Oberheim GM-400 Manuale utente

VISCOUNT - JOINT VENTURE

Oberheim

GM-400

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR

OPERATING MANUAL

CAUTION

RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

WARNING! TO REDUCE THE DANGER OF ELECTRIC SHOCK:

DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK)

DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR MOISTURE

NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE

REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL

This simbol is intended to

alert the user to the presence

of important operating and

maintenance (servicing)

instructions in the literature

accompanying the appliance.

This simbol is intended to alert

the user to the presence of

uninsulated “dangerous

voltage“ within the product’s

enclouser that may be of

sufficient magnitude to

constitute a risk of electronic

shock to persons.

“INSTRUCTIONS PERTAINING TO A RISK OF FIRE,

ELECTRIC SHOCK, OR INJURY TO PERSONS“

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

“INSTRUCTIONS PERTAINING TO A RISK OF FIRE,

ELECTRIC SHOCK, OR INJURY TO PERSONS“

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

WARNING: When using electric products, basic precautions should always be

fallowed, including the following:

1) Read all instructions before using the product.

2) To reduce risk of injury, close supervision is necessary when product is used near

children.

3) Do note this product near water – for example, near a batnub, washbowl, kitchen

sink, in a wet basement, or near a swimming pool, or the like.

4) This product, either alone or in combination with an amplifier and headphones or

speakers, may be capable of producing sound levels that could cause permanent

hearing loss. Do not operate for a long period of time in high volume level or at a

level that is unconfortable. If you experience any hearing loss or ringing in the

ears, you should consult an audiologist.

5) This products should be located away from heat sources such as radiators, heat

6) The power supply cord of the instrument should be unplugged from the outlet

when left unused for a long period of time.

7) Care should be taken so that objects do not fall and liquids are not spilled into the

enclosure of the instrument.

8) The products should be serviced by qualified personnel when:

a. The power supply cord or the plug has been demaged; or

b. Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the product; or

c. The products has been exposed to rain; or

d. The products does not appear to operate normally or exibist a marked

change in performance; or

e. The products has been dropped, or the enclosure demaged.

9) Do not attemp to service the product beyond that described in the user-

maintenance instructions. All other servicing should be referred to qualified

personnel.

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 69 -

CONTENTS

Contents: ....................................................................................................page 69

1. Introduction:

1.1 Precaution ............................................................................................. page 71

2. Description of controls and connectors:

2.1 Front panel..............................................................................................page 72

2.2 Rear panel...............................................................................................page 73

3. Installation and instructions for use:

3.1 Connection examples.............................................................................. page 74

3.2 Some advices for correct use of the GM 400............................................page 75

3.3 Structure of the GM 400........................................................................ page 77

4. Play mode:

4.1 Keys and controls.................................................................................... page 78

4.2 Selecting a memorized patch...................................................................page 79

4.3 Programming ..........................................................................................page 80

5. Edit mode:

5.1 Keys and controls.................................................................................... page 81

5.2 Master level ........................................................................................... page 84

5.3 Memorizing a patch..................................................................................page 84

6. Effects: ....................................................................................................page 86

6.1 Compressor (CMP) ................................................................................page 87

6.2 Distortion (DST) .....................................................................................page 89

6.3 Equalizer (EQ) .......................................................................................page 91

6.4 Amp simulator (AMP) .............................................................................page 94

6.5 Modulation (MOD) ................................................................................. page 96

6.6 Special effects 1 (SP1) ..........................................................................page 101

6.7 Special effects 2 (SP2) ..........................................................................page 104

6.8 Delay (DLY) ...........................................................................................page 107

6.9 Reverberation (REV) ............................................................................. page 111

6.10 Noise gate (NG) ...................................................................................page 124

6.11 The Midi Foot Controller page................................................................page 124

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

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7. Utility Mode:

7.1 Midi ........................................................................................................page 126

7.2 Program Table .......................................................................................page 128

7.3 Dump .....................................................................................................page 129

7.4 Tuner .....................................................................................................page 130

8. Initialization procedure:

8.1 Factory settings .....................................................................................page 131

8.2 Dsp self-test ...........................................................................................page 132

9. Annex:

9.1 Types of connectors used........................................................................page 133

9.2 Glossary of terms used............................................................................ page 133

10. Technical specifications........................................................................page 134

Midi Implementation Chart ...........................................................................page 135

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 71 -

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 PRECAUTION

The following is a list of a number of simple precautions to be adopted when using and

maintaining the instrument in order to avoid damage to its mechanical and electronic

structures:

•To avoid the risk of electric shock, never make the connections or use the instrument with

wet hands.

•Never apply excessive force to the instrument's mechanical parts and keys.

•Do not stress the instrument in transit or during use.

•Do not place the instrument close to heat sources, in excessively damp or dusty places or

close to strong magnetic fields.

•When possible, do not place the instrument close to units which generate strong

interference, such as radio and TV sets, monitors, etc.

•Never insert foreign bodies or liquids of any kind inside the instrument, for any reason.

•Never use solvents on the instrument's finishes. To clean, use only a soft cloth dipped in

water.

•The inside of the instrument does not contain any parts requiring maintenance by the user.

Never attempt to carry out repairs or modifications to the instrument; always contact

qualified personnel for any repairs.

•Only connect foot-switches with normally open contact. Prolonged use of unsuitable pedal

units causes serious damage to the instrument's electronic components.

•Disconnect the power supply lead from the mains socket if the instrument is to be out of use

for long periods.

•Use only an original power adaptor or one which complies in full with the manufacturer's

specifications. Check that the mains voltage is as indicated on the body of the adaptor.

•Do not expose the instrument to excessive heat sources, direct sunlight, excessive

vibration or violent knocks.

•Before moving the instrument, always disconnect all wires.

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 72 -

2. DESCRIPTION OF CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS

2.1 FRONT PANEL

1. Phones Output: this socket is a headphones output which allows the GM 400 to be used

even without connection to an amplification system.

2. Phones Level: used to regulate the volume of the signal sent to the PHONES OUTPUT.

3. Guitar Input: dedicated input socket for connection of a guitar.

4. Input Level: regulates the quantity of signal supplied as input to the GM 400. This setting

is active for both the front and the rear connectors.

5. Lcd Contrast: regulates the contrast of the liquid crystal display (LCD).

6. Display: backlit display consisting of 2 lines of 40 characters each used to display various

information, such as the number and name of the memory to be used, the programming

parameters or the input level setting.

7. Cursor: the four illuminated green keys allow the user to move the flashing cursor around

the display in order to select a parameter for modification.

8. Encoder: data input device which can be used to modify the values selected using the

cursor keys. Turn clockwise to increase the selected value, or anti-clockwise to decrease.

9. Edit key, 10. Compare key, 11. Utility key, 12. Enter/Write key, 13. Exit key, 14. Bypass

key: these keys provide all the main functions needed for using and programming the GM

400.

15. Power key: key used for switching the instrument on and off.

13 4

2 5 6

7 8 12 13 14

910 11

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 73 -

2.2 REAR PANEL

16. Foot Controller: connector for connection of the Oberheim FC 3000 foot controller

(optional).

17. Hold Switch: jack for connection of an optional foot-switch which activates the hold delay

function (infinite repetition of a memorized phrase).

18. Tap Switch: jack for connection of an optional foot-switch allowing the tap delay speed to

be set.

19. Midi In: five pin DIN connector for reception of Midi messages from a remote Midi source.

20. Midi Out: five pin DIN connector for transmission of Midi messages generated by the GM

400.

21. Midi Thru: five pin DIN connector which retransmits the MIDI codes as output exactly as

they are received by the Midi In connector. Used to create a chain of Midi devices.

22. L/Mono - R Input: jack for connection of a remote source to the GM 400. There is a

choice between a stereo connection, using the two inputs simultaneously (the recommended

option) and a mono connection using the L/Mono connector only. The front Guitar Input

connector has precedence over the rear Input connectors. These connectors are of balanced

type.

23. L/Mono - R Output: the signal processed by the GM 400 leaves the instrument from these

two jacks. There is a choice between a stereo connection, using the two inputs

simultaneously (the recommended option) and a mono connection using the L/Mono

connector only. These connectors are of balanced type.

24. Cable retainer plate: allows the user to clamp the cable leading from the adaptor securely

in place in order to avoid accidental disconnections.

25. AC adaptor: connector to take the plug of the adaptor supplied (AC 10.5 V).

16 19 22 23 2517 18 20 21 24

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 74 -

3. INSTALLATION AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

3.1 INSTALLATION

Audio connections.

•use only good quality screened cables.

•make the audio connections first and then the mains connection.

Mains connection.

•make sure that the mains voltage is as indicated on the instrument.

•to disconnect the power supply always take hold of the adaptor and do not pull on its lead.

Mixer

Ch. Input

P.A.

System

P.A.

System Adaptor

10.5 volts

Foot

switches P.A.

System

Ampli

P.A.

System

Ampli

Guitar/Bass

Guitar amplifer effects send

Foot controller

Fc 3000

(optional)

Midi unit

Midi controller

Midi Out Midi In

Headphones Guitar

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 75 -

•disconnect the power supply if the instrument is to be out of use for a long period.

3.2 SOME ADVICE ABOUT CORRECT USE OF THE GM 400

Switch-on.

Before making all the connections make sure that the amplification system volume is turned

down to the minimum setting. Switch on the GM 400 and then adjust the system volume

again. Otherwise, always switch on the GM 400 first and then the amplification system.

Input level.

Each instrument has its own output level which may vary depending on circumstances. In

order to obtain the best performance from the GM 400, the input level must be adjusted to suit

the instrument connected. This simple procedure will ensure that the right amount of signal is

sent to the effects processor in order to avoid distortion if the signal is too strong or hissing if

the signal is too weak.

Start the operation by turning the input trimmer to zero and pressing the Exit key while the

display is showing the main menu page:

the display will show:

At this point, send the signal to the GM 400 and start to turn the Input trimmer clockwise until

the signal brings the following onto the display.

optimum range

-24 dB -18dB -12dB -6 dB -3 dB 0 dB

At this point, reduce the input volume until >>ovl<< (the abbreviation of overload, indicating

an input circuit overload) no longer appears on the display. The illustration shows the

Oberheim GM 400

Digital Signal Processor

- 76 -

optimum operating range, between -12 dB and -3 dB. Press Exit to return to the main video

page.

The input signal level can also be constantly monitored from the main video page, using the

bars on the left of the display and illustrated below:

input level

Output level.

The MASTER LEVEL (general output level) shown on the main video page:

must be regulated in the same way as the input level in order to adapt the output volume to

that of the equipment connected to the OUTPUT(S). Since this parameter can also be

memorized, more details of how it operates will be described in later sections.

Digital technology and levels.

The GM 400 is an all-digital instrument: this means that some simple rules have to be followed

during programming.

In the digital technology, the maximum permitted dynamic threshold is 0 dB; above this level,

even if it is only reached and exceeded for one moment, so-called digital distortion is created.

Digital distortion has nothing to do with the distortion often required by guitarists, and

generates an extremely unpleasant effect often mistakenly thought to be a real malfunction of

the equipment. Since the GM 400 is equipped with filters with an operating range of +/- 14 dB

and it is possible to add together the action of a number of filters operating simultaneously, the

threshold of 0 dB may be exceeded. This must therefore be borne in mind when programming

the GM 400, with frequent checks on the amplification gain introduced by the filters mentioned

above by means of the bypass functions described in the PLAY MODE and EDIT MODE

sections.

Adjusting the display contrast.

The GM 400 is equipped with a large backlit LCD (liquid crystal display). In view of the

characteristics of the LCD system, the contrast has to be adjusted to suit the angle from which

the operator looks at it. A trimmer marked CONTRAST on the left of the panel is provided for

this purpose.

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