Lucent MAX 6000 Series Manuale di istruzioni

MAX™

Administration Guide

Part number 7820-0678-002

For software version 9.0

January 2001

Lucent Technologies

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MAX Administration Guide iii

Customer Service

To obtain product and service information, software upgrades, and technical assistance, visit

the eSight™ Service Center at http://www.esight.com. The center is open 24 hours a

day, seven days a week.

Finding information and software

The eSight Service Center at http://www.esight.com provides technical information,

product information, and descriptions of available services. Log in and select a service. The

eSight Service Center also provides software upgrades, release notes, and addenda. Or you can

visit the FTP site at ftp://ftp.ascend.com for this information.

Obtaining technical assistance

The eSight™ Service Center at http://www.esight.com provides access to technical

support. You can obtain technical assistance through email or the Internet, or by telephone.

If you need to contact Lucent Technologies for assistance, make sure that you have the

following information available:

• Active contract number, product name, model, and serial number

• Software version

• Software and hardware options

• If supplied by your carrier, service profile identifiers (SPIDs) associated with your line

• Your local telephone company’s switch type and operating mode, such as AT&T 5ESS

Custom or Northern Telecom National ISDN-1

• Whether you are routing or bridging with your Lucent product

• Type of computer you are using

• Description of the problem

Obtaining assistance through email or the Internet

If your services agreement allows, you can communicate directly with a technical engineer

through Email Technical Support or eSight Live chat. Select one of these sites when you log in

to http://www.esight.com.

Calling the technical assistance center (TAC)

If you cannot find an answer through the tools and information on eSight or if you have a very

urgent need, contact TAC. Access the eSight Service Center at http://www.esight.com

and click Contact Us below the Lucent Technologies logo for a list of telephone numbers

inside and outside the United States.

You can alternatively call (800) 272-3634 for a menu of Lucent services, or call

(510) 769-6001 for an operator. If you do not have an active services agreement or contract,

you will be charged for time and materials.

MAX Administration Guide v

Table of Contents

Customer Service ..................................................................................................................... iii

About This Guide............................................................................ xvii

What you should know ......................................................................................................... xvii

Documentation conventions ................................................................................................. xviii

The MAX documentation set ..................................................................................................xix

Chapter 1 Administering MAX Hardware ....................................................... 1-1

Troubleshooting POST .......................................................................................................... 1-1

Interpreting indicator lights .................................................................................................... 1-2

MAX 6000 ...................................................................................................................... 1-2

MAX 3000 ...................................................................................................................... 1-5

Troubleshooting the Fault indicator light .......................................................................1-7

MAX 800 ........................................................................................................................1-7

Troubleshooting the No Logical Link status .......................................................................... 1-9

Troubleshooting the AIM port interface ................................................................................ 1-9

Testing the AIM port interface ..................................................................................... 1-10

Calls fail between AIM ports ........................................................................................ 1-10

Excessive data errors on calls to AIM ports .................................................................1-11

Troubleshooting a codec ...................................................................................................... 1-12

The codec indicates that there is no connection ...........................................................1-12

The codec does not receive data ................................................................................... 1-12

The codec cannot establish a call ..................................................................................1-13

Calls initiated by control-lead toggling are cleared too soon .......................................1-13

The codec cannot clear a call ........................................................................................ 1-13

Troubleshooting cable issues ............................................................................................... 1-14

Displaying interface statistics .............................................................................................. 1-14

Using modems to perform administrative tasks ...................................................................1-16

Booting from a FAT-formatted PCMCIA card .................................................................... 1-17

Chapter 2 DO Commands and Administrative Tasks.................................... 2-1

Activating administrative permissions ................................................................................... 2-1

Performing basic administration ............................................................................................ 2-3

Managing sessions .......................................................................................................... 2-3

Copying FXS profiles with the DO Commands .............................................................2-4

Managing calls ................................................................................................................2-5

Testing and troubleshooting ...................................................................................................2-6

Using bit-error tests ........................................................................................................ 2-6

Using remote loopback ...................................................................................................2-8

Using remote management ........................................................................................... 2-10

DO Command operations .............................................................................................2-11

vi MAXAdministrationGuide

Contents

Chapter 3 Terminal-Server Administrative Tasks.......................................... 3-1

Enabling and configuring the interface .................................................................................. 3-1

Configuring the interface ................................................................................................ 3-2

Configuring the Session Options profile ........................................................................ 3-3

Navigating to and from the interface ..................................................................................... 3-4

Testing the MAX unit ............................................................................................................ 3-4

Understanding test results ...................................................................................................... 3-6

Starting remote management sessions ................................................................................... 3-7

Disconnecting user Telnet connections .................................................................................. 3-9

Using Set commands .............................................................................................................. 3-9

Enable password mode ...........................................................................................................3-9

Using Show commands ........................................................................................................ 3-10

Displaying uptime and revision .................................................................................... 3-10

Displaying modem status .............................................................................................. 3-11

Displaying V.110 terminal adapter status ..................................................................... 3-12

Displaying call and user activity ................................................................................... 3-13

Displaying active sessions ............................................................................................ 3-13

Displaying Dialed Number Information Service activity ............................................. 3-15

Using the Show Filters command ................................................................................. 3-17

Displaying information related to virtual routing ......................................................... 3-21

Chapter 4 Changing System Software Versions ........................................... 4-1

Preparing to change system software .....................................................................................4-2

Enabling Field Service and Operations parameters ........................................................4-2

Staying with the same software build .............................................................................4-2

Alternative builds for a MAX 6000 unit .........................................................................4-2

Using TFTP to upgrade or downgrade ...................................................................................4-3

Creating redundant backup images for a MAX 6000 unit .............................................. 4-3

Using TFTP to upgrade ................................................................................................... 4-4

Using TFTP to downgrade .............................................................................................. 4-5

Using the serial port to upgrade or downgrade ......................................................................4-6

Saving your current profiles ........................................................................................... 4-6

Upgrading system software ............................................................................................4-7

After the upgrade ............................................................................................................ 4-8

Restoring correct RADIUS parameters .................................................................................. 4-8

Notice of discontinuance of configurable RADIUS port and ID space .................................4-9

Chapter 5 Administering E1 and T1 Services................................................ 5-1

Troubleshooting a Red Alarm ................................................................................................ 5-2

Verifying enabled lines ................................................................................................... 5-2

Verifying Framing Mode settings ...................................................................................5-3

Resolving cabling issues .................................................................................................5-3

Summary of Red Alarm causes and solutions ................................................................ 5-3

Troubleshooting a blinking Alarm ......................................................................................... 5-4

Integrated CSU for T1/PRI ............................................................................................. 5-4

Remedying D-channel issues .......................................................................................... 5-5

Summary of blinking Alarm potential causes and possible solutions ............................ 5-7

Using Net/E1 and Net/T1 status windows ............................................................................. 5-7

Listing WAN interface features ...................................................................................... 5-7

Displaying errors ............................................................................................................. 5-8

Contents

MAX Administration Guide vii

Displaying link and channel status ................................................................................. 5-8

Displaying FDL statistics .............................................................................................. 5-10

Fractional T1 services ...................................................................................................5-12

Using line diagnostics .......................................................................................................... 5-13

Clearing user error event and performance registers .................................................... 5-13

Initiating a line loopback test ........................................................................................ 5-14

Swapping NFAS status ................................................................................................. 5-14

Testing the lines ............................................................................................................5-15

Remedying Trunk Down state .............................................................................................5-15

Using terminal-server commands ........................................................................................5-16

Resetting the unit and clearing calls ............................................................................. 5-16

Displaying the source of clocking ................................................................................5-16

Specifying channels for E1 and T1 ...................................................................................... 5-17

Verifying E1 and T1 parameter settings ..............................................................................5-17

E1-specific parameter settings ...................................................................................... 5-17

T1-specific parameter settings ...................................................................................... 5-18

Fractional T1-specific parameters ................................................................................ 5-19

T1/PRI-specific parameters .......................................................................................... 5-20

PBX-T1 specific parameters ......................................................................................... 5-21

Troubleshooting channels .................................................................................................... 5-22

Chapter 6 Administering ISDN........................................................................ 6-1

Troubleshooting BRI interface problems ............................................................................... 6-1

WAN calling errors in outbound Net/BRI calls .............................................................. 6-1

Calls are not dialed or answered reliably ........................................................................ 6-2

The Net/BRI lines do not dial or answer calls ................................................................6-2

Displaying E1 ISDN call information .................................................................................... 6-2

Displaying ISDN events .........................................................................................................6-3

Understanding ISDN cause codes .......................................................................................... 6-4

Chapter 7 Administering TCP/IP..................................................................... 7-1

Managing the Internet Protocol (IP) ...................................................................................... 7-2

IP-routing environment ................................................................................................... 7-2

Displaying IP information .............................................................................................. 7-2

Troubleshooting IP routing ............................................................................................. 7-3

Displaying IP route statistics ..........................................................................................7-7

Displaying IP statistics and addresses ............................................................................ 7-8

RIP updates and IP routes ...............................................................................................7-9

Displaying address pool status ...................................................................................... 7-10

Displaying DNS-related information ................................................................................... 7-10

Displaying the local DNS fallback table .......................................................................7-10

Editing the local DNS table ..........................................................................................7-12

Displaying Multicast information ........................................................................................7-13

Displaying the multicast forwarding table .................................................................... 7-13

Listing multicast clients ................................................................................................7-14

Displaying IP-multicast activity ................................................................................... 7-15

Using VRouter-related terminal-server commands .............................................................7-15

Displaying UDP packet information .................................................................................... 7-16

Managing the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) .............................................................7-19

Displaying and clearing the ARP cache ...............................................................................7-19

Managing the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ..................................................7-20

viii MAX AdministrationGuide

Contents

Pinging remote IP hosts ................................................................................................7-21

Displaying ICMP information ...................................................................................... 7-22

Preventing ICMP security breaches .............................................................................. 7-22

Managing the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ............................................................. 7-23

Verifying the transmission path to NetWare stations ...................................................7-23

Displaying IPX packet statistics ................................................................................... 7-25

Displaying the IPX service table .................................................................................. 7-25

Displaying the IPX routing table .................................................................................. 7-25

Managing the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol .................................................... 7-26

Displaying OSPF information ...................................................................................... 7-26

Verifying OSPF-related parameter settings ..................................................................7-36

Working with the OSPF routing table .......................................................................... 7-37

Multipath routing .......................................................................................................... 7-39

Third-party routing ....................................................................................................... 7-40

How OSPF adds RIP routes .......................................................................................... 7-40

Route preferences .........................................................................................................7-40

MD5 cryptographic authentication ............................................................................... 7-42

Enabling Finger support ....................................................................................................... 7-42

Understanding the AppleTalk-routing environment ............................................................7-43

Chapter 8 Administering PAD, X.25, and Frame Relay ................................. 8-1

Administering X.25 ................................................................................................................8-1

Displaying information about X.25 ................................................................................ 8-2

X.25 clear cause codes .................................................................................................... 8-3

X.25 diagnostic field values ............................................................................................ 8-3

Administering PAD ................................................................................................................ 8-5

Displaying information about PAD sessions .................................................................. 8-6

Verifying PAD-related settings ...................................................................................... 8-6

Understanding PAD service signals ............................................................................... 8-7

Administering Frame Relay ................................................................................................... 8-8

Using the Set commands to configure Frame Relay .............................................................. 8-9

Chapter 9 Using Traps to Monitor Performance............................................ 9-1

Establishing SNMP access security ....................................................................................... 9-1

Enabling SNMP Set commands ...................................................................................... 9-2

Setting community strings .............................................................................................. 9-2

Setting up and enforcing address security ......................................................................9-2

Resetting the MAX and verifying reset .......................................................................... 9-2

Specifying User-based security ...................................................................................... 9-3

Example of SNMP security configuration ...................................................................... 9-3

Using the SNMPv3 User-based Security Model ....................................................................9-4

Verifying Network Management is installed .................................................................. 9-4

Required SNMP Options profile settings ....................................................................... 9-4

Required SNMPv3 USM Users profile settings ............................................................. 9-5

Using SNMP traps ................................................................................................................. 9-6

Understanding the SNMP trap parameters ..................................................................... 9-7

Example SNMP trap configuration .................................................................................9-7

Enable Traps profile settings ..........................................................................................9-8

Using OSPF-related SNMP traps ......................................................................................... 9-10

SNMP Trap profile settings .......................................................................................... 9-10

Mod Config settings ...................................................................................................... 9-10

Contents

MAX Administration Guide ix

Enable Traps profile settings ........................................................................................9-11

Administering virtual interfaces ...................................................................................9-11

Administering nonvirtual interfaces ............................................................................. 9-12

Administering Link-State Advertisements ................................................................... 9-13

Matching an OSPF trap to an SNMP trap ID in RFC 1850 .......................................... 9-13

Alarm/Error and Security events .......................................................................................... 9-14

Alarm/Error events ....................................................................................................... 9-14

Security events .............................................................................................................. 9-15

Appendix A Understanding Syslog messages .................................................A-1

Verifying Syslog support ...................................................................................................... A-2

Understanding Message Log status window ......................................................................... A-2

Understanding Level 4 and Level 6 messages ...................................................................... A-3

Understanding Level 5 messages .......................................................................................... A-4

Gathering tunneling information ........................................................................................... A-4

Call ID values ........................................................................................................................ A-5

ATMP-related disconnect codes ........................................................................................... A-5

Understanding disconnect codes and progress codes ........................................................... A-6

Disconnect codes and their meanings ................................................................................... A-7

Progress codes and their meanings ..................................................................................... A-10

Code combinations and their possible meanings ................................................................ A-12

Appendix B Diagnostic Parameters and Commands .......................................B-1

Using diagnostics-related VT100 commands ........................................................................B-1

Using administrator-only commands ..............................................................................B-1

Using BRI/LT-related commands ...................................................................................B-5

Using E1-related commands ...........................................................................................B-8

Using Host/Dual (Host/6) Port-related commands .........................................................B-9

Using Modem-related commands .................................................................................B-10

Using T1-related commands .........................................................................................B-12

Using diagnostics-related DO commands ............................................................................B-14

? .....................................................................................................................................B-14

ARPTable ......................................................................................................................B-15

Clocksource ..................................................................................................................B-16

Clr-History ....................................................................................................................B-17

CoreDump .....................................................................................................................B-17

Diag ...............................................................................................................................B-18

Diag ? ............................................................................................................................B-18

Diag AddrPool ..............................................................................................................B-20

Diag Callback ...............................................................................................................B-21

Diag IPXrip ...................................................................................................................B-21

Diag Modemdrv ............................................................................................................B-22

Diag Networki ...............................................................................................................B-25

Diag PPPFSM ...............................................................................................................B-25

Diag PPPIF ...................................................................................................................B-27

Diag PPTPData .............................................................................................................B-28

Diag RadAcct ................................................................................................................B-28

Diag RadIF ....................................................................................................................B-29

Diag Routmgr ...............................................................................................................B-30

Diag SNTP ....................................................................................................................B-30

Diag Telnet ...................................................................................................................B-31

xMAXAdministrationGuide

Contents

Ether-Display ................................................................................................................B-31

Fatal-History .................................................................................................................B-32

FClear ............................................................................................................................B-36

FRestore ........................................................................................................................B-36

FSave ............................................................................................................................B-36

Heartbeat .......................................................................................................................B-36

Help ...............................................................................................................................B-37

Lanport Modem ............................................................................................................B-37

Lcstate ...........................................................................................................................B-38

MdbStr ..........................................................................................................................B-39

MDialout .......................................................................................................................B-40

ModemDiag ..................................................................................................................B-40

ModemDrvDump ..........................................................................................................B-42

NetRoute .......................................................................................................................B-42

NSLookup .....................................................................................................................B-42

NVRAMClear ...............................................................................................................B-43

PPPDump N ..................................................................................................................B-44

PPPInfo .........................................................................................................................B-44

PPTPCM .......................................................................................................................B-45

PPTPEC ........................................................................................................................B-45

PPTPSend .....................................................................................................................B-46

PRIDisplay ....................................................................................................................B-46

Quit ...............................................................................................................................B-47

RadStats ........................................................................................................................B-47

Reset ..............................................................................................................................B-48

Revision ........................................................................................................................B-48

T1coredisplay ................................................................................................................B-49

Tempdisplay ..................................................................................................................B-49

TLoadCode ...................................................................................................................B-49

TRestore ........................................................................................................................B-51

TSave ............................................................................................................................B-51

Update ...........................................................................................................................B-51

WANDisplay ................................................................................................................B-52

WANDSess ...................................................................................................................B-53

WANNext .....................................................................................................................B-53

WANOpening ...............................................................................................................B-54

WDDialout ....................................................................................................................B-54

Using diagnostics-related DO commands for the MAX 6000 unit’s PCMCIA card ...........B-54

FImageCopy ..................................................................................................................B-54

Fload .............................................................................................................................B-55

Format ...........................................................................................................................B-56

FVersionInfo .................................................................................................................B-56

Ls ..................................................................................................................................B-57

MkDir ............................................................................................................................B-57

Mv .................................................................................................................................B-57

Rm .................................................................................................................................B-58

TLoadCode ...................................................................................................................B-58

Understanding Diagnostic command output ........................................................................B-59

Breaking down the raw data .................................................................................................B-60

Contents

MAX Administration Guide xi

Appendix C Machine Interface Format (MIF) .....................................................C-1

Accessing the interface ..........................................................................................................C-1

Using full and partial addresses .............................................................................................C-2

Using supported commands ...................................................................................................C-4

Understanding responses ................................................................................................C-4

Loading and saving entities ............................................................................................C-4

Getting an entity’s current value .....................................................................................C-5

Getting the address and value of the next entity .............................................................C-5

Modifying parameter values ...........................................................................................C-6

MIF traps and asynchronous reports ...............................................................................C-6

Understanding command-line basics .....................................................................................C-7

Modifying an entity in the edit area .......................................................................................C-8

Using supported types ..........................................................................................................C-10

Index...........................................................................................Index-1

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