Radio Shack HTX-400 Manuale utente

Service

HTX-400

MINI HANDHELD 70cm FM

AMATEUR TRANSCEIVER

Catalog Number : 19-1104

CONTENTS

page

Specifications----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

Theory of Operation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

Block Diagram ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

Alignment Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9

Test Equipment Set-Up --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

Semiconductor Lead Identification and IC Internal Diagram ----------------------------------15

PCB Views ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25

Wiring Diagram -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29

Troubleshooting Chart ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------30

Exploded View of Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------31

Whole PartsList ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32

Schematic Diagrams------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40

¨Ï

1999Tandy Corporation

RadioShack is a registered trademark used by Tandy Corporation

SPECIFICATIONS

1. GENERAL

FREQUENCY :

RX -------------------------------------------------------- 420-470 MHz

TX --------------------------------------------------------- 430-470 MHz

FREQUENCY GENERATION ------------------------PLL SYNTHESIZER

FREQUENCY STABILITY ---------------------------- ¡¾5 PPM

OPERATING TEMPERATURE ---------------------- 14¢ª TO 131¢ªF(-10¡É TO 55¡É)

POWER SOURCE -------------------------------------- DC 3.0V TO 9V

MODULATION -------------------------------------------- F3E

IMPEDANCE ----------------------------------------------50 ohm

DIMENSIONS (HWD) ----------------------------------- 2 1/4¡¿3 3/8¡¿11/16 inches

85¡¿58¡¿26.5 mm

WEIGHT (without batteries) ---------------------------4.2 oz (120g)

2. RECEIVER SECTION

CIRCUIT TYPE ------------------------------------------- DUAL CONVERSION,SUPERHETERODYNE

IF FREQUENCY :

1st IF ----------------------------------------------------- 30.85 MHz

2nd IF ---------------------------------------------------- 450 KHz

SENSITIVITY ---------------------------------------------- 0.22¥ìV for 12dB SINAD

SELECTIVITY --------------------------------------------- 50 dB Min.

SPURIOUS & IMAGE REJECTION ----------------- 40 dB Min.

INTERMODULATION ----------------------------------- 50 dB Min.

DISTORTION --------------------------------------------- 10 % Max.

S/N RATIO ------------------------------------------------- 40 dB Min.

AUDIO OUTPUT @10%THD ------------------------- 80 mW 16 Ohm, BTL

3. TRANSMITTER SECTION

POWER OUTPUT --------------------------------------- 300 mW

DISTORTION ----------------------------------------------10 %

DEVIATION ----------------------------------------------- ¡¾5.2 KHz

S/N RATIO ------------------------------------------------- 35 dB

CURRENT DRAIN ---------------------------------------- 600 mA

THEORY OF OPERATION

1. SEMICONDUCTORS AND FUNCTION

1.1 IC COMPLEMENT

REF.NO TYPE MANUFACTURER FUNCTION

IC601

IC801

IC802

IC806

IC501

IC3

IC805

IC401

IC803

IC807

IC804

IC808

TK11230AM

TMP87PP21DF

24LC16B

NJM2902V

LV2105V

NJM2073M

FX465DF

TA31136FN

TK11230AM

NJM2904V

XC6371A350PR

AS2801M

TOKO

THOSHIBA

PRO-CHIPS

JRC

SANYO

JRC

MX-COM

TOSHIBA

TOKO

JRC

TORREX

ALPHA

IC-REGULATOR

CPU IC

EEPROM

MIC AMP

PLL IC

AUDIO POWER AMP

CTCSS ENCODER

IC-IF

IC-REGULATOR

TONE AMP

D/D CONVERTOR

IC-REGULATOR

1.2 TRANSISTOR COMPLEMENT

REF.NO TYPE MANUFACTURER FUNCTION

Q101

Q102

Q103

Q104

Q105

Q106

Q201

Q202

Q203

Q305

Q304

Q302

Q303

Q301

Q501

Q601

Q602

Q603

Q604

Q606

Q607

Q801

Q805

Q804

Q810

Q107

MRF9242T1

MMBR951LT1

2SC3356

KTA1001S

2SC4226

KTC4081

KRC104S

2SC3356

MMBR951

KTC3875

KRC410

KRA310

KRC404

KTA2015

KTC3875

KRC104

KRA110

2SJ144

KRC401

MOTOROLA

NEC

KEC

NEC

KEC

NEC

MOTOROLA

KEC

NEC

KEC

NEC

KEC

FINNAL RF AMP

DRIVER AMP

PREDRIVER AMP

BUFFER

TX S/W

1'ST AMP

1'ST MIXER

IF AMP

VCO R/TX S/W

VCO OSC

VCO BUFFER

VCO REG

PLL LOCK S/W

RX B+ S/W

SAVE B+ S/W

TX EN1 B+ S/W

TX EN2 B+ S/W

AUDIO MUTE S/W

AUDIO B+ S/W

LAMP S/W

RESET S/W

PTT S/W

RX MUTE S/W

TX S/W

1.3 DIODE COMPLEMENT

REF.NO TYPE MANUFACTURER FUNCTION

D804-805

D807

D806

D804A

D830

D802

ZD803

LED801-802

D201-202

D101

D102

D303

D302

D601

D401

D301

1N4001(M2)

RB471E

KDS187

MA77

KDS187

ZD7.5Y

LED

MA77

MA862

KDS114

KV1832

KDS181

MMBD101

1SV229

ROHM

KEC

PANASONIC

KEC

EVERLIGHT

PANASONIC

KEC

TOKO

KEC

MOTOROLA

NEC

REVERSE B+ PROTECT

REG REVERSE PROTECT

D/D CON S/W

CTCSS COMPARATOR

CLOCK SHIFT S/W

MODEL SELECTOR

PTT S/W

BACKLIGHT LED

RX LPF S/W

TX LPF S/W

R/TX LOCAL S/W

R/TX VCO S/W

VCO OSC

RX B+ S/W

SQ DET

DEV. VARICAP

¡ØREMARKS.

KEC :KOREA ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

ROHM :ROHM KOREA CORP.

TOSHIBA :TOSHIBA CO. LTD

MOTOROLA : MOTOROLA CO. LTD

JRC : NEW JAPAN RADIO CO. LTD

SANYO :SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

TOKO : JAPAN TOKO CO., LTD

PRO-CHIPS : JAPAN MICROCHIP CO., LTD

TORREX : JAPAN TORREX CO., LTD

EVERLIGHT : TAIWAN EVERLIGHT CO., LTD

PHILLIPS : TAIWAN PHILLIPS CO., LTD

ALPHA : ALPHA SEMICONDUCTOR CO., LTD

MX-COM : MX¡¤ COM, INC.

PANASONIC : MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD

2. DESCRIPTION OF FREQUENCY DETERMINING

AND STABILIZING CIRCUIT

2.1 INTRODUCTION

THE FREQUENCIES FOR TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER LOCAL FREQUENCIES ARE ALL

DRIVED FROM ASINGLE 15.2[MHz] VCTCXO BY MEANS OF APHASE LOCKED LOOP.

THE FIRST LOCAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCIES ARE 389.15 [MHz] TO 439.15 [MHz].

THE SECOND LOCAL FREQUENCY IS FIXED AT 30.4 [MHz] TO GENERATE SECOND IF 450[KHz].

DURING TRANSMISSION,THE VCO OF THE PLL OPERATES 420.000 [MHz] TO 470.000[MHz].

Q301 Q104 TO TRANSMITTER

VCO BUFFER AMP

420.000 [MHz] 420.000 [MHz]

¡- 470.000 [MHz] ¡- 470.000 [MHz]

THE VCO OPERATING FREQUENCY FOR THE RECEIVER IS 389.15 [MHz] TO 439.15 [MHz].

IT IS INJECTED THROUGH THE BUFFER AMP Q302 INTO THE FIRST TR MIXER Q202

2.2 DESCRIPTIONS OF EACH BLOCK

(1) INTRODUCTION

THE SYNTHESIZER CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING

COMPONENTS :PLL IC (IC501), VCTCXO (MODULE1), VCO, VARICAP DIODE (D302)

IC501 IS ACMOS LSI THAT INCLUDES PRESCALLER. Q304,L303, L302, D302,D301, C322,

C319,C316, C315 ARE CLAPP OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT TO OPERATE AS A VCO OF IC501.

Q301IS ASWITCHING TRANSISTOR TO CONNECT OR DISCONNECT THE TUNING

CAPACITOR IN THE VCO OSCILLATOR TANK CIRCUIT FOR TRANSMITTER OR RECEIVER.

Q104 AND Q105 WORK AS ABUFFER AMP FOR RX LOCAL FREQUENCIES AND TX CARRIER

GENERATING FREQUENCIES.

(2) REFERENCE FREQUENCY

THE CRYSTAL, VCTCXO MODULE1(15.2[MHz] )AND OTHER COMPONENTS AT PIN 1AND 16

OF IC501 CAN MAKE AREFERENCE FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR WITH INTERNAL AMPLIFIER.

(3) VCO

Q302AND SURROUNDING PARTS FORM ACLAPP OSCILLATOR WHICH WORKS AS AVCO OF

IC501 WITH APPROPRIATE CONTROL VOLTAGE ON D302,THE VCO CAN OSCILLATE OVER

THE REQUIRED RANGE OF 389.15 [MHz] TO 470.00 [MHz].

(4) PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER AND ITS CONTROL

THE PROGRAMMABLE INPUTS FOR EACH CHANNEL ARE SET INSIDE IC801.

EACH INPUT SIGNAL TO CONTROL THE PLL IC501 IS DONE WITH THE PROVIDED (CPU IC

801) KEY MATRIX INPUT PINS -PIN25 TO PIN28 AND FOR EACH KEY MATRIX INPUT, AN

INTERNAL CODE CONVERT EPROM PROVIDES THE APPROPRIATE BINARY CONTROL TO IC501

FOR THAT CHANNEL.

AN ADDITIONAL BIT IS REQUIRED AT PIN 42OF IC801 TO ALLOW THE ROM TO RECOGNIZE

WHETHER THE STATUS IS TX OR RX.

DURING TRANSMISSION,THE PUSH TO TALK SWITCH MAKES PIN 42 OF CPU IC HI.

THE OUTPUT OF IC501 ISFED TO THE PHASE DETECTOR TO COMPARE IT WITH THE 6.25

[KHz] REFERENCE FREQUENCY INSIDE.

(5) PHASE DETECTOR AND VCO CONTROL

THE PHASE DETECTOR IS ADIGITAL PHASE COMPARATOR WHICH COMPARES THE PHASE

OF THE REFERENCE SIGNAL WITH PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER OUTPUT SQUARE WAVES AND

DEVELOPS ASERIES OF PULSES WHOSE DC LEVEL DEPENDS ON THE PHASE ERROR OF

EACH SIGNAL.

THE PHASE DETECTOR PULSE OUTPUT IS FED TO AN ACTIVE LOW PASS FILTER, AND FED

TO VARICAP D302WHICH CONTROLSTHE VCO FREQUENCY.

(6) TRANSMITTER /RECEIVER BUFFER AMP

OUTPUT SIGNAL OF Q302IS FED INTO THE BUFFER AMP Q105, Q104 TO INCREASE THE

STRENGTH OF TX CARRIER FREQUENCY AND 1’st LOCAL FREQUENCIES.

(7) SWITCHING OF TUNING CAPACITOR IN VCO

THE VCO CIRCUIT MUST TUNE WITH AWIDE RANGE OF FREQUENCIES 420.000¡-470.000

[MHz] FOR TRANSMITTER AND 389.150¡-439.150 [MHz] FOR RECEIVER.

TO COMPLY ABOVE RANGE OF VCO, THE TUNING CAPACITANCE SHOULD BE SWITCHED

FOR TRANSMISSION OR RECEPTION.

THE TUNING CIRCUIT CONSISTS OF Q304,L303,L302,D302,D301, C322, C319, C316, C315

WHEN THE VCO IS WORKING AS ARX,Q305BECOMES OFF.

SO, D303 AND C317 MAKE TUNING FUNCTION WHEN TX Q301BECOMES ON.

SO, L302 AND THE PARALLEL CAPACITANCE OF D302, C322 AND C319 MAKE TUNING

FUNCTION.

(8) RECEIVER LOCAL OSCILLATOR OUTPUTS

1’st MIXER :THE OUTPUT SIGNALS OF Q104 IS INJECTED TO THE SOURCES OF 1st MIXER

Q203 IN THE 1’st IF MIXER SECTION.

2’nd MIXER :THE OUTPUT OF 30.4 [MHz] OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT WITH X401 IS INJECTED

INTO IC401. INCOMING IF SIGNAL AND 30.85[MHz] SIGNAL ARE MIXED INSIDE THE IF IC TO

EXTRACT 2’nd IF SIGNAL 450 [KHz].

FM SIGNALS ARE RECOVERED WITH ENVELOPE DETECTOR.

2.3 FREQUENCY STABILITY

LET :Fo=CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY

Fr=PHASE DETECTOR REFERENCE FREQUENCY

Fvco=VCO FREQUENCY

Ft=TRANSMIT FREQUENCY

THEN :Fr=Fo/ 2048

AND UNDER LOCKED CONDITIONS :Fr =Fvco /N

Where ,"N" IS THE DIVIDE RATIO OF PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER.

THEN :Fvco =NXFr

FROM WHICH IT CAN BE SEEN, THE PERCENTAGE ERROR IN Ft IS THE SAME AS THE

PERCENTAGE ERROR IN Fo.

THE STABILITY OF THE CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR IS DETERMINED PRIMARILY BY THE CRYSTAL

ITSELF AND HAVING PASSIVE COMPONENTS OF THE OSCILLATOR.

THE CHOICE OF CRYSTAL AND COMPONENTS IS SUCH THAT THE REQUIRED FREQUENCY

STABILITY IS MAINTAINED OVER THE REQUIRED VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE RANGE.

2.4 DESCRIPTION OF OTHER CIRCUITS

TRANSMITTER

(1) RF AMPLIFICATION

THE OUTPUT OF BUFFER AMP Q104 IS FED THROUGH TUNING C126 TO THE BASE OF PRE

DRIVER AMP Q103.

THE OUTPUT IS THEN SUPPLIED THROUGH CAPACITOR C123 TO RF DRIVER AMP Q102.

THE OUTPUT OF Q102 IS SPLITTED WITH TUNING CIRCUIT L111,C119 AND GOES TO THE

BASE OF FINAL RF AMP Q101.

THE OUTPUT OF Q101IS SUPPLIED TO THE ANTENNA THROUGH L-C TUNING CIRCUIT.

(2) CIRCUIT FOR SUPPRESSION OF SPURIOUS RADIATION

THE TUNING CIRCUIT BETWEEN THE OUTPUT OF FINAL AMP Q101 AND ANTENNA, 4-STAGE

"PHI TYPE" NETWORK L101, L102, L103, L104, L105, L106, L107, C101, C102, C103, C104, C105,

C106 SERVES AS A SPURIOUS RADIATION SUPPRESSOR.

THIS NETWORK ALSO SERVES TO MATCH THE IMPEDANCE BETWEEN TX FINAL POWER AMP

Q101 AND THE ANTENNA.

(3) MAXIMUM MODULATION CONTROL

MODULATION SIGNALS ARE FILTERED WITH RC NETWORK AND GO TO THE AUDIO AMP

TO MAKE IT TO NOMINAL SIGNAL LEVEL TO ACHIEVE WANTED MODULATION.

IC806PIN13 AND CORRESPONDING LEVEL LIMITING CIRCUIT CONTROL INCOMING AUDIO

SIGNAL WITH RV802.

ADJUSTING RV802 SHALL NOT EXCEED ¡¾5.0KHz DEVATION UNDER.1KHZ AF 20dB UP

FROM 3KHZ DEVATION LEVEL INPUT.

RECEIVER

(1) RF AMP Q201 AMPLIFY RF SIGNAL FROM ANTENNA. THE AMPLIFIED RF SIGNAL IS FED

THROUGH TUNING BAND PASS FILTER SAW1, SAW2 TO THE BASE OF MIXER AMP Q202.

ALSO VCO SOURCE'S FREQUENCY 30.85MHz LOW THAN THE FREQUENCY OF EACH

CHANNEL IS SUPPLIED TO MIXER.

(2) THE SOURCE OF 30.85MHz FREQUENCY PASSED TUNING COIL L209 AND C217 IS FED

THROUGH MCF201/MCF202 TO IF AMP Q204.

(3) THE 450KHz FREQUENCY SIGNAL IS PRODUCED FROM IC401 BY MIXING THE OUTPUT

SOURCE OF MCF201/MCF202 30.85MHz FILTER AND THE SOURCE OF 30.4MHz

FREQUENCY FROM CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR X401.

(4) IC401 IS A FM DETECTOR WHICH PRODUCES AUDIO SIGNAL.THE AUDIO SIGNAL (IC401

PIN 9) IS FED THROUGH R412 AND C414 TO AUDIO POWER AMP (IC3).

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ALIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

1. ALIGINMENT LAYOUT

[CPU SECTION ] [ RF SECTION ]

2. TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

1) CPU and Phase Locked Loop Section

¨çFrequency Counter

¨èDC Power Supply

¨éDC Volt Meter

¨êOscilloscope

2) Transmitter Section

¨çRF Power Meter(RF SSVM)

¨è50¥ØLoad(non-inductive)

¨éRF Attenuator

¨êOscilloscope

¨ëAudio Generator

¨ìDC Power Supply

¨íSpectrum Analyzer

¨îFrequency Counter

¨ïModulation Meter

RV803

RV802

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