Sel SEL-2414 Manuale utente
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. SEL-2414 Data Sheet
SEL-2414 Transformer Monitor
Complete System for Control and Monitoring
Major Features and Benefits
The SEL-2414 Transformer Monitor provides an exceptional combination of monitoring, control, and communications
in a compact package.
➤Thermal Monitoring and Metering Capabilities. Safeguard transformers from overheating by tracking thermal
conditions. Track the minimum and maximum transformer top oil temperature, hot-spot temperature, and as many
as 10 RTDs or thermocouples. Calculate hot-spot temperature according to the IEEE C57.91-2011 or the
IEC 60076-7:2018 Ed. 2 standards.
➤Load Tap Position and Control Monitoring. Monitor tap position and raise and lower controls and as many as
32 tap positions by using digital inputs in the binary-coded decimal (BCD) or binary format.
➤High Reliability, Rugged Design, and Low Price. Apply the SEL-2414 in harsh physical and electrical environ-
ments. The SEL-2414 withstands vibration, electrical surges, fast transients, extreme operating temperatures from
–40° to +85°C, and meets stringent utility standards. Compare our superior specification compliance, higher reli-
ability, lower price, and worldwide, ten-year warranty to other transformer monitor alternatives.
➤Flexible I/O for Transformer Status, Alarms, and More. Take advantage of input/output options including dig-
ital inputs for status such as oil level and sudden pressure; RTD and thermocouple inputs for measurements such as
ambient, top-oil, and hot-spot temperatures; digital outputs for control and alarms; analog inputs and outputs; and
ac current and voltage inputs. Easily program monitoring and control functions with powerful logic, math, timers,
counters, and edge-trigger functions. These features allow easy integration with new and retrofit transformer mon-
itor applications. Monitor critical substation assets with comprehensive transformer thermal and through-fault
monitoring.
SEL-2414 Data Sheet Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
2
➤Advanced Asset Monitoring. Monitor critical substation assets with comprehensive transformer thermal and
through-fault monitoring. Calculate top oil, hot-spot, insulation aging acceleration factor, and loss of life while
generating hourly and daily data about your transformer. Capture the maximum/minimum values of all trans-
former model quantities. Capture through-fault current data that could lead to increased transformer wear.
➤Critical Reporting and Logging. Store as many as 512 Sequential Events Recorder (SER) reports of digital input
transitions, time-tagged to the nearest millisecond. Analyze SER reports, analog trending, and oscillographic event
reports for rapid commissioning, testing, and post-event diagnostics. Send the SER data to a communications pro-
cessor or computer for system analysis.
➤Communications and Integration. Automate fan bank control with flexible communications options that provide
easy integration with SCADA. Choose from single and dual Ethernet, Modbus® TCP, DNP3 LAN/WAN,
IEC 61850 Ed. 2, Modbus Serial, EIA-232, EIA-485, Telnet, and File Transfer protocols.
➤AC Metering Capabilities. Take advantage of extensive ac metering and monitoring capabilities. Voltage, current,
power, energy, power factor, frequency; demand/peak demand metering; and maximum/minimum metering are
measured and recorded. Values can be used in programmable calculations and triggers within the meter.
➤Simple Commissioning Tools. Make use of a front-panel HMI that provides complete configuration access and
displays settings, measurements, and calculated values. Easily set with ACSELERATOR QuickSet® SEL-5030 Soft-
ware.
Product Summary
The SEL-2414 Transformer Monitor withstands harsh physical and electrical environments and is built and tested to
meet mission-critical IEEE and IEC protective relay standards. Apply the SEL-2414 to satisfy standalone or distributed
monitoring and control of transformers, or choose from the flexible communications options to connect to a substation
distributed SCADA or automation system, or a SCADA master. Communications options include serial, fiber-optic, and
Ethernet connections and ASCII, SEL Fast Message, MIRRORED BITS® communications, Modbus, and DNP3 protocols.
Figure 1 shows the SEL-2414 functionality.
Apply flexible I/O options to meet the many needs of new or retrofit transformer installations. The SEL-2414 includes
four slots for plug-in I/O cards. Use digital inputs (DI) to monitor critical transformer alarms and status points. Use
analog inputs (AI) to measure pressure, oil level, temperatures, tap positions, and process-level signals (e.g., 4–20 mA,
0–1 mA) from transducers. Operate cooling fans, equipment, alarms, or provide indication with relay-contact or solid-
state digital outputs (DO) and analog outputs (AO). Measure ac currents and ac voltage to calculate three-phase power,
demand, energy, save in oscillographic reports, and for automatic control processes.
Figure 1 Transformer Monitor and Control System
SEL-2600 RTD
Transducer
IRIG-B
Up to 10 RTDs or TC (°C)
Up to 12 RTDs Communications
Alarms
DNP3
Alarms (DOs)
Analog Outputs
Currents Voltages
Status
52 = Breaker
M = Cooling Fan Motor
Control
Sensor(s)
with DOs
Sensor(s)
with AOs (mA)
Core & Coil
Transformer
52
M
52
M
52
M
52
M
SEL-2414
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. SEL-2414 Data Sheet
3
I/O (Status and Alarms)
Use digital inputs to monitor critical alarms such as oil levels, pressures, and gas accumulation; they may also be used
for status points such as fans on/off and breakers open/closed, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Monitoring Inputs and Control Outputs
SEL-2414
Transformer Monitor
Digital Inputs (DIs) Analog Inputs (AIs)
Digital Outputs (DOs) Analog Outputs (AOs)
Sudden Pressure #
Low/High Oil Tank Level
Fan/Pump #1 On On/Off Fan Bank #1
On/Off Fan Bank #2
RTDs or TCs
(Temperature)
Ambient
Top-Oil (3 for 1)
Measured Hot-Spot
Bottom-Oil (3 for 1)
OLTC Low/High Oil Level
OLTC Tap Position
OLTC Remote/Local
Gas Accumulation #
# = Buchholz
SCADA Alarms
Sudden Pressure Alarm #
Low/High Oil Tank Level
Gas Accumulation Alarm #
Top-Oil Alarm
Hot-Spot Alarm
OLTC Oil Differential Alarm
Pressure/Vacuum Alarm
Pressure Relief Alarm
Cooling Alarm
Load Voltage (3 for 1)
Load Current (3 for 1)
OLTC Tank Oil
Sensors
Pressure/Vacuum Switch
Pressure Relief Device
Loss of Auxiliary Power
OLTC Control Mode
Sensors
Other Cooling . . .
OLTC Motor Current
Fan/Pump #2 On
Wire the digital outputs of sensors to the
digital inputs of the transformer monitor.
Wire digital outputs of the transformer monitor to digital inputs of
the SCADA system or to devices that need to be controlled.
Wire RTD/TC/Analog outputs of sensors to the
RTD/TC/Analog inputs of the transformer monitor.
ControlStatus
SCADA and/or Local HMI Communications
On/Off Fan Bank #3
On/Off Fan Bank #4
Fan Motor Running Timer
OLTC Tap Position
Core & Coil =
Key
Fan/Pump Bank =
On-Load Tap Changer =
General Alarm
Tap Position
Top Oil Temperature
Transduced
Quantities
Ambient Oil Temperature
Bottom Oil Temperature
LTC Tank Oil Temperature
SEL-2414 Data Sheet Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
4
Analyze Transformer Sequence-of-Events
Record sequence-of-events related to transformer events or operations with the Sequential Events Recorder (SER)
function. With this function, you can analyze assertions and deassertions of digital inputs and outputs; as many as 512
state changes to the millisecond for as many as 96 different digital points. The function also captures when the device
powers up and a settings change occurs.
Figure 3 Example SER Report
Analyze Transformer Event
Waveforms
Record analog and digital waveforms at 32 samples/cycle for
as many as 64 power system cycles, approximately 1 s. Use
the event report to move the oscillographic data to your PC.
You can plot your event report data with the SEL-5601-2
SYNCHROWAVE® Event Software or with Microsoft Excel.
Event reports contain ac currents, ac voltages, and digital
inputs and outputs. The report automatically adjusts
content to the I/O cards you use. Reports are stored in
nonvolatile memory to protect your data even if power is
lost. Event reports are optimized for recording power
disturbances and relating them to your process.
Set the report to capture either 15 or 64 power system
cycles of data around the trigger event. For a 60 Hz
system, the event report lengths are 0.25 s and 1.07 s. For
a 50 Hz system, the report lengths are 0.30 s and 1.28 s.
Figure 4 Example SYNCHROWAVE Event Waveform Plot
Trend Transformer Temperatures
and Other Analog Inputs
Record measured ambient, transformer top-oil, trans-
former hot-spot and other analog data (measured or cal-
culated) for trending with the Analog Signal Profile
function. This profile (trending) function can track as
many as 32 analog channels. The function records the
magnitude and time of acquisition of each analog chan-
nel. Use the profile report to move trend records to your
PC and quickly plot the data with Microsoft Excel or any
other spreadsheet application.
SEL-2414 Date: 04/03/2005 Time: 07:21:19
DEVICE
# DATE TIME ELEMENT STATE
17 04/03/2005 06:25:51.120 RB01 Deasserted
16 04/03/2005 06:25:51.125 OUT102 Deasserted
15 04/03/2005 06:26:03.049 RB01 Asserted
14 04/03/2005 06:26:03.053 OUT102 Asserted
13 04/03/2005 06:51:17.748 Device Powered Up
12 04/03/2005 06:51:20.361 OUT101 Asserted
11 04/03/2005 06:51:21.366 OUT101 Deasserted
10 04/03/2005 06:54:10.753 Device Settings Changed
9 04/03/2005 06:54:10.762 FAN BANK #2 OFF Asserted
8 04/03/2005 06:54:11.737 OUT101 Deasserted
7 04/03/2005 07:06:01.739 FAN BANK #2 ON Asserted
6 04/03/2005 07:06:02.744 OUT101 Deasserted
5 04/03/2005 07:06:14.993 Device Settings Changed
4 04/03/2005 07:06:15.002 OUT101 Asserted
3 04/03/2005 07:06:15.977 FAN BANK #1 ON Deasserted
2 04/03/2005 07:13:22.947 OUT101 Asserted
1 04/03/2005 07:13:23.951 OUT101 Deasserted
SER Number Element or Condition Element State
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. SEL-2414 Data Sheet
5
Figure 5 Comma-Separated File Format for Easy
Display, Analysis, and Archiving
Figure 6 Excel Graph of Trend Data
Transformer Thermal Monitoring
Transformer thermal modeling, per IEEE C57.91-2011
or the IEC 60076-7:2018 Ed. 2, is a standard feature in
the SEL-2414. Specify the SEL-2414 to provide this
capability for monitoring and protection of a single
three-phase transformer, a three-phase transformer with
tertiary windings (three-winding mode with separate CT
ratios), or three independent single-phase units. Use the
thermal element to activate a control action or issue a
warning or alarm when your transformer overheats or is
in danger of excessive insulation aging or loss-of-life.
Use the thermal event report to capture current hourly
and daily data about your transformer. Operating
temperature calculations are based on load currents, type
of cooling system, and actual temperature inputs
(ambient and top-oil). Use as many as four thermal
sensor inputs: a single ambient temperature transducer
and one transducer for top-oil temperature from each of
three single-phase transformers. Temperature data are
obtained via an internal RTD/thermocouple card or from
an external SEL-2600A RTD Module. While the
SEL-2414 can receive temperature data at any rate, the
thermal element uses the temperature data once per
minute.
The thermal element operates in one of three modes,
depending upon the presence or lack of measured
temperature inputs: 1) measured ambient and top-oil
temperature inputs, 2) measured ambient temperature
only, and 3) no measured temperature inputs. If the
device receives measured ambient and top-oil
temperatures, the thermal element calculates hot-spot
temperature. When the device receives a measurement of
ambient temperature without top-oil temperature, the
thermal element calculates the top-oil temperature and
hot-spot temperature. In the absence of any measured
ambient or top-oil temperatures, the thermal element
uses a default ambient temperature setting that you select
and calculates the top-oil and hot-spot temperatures. The
device uses hot-spot temperature as a basis for
calculating the insulation aging acceleration factor
(FAA) and loss-of-life quantities. Use the thermal
element to indicate alarm conditions and/or activate
control actions when one or more of the following
exceed settable limits:
➤Top-oil temperature
➤Winding hot-spot temperature
➤Insulation aging acceleration factor (FAA)
➤Daily loss-of-life
➤Total loss-of-life
Generate a thermal monitor report that indicates the
present thermal status of the transformer. Historical
thermal event reports and profile data are stored in the
device in hourly format for the previous 24 hours and in
daily format for the previous 31 days.
The thermal model can be used even if a current card is
not installed. Current magnitude data can be received
through IEC 61850 Ed. 2 or other communications
protocols.
Through-Fault Event Monitor
A through fault is an overcurrent event external to the
differential protection zone. Though a through fault is
not an in-zone event, the currents required to feed this
external fault can cause great stress on the apparatus
inside the differential protection zone. Through-fault cur-
rents can cause transformer winding displacement lead-
ing to mechanical damage and increased transformer
thermal wear because of mechanical stress of insulation
components in the transformer. The SEL-2414 through-
fault event monitor gathers current level, duration, and
date/time for each through fault. The monitor also calcu-
lates a I2t and cumulatively stores these data per-phase.
The SEL-2414 through-fault report also provides percent
of total through-fault accumulated according to the IEEE
Guide for Liquid-Immersed Transformer Through-Fault-
=>>CPR <Enter>
"REC_NUM","YEAR","MONTH","DAY","HOUR","MIN","SEC","MSEC","VA_MAG","VB_M
AG","VC_M
AG","AI301","AI302","AI303","AI304","AI305","AI306","1D7A"
14,2005,9,1,12,10,4,261,2092.127,2099.499,2089.107,-0.001,-0.000,
-0.001,-0.001,-
0.001,-0.001,"1190"
13,2005,9,1,12,15,3,982,2093.966,2099.176,2088.974,-0.001,-0.001,
-0.001,-0.000,-
0.001,-0.001,"11AC"
12,2005,9,1,12,20,4,82,2091.636,2099.117,2089.346,-0.001,-0.000,
-0.001,-0.001,-0
.001,-0.001,"115C"
11,2005,9,1,12,25,4,332,2092.435,2098.398,2088.487,-0.001,-0.001,
-0.001,-0.001,-
0.001,-0.001,"119C"
10,2005,9,1,12,30,4,36,2092.907,2098.208,2089.058,-0.001,-0.001,
-0.000,-0.001,-0
.001,-0.001,"115C"
9,2005,9,1,12,35,4,186,2093.153,2098.865,2089.091,-0.001,-0.000,
-0.001,-0.001,-0
.001,-0.001,"116F"
8,2005,9,1,12,40,3,978,2094.284,2098.926,2089.732,-0.001,-0.001,
-0.001,-0.001,-0
.001,-0.001,"1179"
SEL-2414 Data Sheet Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
6
Current Duration, C57.109-1993. Use through-fault
event data to schedule proactive transformer bank main-
tenance and help justify through-fault mitigation efforts.
Apply the accumulated I2t alarm capability of the device
to indicate excess through-fault current over time.
Load Tap Position and Control
Monitoring
The SEL-2414 supports load tap position and control
(LTPC) monitoring by using digital inputs in the
binary-coded decimal (BCD) or binary format. It can
monitor as many as 32 tap positions with one or three
neutral tap positions. Additionally, it monitors the raise
and lower controls to assert alarms for tap position
change failures or unexpected tap positions.
Implement individual tap position statistics monitoring
with the nonvolatile counters and voltage regulation by
using measured voltages, timers, and analog control
variables.
Simplify Your Transformer
Commissioning
The SEL-2414 front panel simplifies commissioning and
troubleshooting:
➤View field data and calculated values
➤Diagnose data flow problems in seconds instead of
hours
➤Dramatically reduce troubleshooting time
➤Eliminate the need for out-of-service time
Figure 7 Simplify Your Commissioning
Large
temperature
range for
installing in
outdoor
cabinets
Access device
configuration,
detailed I/O status,
alarms, and
measured values
with easy-to-use
controls for
operator interface
Program 4
pushbuttons to
perform direct
user controls
Program LEDs to
indicate control state
Make your own labels by hand or with
included Microsoft® Word template
Configure 7
programmable
LEDs to indicate
I/O activity and
device status
Powered properly and
self-tests are okay
+85°C
—40°C
EIA-232 Port
Ambient Temperature
24.0 deg C
Top Oil Temperature
75.0 deg C
Max Top Oil Temperature
80.1 deg C
LTC Oil Temperature
65.0 deg C
Front-Panel Visualization and Control
Build your own custom displays.
Rotating displays show device measurements and settings
information based on user-configured display points.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. SEL-2414 Data Sheet
7
Configuration and Commissioning Software
The included ACSELERATOR QuickSet software program simplifies device configuration in addition to providing
commissioning and analysis support for the SEL-2414.
➤Access settings creation help online.
➤Organize settings with the device database manager.
➤Load and retrieve settings using a simple PC com-
munications link.
➤Analyze event records with the integrated wave-
form and harmonic analysis tool.
➤Use the PC interface to remotely retrieve reports
and other system data.
➤Monitor analog data, device I/O, and logic point
status during commissioning tests.
➤Remotely operate and monitor using the device
overview as a virtual front panel.
Settings–Develop Settings Offline With an Intelligent Settings
Editor That Only Allows Valid Settings.
Settings–Create SELOGIC Control Equations With a Drag and
Drop Editor and/or Text Editor.
HMI–Device Overview.
SEL-2414 Data Sheet Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
8
Metering
The SEL-2414 provides extensive metering capabilities. See Specifications for metering and power measurement
accuracies. As shown in Tab le 1, metering includes current and voltage based metering and analog input, math variable,
and remote analog metering. Fundamental, maximum and minimum, and demand metering typically includes phase
voltages and currents; sequence voltages and currents; and power, frequency, and energy.
Additional Ordering Options
The following options can be ordered for any SEL-2414 model:
Ta bl e 1 M e te r in g Ty pe s
Standard
Fundamental IA, IB, IC, VA, VB, VC
Energy Real and Reactive (In and Out)
Maximum and Minimum Frequency, Voltages (VA, VB, VC), Currents (IA, IB, IC, 3I2), Reactive, and Real Power
Demand and Peak Demand IA, IB, IC, IG, 3I2
Analog Input AIx01–AIx08
Math Variable MV01–MV32
Remote Analog RA001–RA128
Analog Signal Profiling
Optional
➤Temperature and thermal (with the external SEL-2600 RTD Module, internal RTD option, or internal RTD/TC option)
➤Maximum and Minimum Temperatures
Digital I/Oa8 DI, 14 DI, 8 DO, 4 DI/4 DO, 4 DI/3 DO with 2 Form C and 1 Form B
Analog I/O 8 AI, 4 AI/4 AO
Temperatures 10 RTDs
CTs and PTs 3 ACI/3 AVI, 4CT, 3 AVI
Port 1 Single/Dual 10/100BASE-T copper (RJ45 connector)
Single/Dual 100BASE FX (LC connector)
Port 2 Fiber-Optic Port (62.5 µm core fiber, ST connectors, SEL-2812 compatible)
Port 4 EIA-232 or EIA-485 (PN 9751)
Protocols Serial: DNP3; Ethernet: Modbus TCP, DNP3 LAN/WAN, FTP, Telnet, IEC 61850
Mounting Surface Mounting kit for in-cabinet installation (PN 915900204)
Environment Conformal coating for chemically harsh and high-moisture environments
aUnless otherwise specified, all digital outputs are Form A.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. SEL-2414 Data Sheet
9
Automation
Flexible Control Logic and Integration Features
The SEL-2414 is equipped with as many as four inde-
pendently operated serial ports: one EIA-232 port on the
front, one EIA-232 or EIA-485 port on the rear, one
fiber-optic port, and one EIA-232 or EIA-485 port option
card. The device does not require special communica-
tions software. Use any system that emulates a standard
terminal system for engineering access to the device.
Establish communication by connecting computers,
modems, protocol converters, printers, an SEL commu-
nications processor, SCADA serial port, and an RTU for
local or remote communication. Apply an SEL commu-
nications processor as the hub of a star network, with
point-to-point fiber or copper connection between the
hub and the SEL-2414. Included communications proto-
cols are listed below.
Standard Protocols
➤Modbus RTU
➤SEL ASCII
➤SEL Compressed ASCII
➤SEL Fast Meter
➤SEL Fast Operate
➤SEL Fast SER
➤SEL Fast Message
➤SEL MIRRORED BITS
SEL-2414 logic improves integration in the following
ways.
Replaces Traditional Panel Control Switches
Eliminate traditional panel control switches with opera-
tor control pushbuttons or the 32 local bits, available
through the menu system. Program the four conveniently
sized operator pushbuttons to control fan banks and fan
lockout. Set, clear, or pulse local bits with the front-panel
pushbuttons and display. Program the local bits into your
control scheme with SELOGIC control equations. Use the
local bits to perform functions such as breaker trip/close.
Replaces Traditional Indicating Panel Lights
Replace traditional indicating panel lights with 32 pro-
grammable displays. Define custom messages (e.g., Fan
On, Fan Off) to report transformer or device conditions
on the front-panel display. Use advanced SELOGIC con-
trol equations to control which messages the device dis-
plays. Figure 8 shows an example.
Replaces Traditional Temperature Gauges
Replace traditional temperature gauges that show the
temperature, and the maximum and minimum tempera-
ture since last reset. The SEL-2414 Max/Min metering
records and time stamps the maximum and minimum
temperatures and transformer thermal model quantities.
Replaces Traditional Latching Relays
Replace as many as 32 traditional latching relays for
such functions as “remote control enable” with latch bits.
Program latch set and latch reset conditions with
SELOGIC control equations. Set or reset the nonvolatile
latch bits using optoisolated inputs, remote bits, local
bits, or any programmable logic condition. The latch bits
retain their state when the device loses power.
Eliminates External Timers
Eliminate external timers for custom protection or con-
trol schemes with 32 general purpose SELOGIC control
equation timers. Each timer has independent time-delay
pickup and dropout settings. Program each timer input
with any desired element (e.g., time qualify a current ele-
ment). Assign the timer output to control scheme logic.
Eliminates RTU-to-Device Wiring
Eliminate RTU-to-Device wiring with 32 remote bits.
Set, clear, or pulse remote bits using serial port com-
mands. Program the remote bits into your control scheme
with SELOGIC control equations. Use remote bits for
SCADA-type control operations such as trip and close.
Figure 8 Define Custom Messages to Report Station or
Device Conditions
FAN RUNNING
SWITCH OPEN
CONTROL ENABLE
Define custom messages to report
station or device conditions with
user-configured display points.
XFMR OVERLOAD
SEL-2414 Data Sheet Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
10
Communications Architectures
Figure 9 Typical Ethernet and EIA-485 Communications Architectures
Figure 10 Typical EIA-232 and Fiber-Optic Communications Architecture
10/100BASE-T Ethernet Port
- Modbus TCP
- DNP3 LAN/WAN
- Telnet
- FTP
- IEC 61850
Ethernet Switch
DCS or SCADA Master
EIA-485
- Modbus RTU
- DNP3 Level 2 Slave
DCS or SCADA Master
(A) Ethernet Communications Architecture (B) EIA-485 Communications Architecture
SEL-2414 SEL-2414 SEL-2414 SEL-2414 SEL-2414 SEL-2414 SEL-2414 SEL-2414
DCS or SCADA Master
Metallic or Fiber-Optic Serial Cable
Local HMI
SEL RelaySEL Relay
EIA-232 or Fiber Optic
- Modbus RTU
- DNP3 Level 2 Slave
- SEL ASCII
- SEL Fast Message, Fast SER
- SEL Fast Meter, Fast Operate
SEL-2414 SEL-2414
SEL-351SEL-351
SEL-3555
Indice
Altri manuali Sel Monitor
