Northern Lights LX-E Manuale di programmazione

LX-E A.C. GENERATOR

For Generator Model:

LX-E 34 E

OPERATOR’S

& PARTS

MANUAL

OPERATOR’S

& PARTS

MANUAL

Northern Lights

4420 14th Avenue N.W.

Seattle, WA 98107

Tel: (206) 789-3880

Fax: (206) 782-5455

the Northern Lights logo are trademarks of

Northern Lights, Inc.

Printed in U.S.A.

PART NO.: OLXE 03/10

Diesel engine exhaust and some of its constitu-

ents are known to the State of California to cause

cancer, birth defects, and other reproductive harm.

— CALIFORNIA —

Proposition 65 Warning:

OLXE 03/10

OPERATOR’S & PARTS

MANUAL OLXE

For Generator Model:

LX-E 34E

Read this manual thoroughly before starting your equipment.

This manual contains information needed to operate your set correctly and safely.

Introduction......................................................................4

Safety Rules .....................................................................4

Models and Serial Numbers ...........................................5

Mechanical Construction .................................................6

INITIAL INSPECTION AND COUPLING

Initial Inspection..........................................................6

Coupling with Prime Mover........................................6

Grounding ...................................................................6

PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTION

Excitation System........................................................7

Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) ..........................7

Under Speed Protection...............................................7

Rotary Rectiﬁer and Surge Suppressor .......................7

CHARACTERISTICS

Voltage Regulation ......................................................8

Response .....................................................................8

Voltage Stability ..........................................................8

Short Circuit................................................................8

Phase Rotation.............................................................8

STANDARD VOLTAGE SELECTION TABLE .........8

OPERATION - GENERATOR SET

Starting........................................................................9

Voltage Adjustment.....................................................9

Running.......................................................................9

Stopping......................................................................9

OPERATION - VOLTAGE REGULATOR

Safety Rules ................................................................9

Operation ....................................................................9

Adjustment..................................................................9

MAINTENANCE

Bearing Inspection ................................................... 10

Insulation Resistance Measurement Method ........... 10

Rotating Rectiﬁer Assembly ................................... 10

Parts Replacement Method ...............................10 - 11

Automatic Voltage Regulator Maintenance..............11

SPECIFICATIONS

Generator Speciﬁcations.......................................... 12

Voltage Regulator Speciﬁcations............................. 13

TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................. 14

PARTS LIST....................................................... 15 - 16

WIRING DIAGRAM

AVR DST-100-2FAK ............................................. 17

Connection Schematic............................................. 18

Table of Contents

Proprietary Information

This publication is the property of Northern Lights, Inc.

It may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the written permission of Northern Lights, Inc.

OLXE 03/10

Introduction

This manual describes procedures for operation,

maintenance, inspection and adjustment. It will help the

operator realize peak performance through effective,

economical and safe operation.

• Read this manual carefully BEFORE operating the

generator.

• Study this manual until proper operation becomes

personal habit.

• Operation, inspection, and maintenance should be

carried out carefully. Safety must be given the ﬁrst .

priority.

Safety Rules

• To insure years of trouble-free operation, the

speciﬁed maintenance is important and should be

performed.

• Electrical equipment should always be kept

clean. Oil, dust, moisture and salt are all harmful

to generators.

• Be careful with electricity. Do not touch rotating

parts.

• Ambient Environmental Conditions

a) Gas: Do not use in an environment of corrosive

or ﬂammable gas (gasoline, hydrogen sulﬁde,

methane gas, etc.)

b) Sandy Dust: Do not use equipment in places

with excessive sand and dust.

c) Humidity: Do not use in very humid

environments for long periods of time.

d) Salt/Seawater: Protect your generator from

exposure to salt, water, and water vapor.

• Insulation Resistance and Dielectric: When

measuring insulation resistance and dielectric, be

sure to disconnect the AVR and rectiﬁer.

• Be sure that the regulator is shut off by switching the

CPR (circuit breaker) on the AVR to the off position

when the unit is running at less than rated speed, or

when the unit is to be run but no power generation is

required.

• Before starting your generator, be sure operating

conditions are safe.

• Ventilation: When selecting the installation site, be

sure that the area is well ventilated and that ambient

temperature does not exceed 40°C.

• Be sure to provide generator with cover and

protection when operating outside.

LX-E Series AC generators are based on

BS 4999 part 20 and IEC34-5, IP22.

OLXE 03/10

Model and Serial Numbers

GENERATOR END MODEL NUMBER

Generator Set Model No ....................... Generator Model

M944T ...........................................................LX-E 34E

SERIAL NUMBERS

• When referencing Northern Lights equipment by serial

number, it is important to differentiate between the engine,

generator end, and generator set serial numbers.

• The engine serial number is either on a metal tag or stamped

directly into the engine block.

• The generator END serial number is on a metal tag attached

to the generator end.

• The generator SET serial number is on a separate metal tag

attached to the generator end. It may be a ﬁve by one inch tag

installed directly below the generator end tag. Or, it may look

like the illustrations below. Please use the generator SET number

in correspondence or when ordering parts.

Figure 1: Generator Set Serial Number Plate

AC Generator Data

Generator Set Data

Northern Lights, Inc., WA USA

www.northern-lights.com

Model No.

Serial No.

DUTY

KVA

RPM

HERTZ

PHASE

°C RISE

RULE

WIRE

INSUL

AMB°C

VOLTS

AMPS

Set Serial

Set Model

OLXE 03/10

Mechanical Construction

STATOR

The stator frame is fabricated from rolled steel. The

round construction provides rigidity and strength to

resist excessive mechanical shocks. The stator core is

made of high quality silicon steel plates coated with

insulating ﬁlm for prevention of eddy currents. The

core is positioned along the internal surface of the

frame. The exciter ﬁeld core is made of special steel

plates capable of retaining a high degree of residual

magnetism.

BEARINGS

The long-life ball bearings are sealed to prevent grease

from escaping and to keep dirt out.

ROTOR

The rotor shaft is made of high quality carbon steel,

and is designed and manufactured to be mechanically

durable. The rotor is a salient revolving ﬁeld type

with the main ﬁeld core made from special steel plates

having superior magnetic characteristics. The ﬁeld

core elements, exciter rotor, rotary rectiﬁer and

cooling fan are integral parts of the same shaft.

VENTILATION

Cooling is provided by the cooling fan of the rotor

through suction ports and exhausted through outlet

ports. Every machine conforms to the cooling code

ICO1 of BS.

Initial Inspection and Coupling

INITIAL INSPECTION

If the generator is stored for long periods of time, store

in a clean, dry, ventilated area. After extensive storage

time, check the resistance of the coil insulation in accor-

dance with this manual (see MAINTENANCE, page

11) before operation. Be sure there are no abnormal

sounds or any overheating during operation.

COUPLING WITH PRIME MOVER

LX-E series single bearing generators make centering and

direct coupling easy. Coupling bolt torque is 35 ft.-lb.

GROUNDING

The neutral is not grounded to the frame unless

speciﬁed.

OLXE 03/10

Performance and Function

EXCITATION SYSTEM

The excitation system of the LX-E Series generator uses an

Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) which uses a portion

of the output power to supply controlled DC power to the

exciter ﬁeld (EX) as show in Figure 2. When DC power is

supplied to the exciter ﬁeld, output from the exciter armature

is rectiﬁed by a 3-phase bridge rotary rectiﬁer (Si) and

supplied to the main ﬁeld coils. See Figure 2.

AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR (AVR)

The LX-E generators use a DST-100-2FAK AVR. This is a

compact voltage regulator for generators with an output up

to 50kW. The AVR can be used in 120V single phase

applications and is installed inside the generator junction

box.

The AVR obtains sensing input from the main stator coils

and compares the rectiﬁed value of the sensing voltage with

the reference voltage produced inside the AVR. Input power

is obtained from the main stator.

Rectiﬁed output power to the exciter ﬁeld is controlled by

switching a transistor on and off. This AVR will control

terminal voltage even if the input sine wave is distorted.

Figure 2: LX-E Block Diagram

AVR: Automatic Voltage

Regulator

EX: Exciter

Si: Rotating Rectiﬁer

Figure 4: For 60 Hz

Figure 3: For 50 Hz

UNDER SPEED PROTECTION

A frequency sensing circuit is built into the AVR.

When the generator speed drops to 90% of rated

speed this circuit protects the AVR by reducing

the voltage in proportion to the decrease in engine

speed. In addition, when the generator is hit with a

rapid overload, this circuit will lower the voltage to

protect the engine. See Figures 3 & 4.

ROTARY RECTIFIER AND SURGE

SUPPRESSOR

The rotary rectiﬁer assembly, consisting of six

diodes, functions as a 3-phase full wave rectiﬁer for

the output of the exciter armature and supplies this

to the main ﬁeld. To protect the diodes from large,

instantaneous voltage surges, surge absorbers are

provided as part of the rotating rectiﬁer assembly.

OLXE 03/10

Characteristics

VOLTAGE REGULATION

Generator terminal voltage regulation is within ±1% of the

rated voltage in lagging power factor. 1.0 to 0.8, when the

load is varied gradually from no load to full load. This value

includes the temperature drift and rotating variation.

RESPONSE

After supplying a load instantaneously, the generator voltage

should be restored to the steady condition in accordance with

BS4999 Part 40, grade VR2.11 to VR2.23.

VOLTAGE STABILITY

In constant load and engine speed, voltage stability remains

0.25% of the rated voltage.

Winding Connection Frequency Voltages

3 Phase Series Star 60 Hz 480/277 460/266 440/254 416/240

(High Wye) 50 Hz 415/240 400/231 380/219

3 Phase Parallel Star 60 Hz 240/139 230/133 220/127 208/120

(Low Wye) 50 Hz 208/120 200/115 190/110

1 Phase 60 Hz 120/240

50 Hz 100/200 110/220 115/230 120/240

SHORT CIRCUIT

LX-E Series AC generators can provide over 300% of the

rated current for a short period of time, with an excitation

support system.

PHASE ROTATION

Phase sequence is T1-T2-T3 (U-V-W, A-B-C) with a

counterclockwise rotation of generator viewed from the

anti-coupling side.

Figure 5: Standard Voltage Table

Standard Voltage Tables and Connection Diagrams

Standard voltage selection table and connection diagram for LX-E Series 3-phase 12-wire AC

generators. See AC wiring schematic page 19.

OLXE 03/10

Operation – Generator Set

STARTING

Before starting generator, check the following:

1. Make sure that the wiring is correct.

2. Be sure that nothing is blocking the air inlet/ outlet.

3. Make sure that the inside of the generator is clean.

4. Be sure the main line circuit breaker is switched

OFF.

After checking each of the above, start the generator in the

following procedure:

1. Start engine in accordance with instructions in the

Operator’s Manual. Be sure there is no abnormal

sound or vibration.

2. The voltage will rise due to the increase in generator

speed. After making sure that each interphase voltage

is balanced, set the voltage and frequency to the rated

level. Be sure the CPR switch is “ON”. The voltage

will not rise with CPR “OFF”.

3. After running the generator without load, switch the

circuit breaker ON to start the load operation.

VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT

The generator has been adjusted to obtain optimum

voltage at the factory. If the voltage is different, adjust

the voltage with the Voltage Adjust provided on the

AVR.

RUNNING

Check the following while operating the generator:

1. Abnormal vibration and/or sound

2. Load

3. Environment:

Keep the air inlet/outlet clean and clear for optimum

cooling. Insufﬁcient cooling causes overheating of the

generator.

Note: When a 3-phase generator is used at single phase

load, each phase current should be balanced and should

not exceed 50% of the rated current.

STOPPING

After putting the running generator in a no-load condition

by removing the generator load, stop the engine in

accordance with the Engine Manual.

Operation – Automatic Voltage

Regulator

SAFETY RULES

• Do not leave AVR connected when testing generator

with high-pot or megger.

• Adjust the engine only when the CPR is in “OFF”

position.

OPERATION

1. Make sure the wiring is correct.

2. Make sure the frequency selection switch is set to

the rated frequency (60 or 50 Hz).

3. To adjust the voltage turn the Voltage Adjust

(VR1) counter-clock wise. Make sure the CPR is

“ON”.

a. Start the engine with no load and increase the

engine speed slowly to the rated level.

The voltage will automatically build up (residual

voltage: more than 10V).

b. Adjust to the rated voltage using the Voltage

Adjust (VR1).

c. Make sure of the proper Volt/Frequency

characteristic by reducing the generator speed.

d. Make sure of voltage stability by switching the

load “ON” or “OFF”. Use the Stability Adjust

(VR2).

e. If you ﬁnd no problem with the AVR, start the

normal operation.

ADJUSTMENT

Each component of the AVR is adjusted at the factory to

obtain optimum voltage. If readjustment is

necessary, make sure the voltage, frequency, load, etc.

are functioning properly after readjustment.

1. Initial Excitation: For initial excitation use a

DC12V or DC24V battery.

a. Stop the generator.

b. Remove the AVR connectors.

c. Connect the ﬁeld terminal F(+) with the

polarity (+) of battery and the terminal F (-)

with the polarity (-) and excite AVR ﬁeld for 2

or 3 seconds.

2. Voltage Adjustment:

If the voltage output is low, increase the voltage by

turning the Voltage Adjust (VR1) slowly clockwise.

3. Stability:

If the voltage output is unstable, increase the voltage

by turning the Stability Adjust (VR2) clockwise.

4. Voltage and Frequency:

Voltage and Frequency (Hz) have been preset at the

factory.

OLXE 03/10

Maintenance

BEARING INSPECTION

For bearing inspection, make sure that there is no

abnormal sound during normal running and no over-

heating. Greasing is not necessary for generators using the

double seal type ball bearings, but these will need to be

replaced after every 10,000 hours of operation (see PARTS

REPLACEMENT METHOD).

INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

If the generator has not been used for a long time, check

the insulation resistance of each lead wire at 500V with a

megger.

It is usually enough to check only the stator winding. In

order to prevent damage to the AVR, disconnect it. If the

measured insulation resistance value is above 2 M ohms,

there is no problem, but if it is lower than that, check to

see if the inside of the generator is wet or dirty. If dust has

accumulated, blow it out with dry compressed air. Wipe

off oil stains with a cloth. If the generator is damp, dry it

and re-check.

ROTATING RECTIFIER ASSEMBLY

The rotating rectiﬁer assembly needs little attention.

Clean off dust and oil stains periodically. In the unlikely

event that it becomes necessary to replace the diode ele-

ments and surge absorber elements. Refer to PARTS

REPLACEMENT METHOD.

PARTS REPLACEMENT METHOD

1. Bearing Replacement:

a. In order to replace the bearing, ﬁrst remove the

bearing holder housing on the end of the

generator. Loosen and remove the four housing

bolts. Remove the bearing holder gently since

there is a risk that the rotor could fall and damage

the exciter rotor or the exciter stator.

Figure 6. Pilot Length

b. Using a bearing puller, extract bearing from

shaft.

c. When installing a new bearing, place a steel pipe

on the inner race surface, and ﬁt the bearing by

tapping it lightly with a hammer.

Figure 7. Bearing Puller

Note: Absolutely do not apply pressure to outer race

of the bearing during insertion.

2. Replacement of Rotary Rectiﬁer Parts:

a. Rotary rectiﬁer parts are all located at the rear

of Exciter rotor. For parts replacement, remove

the bearing shield.

b. To test the rotating rectiﬁer diodes, disconnect

the lead to the diode element and measure the

resistance between the anode and cathode on

each diode (see Figure 8).

Caution: Do not overheat the diodes. If the resist-

ance value of the diode in the forward direction is

low and the reverse direction resistance value shows

inﬁnity, it is good. If this is not the case, the diode

element is defective and must be replaced. The diode

elements can be damaged if overtightened.

c. “J” type diode elements are fastened to the J(+)

side of the rotating rectiﬁer assembly, and “K”

type diode elements to the K(-) side.

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