SanDisk CompactFlash Extreme III Manuale utente

SanDisk CompactFlash Memory Card

OEM Product Manual

Version 12.0

Document No. 20-10-00038

02/2007

SanDisk Corporation

Corporate Headquarters

601 McCarthy Boulevard

Milpitas, CA 95035

(408) 801-1000 Phone

(408) 801-8657 Fax

www.sandisk.com

SanDisk CompactFlash Card OEM Product Manual

SanDisk® Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications where in a failure

or malfunction of the product may directly threaten life or injury. Per SanDisk Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of SanDisk

products in life support applications assumes all risk of such use and indemnifies SanDisk against all damages. Security

safeguards, by their nature, are capable of circumvention. SanDisk cannot, and does not, guarantee that data will not be

accessed by unauthorized persons, and SanDisk disclaims any warranties to that effect to the fullest extent permitted by law.

This document is for information use only and is subject to change without prior notice. SanDisk Corporation assumes no

responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document, nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the

furnishing, performance or use of this material. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in

a retrievable manner or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written consent of an officer of SanDisk

Corporation.

All parts of the SanDisk documentation are protected by copyright law and all rights are reserved.

SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are trademarks of SanDisk Corporation, registered in the United States and other countries.

CompactFlash is a U.S. registered trademark of SanDisk Corporation.

Product names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of

their respective companies.

SanDisk products are covered or licensed under one or more of the following U.S. Patent Nos. 5,070,032; 5,095,344; 5,168,465;

5,172,338; 5,198,380; 5,200,959; 5,268,318; 5,268,870; 5,272,669; 5,418,752; 5,602,987. Other U.S. and foreign patents

awarded and pending.

Document 20-10-00038 Rev. 12.0

Revision History

Date Revision Description

February 2007 12.0 Merged CFlash 11.2 manual with CF ExtremeIII

v1.2 to create v12.0; updated to comply with CFA

Spec v4.0.

SanDisk CompactFlash Card OEM Product Manual

–This page intentionally left blank–

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

CompactFlash Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

PCMCIA Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

CHAPTER 2 Product Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

System Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

System Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

System Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

System Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

CHAPTER 3 Interface Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Physical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1

Electrical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Electrical Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8

Card Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

I/O Transfer Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

True IDE Mode I/O Transfer Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

CHAPTER 4 ATA Register Set and Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

I/O Primary and Secondary Address Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1

Contiguous I/O Mapped Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2

Table of Contents SanDisk CompactFlash Card OEM Product Manual

Memory Mapped Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

True IDE Mode Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4

ATA Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4

CHAPTER 5 ATA Command Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

ATA Command Set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1

Error Posting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-29

CHAPTER 6 CIS Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

APPENDIX A Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

APPENDIX B Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

APPENDIX C Disclaimer of Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

CHAPTER 1 Introduction

1.1 General Description

SanDisk CompactFlash® Memory Card products provide high capacity solid-state flash

memory that electrically complies with the Personal Computer Memory Card International

Association ATA (PC Card ATA) standard. (In Japan, the applicable standards group is

JEIDA.) The CompactFlash Memory Card Series also supports a True IDE Mode that is

electrically compatible with an IDE disk drive. The original CF form factor card can be used in

any system that has a CF slot, and with a Type II PCMCIA adapter can be used in any system

that has a PCMCIA Type II or Type III socket.

CompactFlash Memory cards use SanDisk Flash memory, which was designed by SanDisk

specifically for use in mass storage applications. In addition to the mass storage-specific flash

memory chips, CompactFlash Memory cards include an on-card intelligent controller that

provides a high level interface to the host computer. This interface allows a host computer to

issue commands to the memory card to read or write blocks of memory. The host addresses the

card in 512 byte sectors. Each sector is protected by a powerful Error Correcting Code (ECC).

The on-card intelligent controller in the CompactFlash Memory Card manages interface

protocols, data storage and retrieval as well as ECC, defect handling and diagnostics, power

management and clock control. Once the card has been configured by the host, it appears to the

host as a standard ATA (IDE) disk drive. Additional ATA commands have been provided to

enhance system performance.

The host system can support as many cards as there are CompactFlash and PCMCIA Type II or

III card slots. The original form factor CompactFlash Memory cards require a PCMCIA Type

II Adapter to be used in a PCMCIA Type II or Type III socket.

Figure 1-1 SanDisk CompactFlash Card Block Diagram

Host

Interface Flash

Memory

SanDisk

Single Chip

Controller Control

Data In/Out

SanDisk CompactFlash

Introduction SanDisk CompactFlash Card OEM Product Manual

1.2 Features

SanDisk CompactFlash Memory cards provide the following system features:

• Up to 16 GB of mass storage data

• PC Card ATA protocol compatible

• True IDE Mode compatible

• Very low CMOS power

• Very high performance

• Very rugged

• Low weight

• Noiseless

• Low Profile

• +5 Volts or +3.3 Volts operation

• Automatic error correction and retry capabilities

• Supports power down commands and sleep modes

• Non-volatile storage (no battery required)

• MTBF >1,000,000 hours

• Minimum 10,000 insertions

1.3 Scope

This document describes the key features and specifications of CompactFlash Memory cards,

as well as the information required to interface this product to a host system. Retail

CompactFlash specifications are not covered in this manual.

1.4 CompactFlash Standard

SanDisk CompactFlash Memory cards are fully compatible with the CompactFlash

Specification published by the CompactFlash Association. Contact the CompactFlash

Association for more information.

CompactFlash Association

P.O. Box 51537

Palo Alto, CA 94303

USA

Phone: 415-843-1220

Fax: 415-493-1871

www.compactflash.org

SanDisk CompactFlash Card OEM Product Manual Introduction

1.5 PCMCIA Standard

SanDisk CompactFlash Memory cards are fully electrically compatible with the PCMCIA

specifications listed below:

•PCMCIA PC Card Standard, 7.0, February 1999

•PCMCIA PC Card ATA Specification, 7.0, February 1999

These specifications may be obtained from:

PCMCIA

2635 N. First Street, Suite 209

San Jose, CA 95131

USA

Phone: 408-433-2273

Fax: 408-433-9558

1.6 Related Documentation

ATA operation is governed by the ATA-4 specification published by ANSI. For more

information, refer to the American National Standard X3.221: AT Attachment for Interface for

Disk Drives document.

Documentation can be ordered from IHS by calling 1-800-854-7179 or accessing their Web

site: http://global.ihs.com.

1.7 Functional Description

CompactFlash Memory cards contain a high level, intelligent subsystem as shown in the block

diagram, Figure 1-1. This intelligent (microprocessor) subsystem provides many capabilities

not found in other types of memory cards. These capabilities include the following:

•Standard ATA register and command set (same as found on most magnetic disk drives).

•Host independence from details of erasing and programming flash memory.

•Sophisticated system for managing defects (analogous to systems found in magnetic disk

drives).

•Sophisticated system for error recovery including a powerful error correction code (ECC).

•Power management for low power operation.

•Implementation of dynamic and static wear-leveling to extend card’s life.

Introduction SanDisk CompactFlash Card OEM Product Manual

1.7.1 Technology Independence

The 512-byte sector size of the CompactFlash Memory Card is the same as that in an IDE

magnetic disk drive. To write or read a sector (or multiple sectors), the host computer software

simply issues a Read or Write command to the card. This command contains the address and

the number of sectors to write/read. The host software then waits for the command to

complete.

The host software does not get involved in the details of how the flash memory is erased,

programmed or read. This is extremely important as flash devices are expected to get more and

more complex in the future. Because the CompactFlash Memory Card Series uses an

intelligent on-board controller, the host system software will not require changing as new flash

memory evolves. In other words, systems that support CompactFlash Memory cards now, will

be able to access future SanDisk cards built with new flash technology without having to

update or change host software.

1.7.2 Defect and Error Management

CompactFlash Memory cards contain a sophisticated defect and error management system.

This system is analogous to the systems found in magnetic disk drives and in many cases

offers enhancements. If necessary, the cards will rewrite data from a defective sector to a good

sector. This is completely transparent to the host and does not consume any user data space.

The CompactFlash Memory Card soft error rate specification is much better than the magnetic

disk drive specification. In the extremely rare case a read error does occur, CompactFlash

Memory cards have innovative algorithms to recover the data by using hardware on-the-fly

Error Detection Code/Error Correction Code (EDC/ECC), based on a BCH algorithm.

These defect and error management systems, coupled with the solid state construction, give

SanDisk CompactFlash cards unparalleled reliability

1.7.3 Wear Leveling

Wear Leveling is an intrinsic part of the erase pooling functionality of SanDisk CompactFlash

using NAND memory. The CF WEAR LEVEL command is supported as a NOP operation to

maintain backward compatibility with existing software utilities. Advanced features of

dynamic and static wear-leveling, and automatic block management are used to ensure high

data reliability and maximize flash life expectancy.

1.7.4 Using Erase Sector and Write Commands

SanDisk CompactFlash Memory cards support the CF ERASE SECTOR and WRITE

WITHOUT ERASE commands. In some applications, write operations may be faster if the

addresses being written are first erased with the ERASE SECTOR command. WRITE

WITHOUT ERASE behaves as a normal write command and no performance gain results

from its use.

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