ST STEVAL-IHM017V1 Manuale utente

April 2008 Rev 1 1/39

UM0522

User manual

100 W 3-phase inverter for BLDC sensorless motor

evaluation board

Introduction

The 100 W 3-phase inverter for the BLDC sensorless motor evalaluation board (for brevity

also referred with its order code STEVAL-IHM017V1) is a complete development platform

for BLDC sensorless motor application with nominal power up to 100 W. It is based on a

cost-effective, flexible and open design, including a three-phase inverter bridge based on

the STD5NK52ZD-1 Power MOSFET in IPAK package and an ST7MC 8-bit microcontroller

with 16 Kbyte internal Flash memory.

The system has been designed to drive a three-phase brushless motor with permanent

magnet rotor exploiting trapezoidal sensorless control.

The STEVAL-IHM017V1 features complete hardware for developing motor control

applications based on ST7MC peripherals including motor control peripheral (MTC). The

STEVAL-IHM017V1 uses an in-circuit communication (ICC) standard interface to connect to

the host PC via In-circuit debuggers/programmers such as the inDART-STX board from

Softec. The board is designed to support 230 Vac of bus voltage up to 100 W of input power.

It also includes a power supply stage with VIPer12A-E as the buck converter to generate

voltage reference for the driver and the microcontroller.

Figure 1. STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board

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Contents UM0522

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Contents

1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2 System architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3 Safety and operating instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.2 Evaluation board intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.3 Evaluation board installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.4 Electronic connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.5 Evaluation board operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4 ST7FMC2S4T6 microcontroller functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.1 Main features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5 STD5NK52ZD-1 characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

6 Board electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

7 Board architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

7.1 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

7.2 Power stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

7.3 ICC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

7.4 Board schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8 Motor control operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

8.1 Environmental considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

8.2 Hardware requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

8.3 Software requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

8.3.1 Installing the software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

STEVAL-IHM017V1 - GUI installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

3rd party software installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Installation note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

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UM0522 Contents

3/39

8.4 Board setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

8.5 Firmware description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

8.6 Configuring the firmware using GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

8.7 Motor type selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

8.8 "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

8.9 “3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" advanced settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

8.10 Changing the maximum current allowed by GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

8.11 Compiling the firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

8.12 Programming firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8.13 Setup option byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

8.14 Board connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

8.15 Changing the maximum current level allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

8.16 Driving the BLDC motor (trapezoidal - sensorless) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

8.17 LED behavior after power-on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

8.18 Potentiometers functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

9 Bill of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

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List of figures UM0522

4/39

List of figures

Figure 1. STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Figure 2. Motor control system architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Figure 3. STD5NK52ZD-1, package and internal schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Figure 4. Board architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Figure 5. Power supply architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Figure 6. Gate driving network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Figure 7. Board layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Figure 8. ICC connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Figure 9. Board schematic - control block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Figure 10. Board schematic - power block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 11. STVD7 for InDART-STX toolset configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Figure 12. Motor type choice window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 13. "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" settings basic parameters window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 14. “3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" advanced parameters window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 15. ST7VD active project configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 16. System setup for programming phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 17. Option byte settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Figure 18. Programming option auto window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Figure 19. System setup for running phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

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UM0522 List of tables

5/39

List of tables

Table 1. ST7FMC2S4T6 functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Table 3. Board electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Table 4. Configuration “.h” files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Table 5. "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" basic parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Table 6. "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" advanced parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Table 7. Potentiometer functionality based on open/closed loop driving strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Table 8. Bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Table 9. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

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Overview UM0522

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1 Overview

1.1 Features

●Input voltage 220 - 230 Vac

●Maximum power 100 W

●Power MOSFET STD5NK52ZD-1 - 4.4 A 520 V included

●15 V auxiliary power supply connector

●Programming and debug support via 10-pin ICC connector

●Three potentiometers for runtime settings

●Start/stop button

●Reset button

1.2 Applications

●Refrigerator compressors

●Dishwasher pumps

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UM0522 System architecture

7/39

2 System architecture

A generic motor control system can be basically schematized as the arrangement of four

main blocks (see Figure 2):

●A control block whose main tasks are to accept user command and motor drive

configuration parameters and to provide digital signals to implement the proper motor

driving strategy

●A power block that makes a power conversion from DC bus transferring it into the motor

by means of a three-phase inverter topology

●The motor itself. The STEVAL-IHM017V1 board is able to drive a three-phase

brushless motor with permanent magnet rotor exploiting trapezoidal sensorless control.

●The power supply block is able to accept 230 Vac input voltage and provide the proper

levels to supply both the control block and power block devices.

Figure 2. Motor control system architecture

The system proposed by STEVAL-IHM017V1 includes all the above hardware blocks (apart

the motor) plus a software GUI that allows configuring the motor drive. Moreover, an open

source C code is available, derived from the ST7MC motor control libraries, allowing easy

customization and extension of control algorithms. The core of the control block is

constituted of an ST7MC MCU that provides the driving signals to the power block according

to a driving strategy, the latter one closely related to the motor type and characteristics.

Driving signals are constituted of 3 complementary PWM signals (in the range of 0-5 V) for

providing logic inputs for high/low side gate driver belonging to the power block. In the

system proposed, three legs are present (3-phase inverter). The power block, based on the

gate drivers L6386 and Power MOSFET (STD5NK52ZD-1), converts the control signals

from ST7MC MCU to power signals for the three phase inverter in order to drive the motor.

The board can be supplied by an AC power supply of 230Vac with a maximum input power

of 100 W. Please refer to Section 7: Board architecture on page 14 for more details on

system architecture.

With the included Power MOSFET device STD5NK52ZD-1, the maximum rating of rectified

voltage is 520 V and the maximum continuous current is 4.4 A at 25°C.

Control

Block

Power

Block

Power

Supply Motor

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Safety and operating instructions UM0522

8/39

3 Safety and operating instructions

3.1 General

Warning: During assembly and operation, STEVAL-IHM017V1

evaluation board poses several inherent hazards, including

bare wires, moving or rotating parts, and hot surfaces. There

is danger of serious personal injury and damage to property,

if the kit or its components are improperly used or installed

incorrectly.

All operations involving transportation, installation and use, as well as maintenance are to

be carried out by skilled technical personnel (national accident prevention rules must be

observed). For the purposes of these basic safety instructions, "skilled technical personnel"

are suitably qualified people who are familiar with the installation, use, and maintenance of

power electronic systems.

3.2 Evaluation board intended use

The STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board is a component designed for demonstration

purposes only, and shall not be used for electrical installation or machinery. The technical

data as well as information concerning the power supply conditions shall be taken from the

documentation and strictly observed.

3.3 Evaluation board installation

The installation and cooling of the demonstration kit boards shall be in accordance with the

specifications and the targeted application (see Section 8: Motor control operations on

page 19).

The motor drive converters shall be protected against excessive strain. In particular, no

components are to be bent, or isolating distances altered during the course of transportation

or handling.

No contact shall be made with other electronic components and contacts.

The boards contain electrostatically sensitive components that are prone to damage through

improper use. Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed (to

avoid potential health risks).

3.4 Electronic connections

Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the main

power supply with a motor drive. The electrical installation shall be completed in accordance

with the appropriate requirements (e.g., cross-sectional areas of conductors, fusing, PE

connections; for further information, see Section 8: Motor control operations on page 19).

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UM0522 Safety and operating instructions

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3.5 Evaluation board operation

A system architecture which supplies power to the STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board

shall be equipped with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the

applicable safety requirements (e.g., compliance with technical equipment and accident

prevention rules).

Warning: Do not touch the board after disconnection from the voltage

supply, as several parts and power terminals which contain

possibly energized capacitors need to be allowed to

discharge.

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ST7FMC2S4T6 microcontroller functions UM0522

10/39

4 ST7FMC2S4T6 microcontroller functions

4.1 Main features

●TQFP44 package

●16 Kbyte dual voltage Flash program memory with read-out protection capability

●768 bytes RAM (256 stack bytes)

●Clock, reset and supply management with:

– enhanced reset system

– enhanced low voltage supervisor (LVD) for mains supply and auxiliary voltage

detector (AVD) with interrupt capability

– clock sources: crystal/ceramic resonator oscillators and bypass for external clock,

clock security system

– four power-saving modes: halt, active-halt, wait and slow

●Configurable window watchdog timer

●Nested interrupt controller with 14 interrupt vectors

●Two 16-bit timers

●One 8-bit auto-reload timer

●Serial peripheral interface (SPI) (not used in this evaluation board)

●Serial communication interface (LINSCI™) (not used in this evaluation board)

●Motor controller (MTC) peripheral with:

– 6 high sink pulse width modulator (PWM) output channels

– asynchronous emergency stop

– analog inputs for rotor position detection

– permanent magnet motor coprocessor including: multiplier, programmable filters,

blanking windows and event counters

– Operational amplifier and comparator for current limitation

●10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with 11 inputs

●In-circuit communication interface (ICC, debug)

Table 1. ST7FMC2S4T6 functions

Function I/O name Description

(depends on embedded software)

MTC

MCO0 PWM outputs high side phase A

MCO1 PWM outputs low side phase A

MCO2 PWM outputs high side phase B

MCO3 PWM outputs low side phase B

MCO4 PWM outputs high side phase C

MCO5 PWM outputs low side phase C

MCIA, MCIB, MCIC Analog or digital input for position sensor or

B.E.M.F. detection

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