Panasonic WX-LA20 Manuale utente

Classroom Acoustics: A Failing Grade

(Summary)

Hearing Health, Sept/Oct 1998, pp. 11-16,59

Carl C. Crandell, Ph.D.

Recent investigations of the acoustical properties of classrooms and their impact

on students have revealed disturbing findings. Inappropriate acoustics can

negatively influence speech perception, on-task behavior, reading and spelling

ability, behavior, attention, concentration, and academic achievement. This is

extremely troubling for classrooms that house younger students as young

children require better acoustical environments than adults with normal hearing

to achieve equivalent perception scores.

A study conducted in the 80’s demonstrated that noise was the sole factor for 50

– 75% of variant reading delays of elementary school children. When classroom

noise was reduced through acoustical modification, increases in concentration,

attention, and participation were seen. Acoustical improvements for classroom

environments include:

1. Acoustical modifications

The optimum levels for classroom acoustics are +15 dB signal to noise ratio

(SNR) and reverberation (reflected sound energy) times should not surpass 0.4

seconds. In 1995, a survey of 32 classrooms showed that only 7 met

recommended reverberation times and none achieved recommended noise

levels. An explanation for this lies in the fact that only a little more than half (59%)

of the rooms were carpeted, 15% had acoustical wall modifications, 3%

contained partitions or drapes, and none of the rooms had acoustically modified

furniture.

2. Reduction of speaker-to-listener distance (SLD)

This allows for the direct sound field to dominate the communication. When the

SLD is increased, the indirect sound field dominates the listening environment.

Speech recognition is only optimal within the direct sound field. To reduce poor

Continued…

…cont’d

classroom acoustics, close SLD should be utilized whenever possible. One way

to improve SLD is to use small group instruction over traditional seating

arrangements.

3. Utilization of classroom amplification

The implementation of classroom amplification can decrease SLD and

significantly affect speech perception. The Mainstream Amplification Resource

Room Study (MARRS, 1981) demonstrated drastic improvements in academic

achievement when students received amplified instruction.

By increasing the teacher’s voice by approximately 10 dB and providing a

uniform sound field throughout the classroom, students display perceptual and

psycho-educational improvements.

The large body of acoustic research in classrooms supports the need for good

acoustics in teaching environments. Several strategies can alleviate the

damaging effects of poor acoustics, one of which includes sound field

amplification. By adopting these solutions and strategies, it will be in the best

interest of the students.

Classroomaudi[email protected]

877.268.7215

Altri manuali per WX-LA20

13

Questo manuale è adatto per i seguenti modelli

3

Indice

Altri manuali Panasonic Accessori

Panasonic

Panasonic LS-H A Series Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic KX-HNS101 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic HG-C1000L Series Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic Light Emitting Diodes LNJ214R8ARA Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA3S132DG Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA27111 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic DP-0 Series Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic EX-21 Series Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA27P01 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic KX-HNS102C Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA26111 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic PD50 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA271110G Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA3D752 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA3X704 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic HG-T Series Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA3X720 (MA720) Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic Light Emitting Diodes LNJ0F1C5FRA1 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic DP-100 series Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic WX-LA20 Guida

Panasonic

Panasonic KX-HNS102 Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA2Z7200G Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic MA6X126 (MA126) Manuale utente

Panasonic

Panasonic CF-VPF Series Manuale utente

Manuali Accessori popolari di altre marche

Hillco

Hillco 2810 Manuale utente

Siemens

Siemens QSA2700D Manuale dell'operatore

Contours

Contours ZY024 Manuale utente

Saivod

Saivod VS621 Manuale utente

Virtuox

Virtuox VirtuCLEAN 2.0 Manuale utente

SCE

SCE ENVIRO-THERM SCE-TE170B24VSS Manuale utente

Z-Wave

Z-Wave HSD-200Z Manuale utente

turck

turck FMX-IM-2UPLI63FX Manuale utente

Decagon Devices

Decagon Devices 10HS Manuale utente

UPPAbaby

UPPAbaby Cup Holder Manuale utente

Elko

Elko SmartSensor Leakage Wireless Manuale utente

Grizzly

Grizzly H8371 Manuale utente

IFM Electronic

IFM Electronic Efector 250 Series Guida di riferimento

DigiDesign

DigiDesign 888/24 I/O Manuale utente

PROZIS

PROZIS QUAY Manuale utente

patagonia

patagonia PSI Vest Manuale utente

SFC Energy

SFC Energy EFOY GO! Manuale utente

Axminster

Axminster Tooling Stylus Tip Ballpoint Pen Kit Manuale utente