms to apply this pulse, which is used depends on

the selected gating mode.

8.1 FAST AND MEDIUM MODES

The gating pulse is applied to the relatively high capacitance load presented by the cathode via

a ring electrode which is capacitively coupled to the cathode. The cathode forms the centre plate

in a capacitive divider. The capacitive load seen by the pulser is reduced at the expense of pulse

amplitude. The high voltage available from our fast pulse generators allows the voltage division

ratio to be >10:1 with a 1/10 reduction in the load seen by the driver. This allows the very fast gating

which is available with the GOI. The gate time is adjustable from <100ps to 5ns.

8.2 SLOW MODES

The gating pulse is conventionally driven by a suitable pulse applied directly to the cathode. The

gate time is adjustable from 100ns to 1ms.

8.3 COHERENT LIGHT ILLUMINATION

The high resolution and large cathode area result in a very large number of pixels in the gated

image. The input aperture to the intensier tube is clear and coherent light may be imaged onto the

cathode without the production of interference fringes. Some units use a gating mesh and are not

suitable for coherent light. This unit has no mesh.

9 POWER SUPPLY

The electronic package which drives the intensiers in the GOI is housed in one box. The box

contains four sections.

These are:

1. Low voltage power supply

2. Micro processor

3. High voltage pulse generators and delaying circuits.

4. High voltage tube bias supply

The system can be controlled remotely using RS232 connection on the rear panel or via the front

panel Ethernet connection. In this case it is more suitable to use a Labview driver. Without the

Labview driver the Ethernet can be used with “POST” and “GET” functions.

The following is relevant to each channel separately. Apart from a few commands the two channels

are completely independent. There is a trigger indicator light which shows when a trigger has been

received. There is an adjustable delay circuit which provides a total of ~50ns timing adjustment

in the trigger circuit. There is a second adjustable delay generator that controls the timing of the

“OFF” edge of the gate pulse in medium mode. In fast mode the gate width is only controlled by

the reverse bias applied to the cathode.

Kentech Instruments Ltd., Isis Building, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA, U.K.

Last Modied 5-2-15

The high voltage tube bias supply provides the static potentials required for the intensier tube.

The channel plate voltage is variable to adjust the intensier gain.

In DC mode the cathode is biased at approximately -50 volts with respect to the channel plate input.

The DC mode is only maintained for 5 seconds. After this it will switch off to protect the tube. The

intensier must not be left for a long time with a bright and damaging image on the phosphor. In

the slow gate mode the cathode is normally biased at approximately +50Volts with respect to the

channel plate input. The intensier is off in this state. At the application of a trigger signal to the

supply the cathode is pulsed to -50Volts, with respect to the channel plate input, for 100ns to 1ms,

turning the intensier on for this period.

In fast mode a variable positive bias is applied to the cathode with respect to the channel plate

input. This bias is overcome when the fast gate signal from the pulser is applied to the imager. The

bias is varied automatically by the microprocessor to give the correct gate time. Gate duration can

be selected from ~100ps to~ 5ns with one of 10 durations, see section 15 on page 39. The trigger

delay is different between fast mode and medium/slow mode, but note that different pulse generator

circuits are used for these modes and there can be some variation in the respective delays of the

order of 10ps as the unit warms up after switching modes. Note speeds 0,1,2 use a different set of

electronics from speeds 3 through 9. If changing from one set to another allow a little while for

temperature stabilisation if timing is critical.

The electrical delay in the GOI between the arrival of a trigger pulse at the front panel and the arrival

of the gate pulse at the cathode is shown in the specication see section 7 on page 8.

10 CONNECTIONS AND MECHANICS

The unit is supplied with the detection heads disconnected from the control unit.

These need to be connected before use.

The driver should not be switched on without the heads connected and the rear plastic

cover secured in place.

10.1 ATTACHING A HEAD TO THE CONTROL UNIT

1. Make sure there is no power connected to the control unit.

2. Remove the rear white plastic cover of the control unit

This needs the removal of ve M2.5 allen head screws. Tool 2mm AF.

3. The head labelled as Channel 1 must be connected to the channel one connections

on the rear of the control unit and Channel 2 to the channel 2 connections. Although

the heads may well work ne if switched, the software knows the maximum voltage

ratings of each tube and is set up not to exceed this for each tube. Similarly if more

than one system is available the heads should not be mixed up. The tube serial

numbers as well as the channel numbers are labelled both on the heads and on the rear

panel of the driver.

Indice

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