Sonel UV-260 Corona Camera Manuale utente

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

USER MANUAL

CORONA CAMERA

UV-260

SONEL S.A.

Wokulskiego 11

58-100 Świdnica

Version 1.03 17.12.2019

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

The UV-260 Corona Camera detects and precisely locates corona discharge emanating from

high-voltage devices. It will help locate and determine the power of a discharge by capturing UV

radiation released during corona discharge and provides a reliable method for the technical

assessment of the operation and behaviour of high-voltage equipment.

When corona discharges are detected, the camera will overlay images of the corona on the

visible image. Images are displayed in real time on the camera's screen. Under user control the

images may be also recorded as a video file. Images may be stopped and saved as a still image.

Recorded images and videos arestored on a removable SDcard in a format compatible with viewing

on personal computers.

Main features of UV-260:

high UV-sensitivity, user adjustable

automatic or manual focus adjustment for real image and UV image

combining of visible-spectrum images and UV-spectrum images

automatic reduction of noise and interference

5.7" TFT touch-screen

designed to operate in sunlight

UV discharge detection alarm

built-in GPS system for recording location

precisely locates UV discharge sources

UV discharges and visible images recorded as photos or videos in common PC format

report generator program included

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

CONTENTS

1. Introduction..................................................................................................5

2. Safety ............................................................................................................ 5

3. Principle of Operation ................................................................................. 6

3.1. Electromagnetic radiation: visible, infra-red, ultraviolet.........................................6

3.2. Mechanism of Corona Discharge..........................................................................7

3.3. Why Corona Discharge?.......................................................................................8

3.4. Detection of Corona Discharge.............................................................................8

4. Preparing the Camera for Operation ....................................................... 10

4.1. External design of the camera ............................................................................10

4.2. Mounting on a Tripod..........................................................................................11

4.3. Moving and Holding the Camera.........................................................................12

5. Ports and Buttons......................................................................................13

5.1. External Ports .....................................................................................................13

5.2. Layout and functions of buttons..........................................................................14

5.2.1. Navigation buttons...................................................................................................14

5.2.2. Operating mode buttons..........................................................................................15

5.2.3. Control of power supply / charging and alarm - corona discharge indicator..............15

6. Operation and Battery Charging ..............................................................15

6.1. Inserting the Battery............................................................................................15

6.2. Charging the Battery...........................................................................................16

6.3. Guidelines for Using the Battery .........................................................................16

7. Working with UV-260 Camera...................................................................17

7.1. Operation of the buttons .....................................................................................18

7.1.1. Recording a Video...................................................................................................18

7.1.2. Recording a Static image.........................................................................................18

7.1.3. Switching the Image Mode ......................................................................................18

7.1.4. "Freezing" Displayed Image.....................................................................................18

7.1.5. Changing the Focus Mode.......................................................................................18

7.1.6. Gain Adjustment......................................................................................................19

7.1.7. Zoom.......................................................................................................................19

7.1.8. Manual Focus..........................................................................................................19

7.1.9. Zooming In..............................................................................................................19

7.1.10. Playing a Voice Note...............................................................................................19

7.1.11. Zooming UV+ Image.............................................................................................19

7.2. Operating the Menu ............................................................................................20

7.2.1. Main menu ..............................................................................................................20

7.2.2. Image Settings ........................................................................................................21

7.2.3. Video.......................................................................................................................22

7.2.4. Image......................................................................................................................22

7.2.5. System....................................................................................................................22

7.2.6. Sub-menu "System Settings"...................................................................................23

8. "Sonel UV Analyse" software...................................................................24

8.1. System Requirements.........................................................................................24

8.2. Software Operation.............................................................................................24

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

8.2.1. Starting-up Software................................................................................................24

8.3. Software Operation.............................................................................................25

8.3.1. Main Function Area .................................................................................................25

8.3.2. Toolbar....................................................................................................................26

8.3.3. Template Selection..................................................................................................26

8.3.4. Appearance Setting & Font Setting..........................................................................28

8.3.5. Cancel.....................................................................................................................28

8.3.6. Line.........................................................................................................................28

8.3.7. Edit Box...................................................................................................................28

8.3.8. Add Pictures............................................................................................................28

8.3.9. Image Setup............................................................................................................30

8.3.10. Audio Play...............................................................................................................31

8.3.11. List box....................................................................................................................32

8.3.12. Vertical list...............................................................................................................33

8.3.13. Line Analysis...........................................................................................................33

8.3.14. Histogram................................................................................................................34

8.3.15. Page Attribute..........................................................................................................35

8.3.16. Video Transmission.................................................................................................35

10.Other Information ......................................................................................38

10.1.Cleaning and Maintenance .................................................................................38

10.2.Storage ...............................................................................................................38

10.3.Dismantling and Disposal....................................................................................38

10.4.Transport.............................................................................................................38

11.Technical specifications ...........................................................................39

12.Accessories................................................................................................40

13.Manufacturer ..............................................................................................41

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

1. Introduction

Thank you for choosing the UV-260 corona camera. The UV-260 Corona Camera is a high-

quality imaging device that is easy and safe to use. Carefully read this manual before the first use to

prevent errors and problems while operating the device.

This manual contains three types of warnings that describe the possible risks both for the user

and the device. Information with a "WARNING" describe situations which may endanger the user's

life or health when instructions are not followed. "CAUTION!" describes of a situation which may

result in damage to the device when instructions are not followed. Indication of possible problems is

preceded by "Note".

The device has been designed, developed, and manufactured in accordance with ISO 9001

quality systems. Sonel reserves the right to change device specifications without prior notice.

2. Safety

WARNING

Do not attempt to open the device as none of the components can be repaired or

calibrated by the user. Any maintenance activities may be carried out only by

authorized service personnel.

NOTE

Do not drop, or subject the camera to rough handling or shocks during operation, handling,

and transportation.

NOTE

Avoid pointing the lens directly at the sun or objects that emit very high temperature as this

may cause damage. Take care to observe this precaution and make sure the camera is not

pointed at the sun when switching the device ON/OFF.

NOTE

Never touch the lens. Dust accumulated on the lens may be removed only by using special

tools or compressed clean air.

The camera should be stored in cool, dry place, away from sources of strong electromagnetic

fields. When the camera is not used for a long time remove the batteries.

During operation the camera should be securely fastened to minimize shake and vibrations that

will adversely affect the accuracy.

WARNING

Do not use the camera if it's enclosure is damaged in any way as this is a safety threat to

the user.

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

When working with the device observe the technical conditions specified in this manual.

Damage to the camera, resulting from improper use, alteration, and obvious negligence are not

covered by the warrantee.

3. Principle of Operation

Corona discharge is one of three types of partial discharge. Partial discharge is the breakdown

of an insulator (or dielectric) caused by high voltage stress, usually in a portion or area between two

conductors that does not result in a complete short circuit. In addition to corona discharge there are

surface discharges, due to contaminated insulator surfaces, and internal discharges caused by the

degradation of the insulation that results in voids or pockets that provides paths for partial discharge

to develop. These situations are progressive in that discharge currents exacerbate further

degradation ultimately leading to complete insulator failure. Corona-type partial discharge is the

localized ionization of a gaseous insulationsystem, suchas air, usuallyconfined to a limited distance

between two conductors. Corona can occur within voids in insulators as well as at the surfaces where

conductors and insulators meet.

3.1. Electromagnetic radiation: visible, infra-red, ultraviolet

Individual types of electromagnetic radiation have wavelengths as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Electromagnetic waves of different lengths.

Gamma Rays

X-Rays

Ultraviolet

Visible radiation

Infrared

Microwaves

Radio waves

Thermal camera

UV camera

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

3.2. Mechanism of Corona Discharge

Corona discharge is a current flow, usually in a gas such as air, from a discharge electrode under

high voltage conditions that causes ionization of the surrounding gas. Ionization is the separation of

electrons from the gas atoms. If sufficiently ionized the gas can create a plasma; ionized matter

containing electrically charged particles, around the electrode. The ions in the plasma create an

electrical path that carry the electrons to lower potential.

If the discharge electrode has a sharp or pointed shape, a high-voltage potential gradient is

generated around the point. If the potential gradient is high enough to cause ionization a discharge

will occur. At very high voltage it may be a sparking phenomena, or it may be an arc whereby a

plasma is created that establishes a path of continuous electron flow. Corona accompanies plasma

states but also occurs when ionization levels are not at a full plasma state of high volume electron

flow; i.e. corona emissions can also be initiated a lower level of discharge or electron flow provided

ionization is present.

Most corona discharge is invisible in daylight. Even in total darkness it may be barely visible as

a blue-violet afterglow as most of the radiation generated is in the ultraviolet range and invisible to

human eye. Attempting to observe corona at night is virtually impossible since total darkness cannot

be achieved in urban environments. Other methods of detection attempts to use acoustics to detect

the crackling sounds that can accompany discharges but these methods are unreliable and cannot

precisely locate the source of corona generation. Thus, acoustic-based detection methods are being

replaced with UV-based detectors that are far more effective.

Corona discharges are generated in the electromagnetic spectrum wavelengths in the range

between 200 to 405 nm. Solar radiation contains visible light, infra-red, and ultraviolet radiation. By

using an appropriate filter with wavelength between 240 to 280 nm to suppress UV radiation from

the sun the camera is designed to detect corona even in daylight conditions.

Fig. 2: The spectrum of corona discharge

Range filtered by the

camera

Solar radiation spectrum

Visible light

Ultraviolet

Wavelength (nm)

UV-260 –USER MANUAL

Depending on the polarity of the discharge electrode, the corona discharge may be positive or

negative. In either case of negative or positive discharges photons are the main source of radiation.

When the gas atoms are ionized their electrons are "excited" and kicked up to a higher energy states.

Photons are released bythe ionized atoms as they return to lower energy states. The corona camera

shows a display scale in "UV photons" to provide an indication of the volume of photons generated.

Positive discharge is said to be homogeneous; the majority of charges are concentrated close to

the electrode so the discharge area is well defined and easily located. Negative discharge at the

same voltage may be weaker and more difficult to locate since the energy is more spread out over a

wider area.

3.3. Why Corona Discharge?

Corona discharges are a loss of energy. Unwanted corona discharge also cause a variety of

problems such as radio interference i.e. poor reception of radio signals due to noise coming from

nearby high voltage power lines. The most adverse effect of corona discharges is the impact on the

condition of insulation elements resulting in "wear and tear" over time; i.e. the gradual deterioration

of the insulator and it's ability of the to provide a dielectric barrier. Even the presence of small

discharges cause adverse effects. The discharge current flow generates corrosive substances that

contribute to the breakdown of insulators creating voids and cracks. These enable the ingress of

moisture to internal components, further accelerating degradation.

If left unchecked bad insulation can bring about the failure of entire power transmissionsystems.

Since high voltage transmission systems are the main arteries of power that serve millions of

consumers, any disruption to the electrical grid's transmission systems is both economically and

socially disastrous. Therefore, it is prudent to detect the early stages of corona discharges to catch

incipient problems before they develop and lead to permanent damage that results in costly repairs

and wide-area blackouts. Locating corona discharges is a sensible cautionary preventative

maintenance measure, similar to infra-red thermal camera inspection methods, to discover potential

problems before they arise.

3.4. Detection of Corona Discharge

The UV-260 detects and locates corona discharges by detecting their UV radiation. The level of

discharge is quantified and the number of discharges in a certain time-frame is represented

graphically by the 'UV image'. The camera operates in both the visible light and the UV spectrums.

By pointing the camera at a desired object and viewing it as a real image, in the same way as any

video camera, any detected UV emissions are precisely overlaid on the visible image. The UV

radiation is represented as a white, blue, or red video image rendered against the visible image. This

provides an accurate method of locating the source of emissions and therefore the point of

degradation that would otherwise be difficult to distinguish in high voltage transmission systems, or

complex substations with multiple conductors and equipment. Inspection for corona with the UV-260

is inherently safe when high voltage systems are live since inspection is performed from a distance.

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