8
1.1.3. Engine Components
The D-243 diesel engines in accordance with Figs 1 and 2 and the D-245 diesel engines
in accordance with Figs 5 and 6 are basic models. Their modifications differ from the basic model
in the power regulation, standard equipment, starting device and design of some parts.
Depending on the purpose, the diesel engines may be equipped with additional assembly
units: air compressor, gear pump of the steering booster with drive and clutch disk assemblies.
When installing on the tractor (machine), the diesel engine shall be fit additionally with
water and oil radiator, electric equipment as well as control instruments.
The diesel engines can be started by an electric starter.
The design differences of the diesel engines from the basic model consist in the follow-
ing:
- in the D-241 diesels, in accordance with Fig. 4, the exhaust connection is altered with
installation of a muffler in the zone of the fourth cylinder;
- the D-242 diesel engines, in accordance with Fig. 5, as well as on the D-244, are fitted
with the crankshaft without counterweights, fan with the diameter of 450 mm (17.72 in), short-
ened intake manifold, crankcase pulley with the diameter of 170 mm (6.69 in), side nipple of the
air cleaner with the diameter of 57 mm (2.24 in), oil pump and its driving gear unified with the D-
50 diesel.
The main differences of the D-245 diesel engine from the D-243 one:
- the turbo-supercharger is installed;
- the design of the connections of the intake and exhaust manifolds, crankshaft pulleys,
water pump and alternator;
- an additional V-belt is introduced for driving the fan and alternator;
- the special sprayers for cooling the pistons with oil jets are provided in the main sup-
ports of the cylinder block;
- the fuel pump is equipped with an antismoke corrector (ASC);
- the cylinder head has insert valve seats made of heat- and wear-proof alloy;
- an insert of special cast iron is founded under the first compression ring;
- the upper compression ring has trapezoid shape;
- the crankshaft and connecting rods are made of stronger materials;
- six-blade fan with he diameter of 456 mm (17.95 in);
- high-capacity oil pump;
- air cleaner with the diameter of 270 mm (10.63 in);
- centrifugal oil filter has increased capacity;
- linger flywheel pins for installation of a double-disk clutch.
The main differences of the D-245.2 diesel engine from the D-245 one:
- a supercharging air cooler is fitted;
- adjustment parameters of the fuel pump;
- three-grooved pistons К.343N manufactured by the "Petar Drapshin", Serbia;
- three-ring set (6-2143-25/3, 6-0970-05/4 and 7-2146-54-0/3) of piston rings manu-
factured by the "Buzuluk" Company, Czech Republic;
- Cylinder sleeves 245-1002021-А manufactured by the “Krotoszin” Company, Po-
land.
The diesel engines are equipped with the tachometer drives corresponding to the rated
rotational frequency of the crankshaft.
The tachometer drive housing is marked with numbers. The number 40 indicated that the
reduction gear is intended for the engine with the rated rotational speed of 1,700 rpm, 50 – 1,800
rpm, 80 – 2,100 rpm and 90 – 2200 rpm.
