STE BK77 Manuale di servizio

Ver. 1.1

STE s.a.s. ELETTRONICA TELECOMUNICAZIONI

Via Maniago N.15 – 20134 – Milano – Italy

Tel.: +39.02.2153524 / 2153525 / 2157891 Fax: +39.02.26410928

www.stecom.com ste@stecom.com

PLL NBFM SYNTHESIZED VOICE/DATA TRANSCEIVER

433.05 – 434.79 MHz ISM BAND

BK77

OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL

STE sas Milano - ITALY Page 2 of 14

General Description

The BK77A5 and the BK77B5 are “PLL” synthesized UHF transceivers for use in Wireless

“Voice” ( Analogue Signal ) or “Data” transmission applications.

The transceivers operate on the 433.05-434.79 MHz ISM Band and are designed to comply to

the European Standards EN 300-220-3 ( class I ) and EN 301-489-3.

The transceivers employ NBFM ( Narrow Band Frequency Modulation ) with a 25 KHz

channel separation. The programming frequency step is 12.5 KHz.

A) BK77A5

The BK77A5 is designed in accordance with CEPT-ERC/REC 70-03 recommendation

( Annex 1 – Non specific short range devices ) for applications employing a 10 mW

max radiated power ( ERP ).

B) BK77B5

The BK77B5 has 500 mW output RF power ( 100mW in “ Low Power” ) and it is

programmable from 432 MHz to 436.1 MHz ( to cover also the Italian 436.000-

436.100 MHz Telemetry and Data transmission band ).

Fig. 1 CEPT ERC/REC 70-03 ISM 434 MHz Band.

Annex 1 – NON SPECIFIC SHORT RANGE DEVICES

ERP = 10 mW Duty-cycle < 10%

433.05 434.75 MHz

Pout

434.79

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 3 of 14

Fig. 2 - Block Diagram

+5 V

+5V

AV1

RSI ( "S")

ARX (AUDIO RX)

CD (CARR. DET.)

RXD (RX DATA)

PTT (TX ENABLE)

ATX (AUDIO TX)

TXD (TX DATA)

CTS ( CL. TO SEND)

PRO

PRI

CHD

CHC

CHB

CHA

DATA/VOICE

GND

Q8-Q9

DATA SQ.

P/P DEV.

IC4B

S/H

IC4A

L.P.F

DISCR.

IC2A

LEVEL

RX DATA

+ 5V

FREQ/TEMP

NTC

FREQ.

REF.

REV. POL.

Q6-Q7

DETECT

PROTEC.

CARRIER

IC2B

DATA

SLICER

COMP.

RV1

AUDIO

AMPL. 600

AUDIO

"S"

2° MIXER - IF

455 KHz

XF3

IC3B FM

AS1

+ 5R

+ 5V

IC3A

XF4

CER.DISCR.

IF AMP.

21.4 MHz

XF2

2° LOCAL

CER.FILT.

OSC.

2° L.O. ADJ.

AMP.

LNA

XF1

FILTER

T/R

D1-D2

IC9

+ 3V

+ 5V

+ 5R Q15

Q14

+ 5T

Q17

TXD

Q16

PTT

600

IC7B

AUDIO

LEVEL ADJ.

COMPENS.

+ 5V

TXD

IC6A

IC7A

+ 5V

uC PIC16F870

RV2

H/L

(LOW)

RV3

SWITCH

OPTION

D6A

D6B

Q11

P.A. Q10

HIGH/LOW

+ 5V

POWER

n.015920 (BK77)

0.5 W BOOSTER

PLL

POWER

n.015921 (BK78)

AS6

+ 3V

VCO

+5T

Q12

BUFFER

SUB. n.015918 (BK77)

VCO-PLL UNIT

LPF

SUB. n.015919 (BK78)

TP1

ADJ.

MOD1

DEV. ADJ.

(HIGH) IC6B

LPF

MOD2

TXE

RXE

5 x 10K

RD UART

PTT

CTS

TXD

D/V

L.D.

CH D

CLK

CH B

DATA

CH C

L.E.

CH A

UART

CHANNEL

SQUELCH

CV1

+ 5R

XTAL

FILTER

MIXER

SAW

BPF

LPF

-10 dBm

SQUELCH

+5V

IC10

+5V

STE sas Milano - ITALY Page 4 of 14

BK77A5 – BK77B5 Specifications

Min Typ Max Units Notes

GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE 432.000 436.100 MHz ( 1 )

CHANNEL SPACING 25 KHz

FREQUENCY PROGR. STEP 12.5 KHz

FREQUENCY STABILITY ±2.5 ±4 ppm ( 2 )

ANTENNA IMPEDANCE 50 Ω

DATA RATE ( DATA MODE) 1200 9600 Baud

FREQ. RESPONSE (VOICE MODE) 100 7000 Hz

SUPPLY VOLTAGE 4.75 5 5.25 V

SUPPLY CURRENT - Rx MODE 35 40 mA

SUPPLY CURRENT - Tx MODE :

a) BK77A5 (100 mW)

b) BK77B5 (500 mW)

100

250

OPERATING TEMPERATURE - 20 + 60 °C

DIMENSIONS 95 x 50 x 7.5 mm

WEIGHT 25 g

TRANSMITTER

RF OUTPUT POWER :

a) BK77A5 low

high

b) BK77B5 low

high

400

100

500

( 3 )

SPURIOUS EMISSION -40 - 36 dBm

FM DEVIATION 3 5 KHz

R/T SWITCHING TIME 5 10 ms ( 4 )

MODULATION :

VOICE MODE (PM MOD.)

VOICE MODE (FM MOD.)

DATA MODE (GMSK MOD.)

100

3000

5000

4800

( 5 )

RECEIVER

SENSITIVITY :

VOICE MODE (PM MOD.)

VOICE MODE (FM MOD.)

DATA MODE (4800 Baud)

-125

-115

dBm

( 6 )

( 7 )

SELECTIVITY 65 70 dB ( 8 )

IMAGE REJECTION 50 dB

DYNAMIC RANGE 100 110 dB

BLOCKING +84 +85 dB ( 9 )

T/R SWITCHING TIME 5 10 ms ( 4 )

NOTE :

(1) CEPT SRD BAND LIMITS = 433.05 – 434.79 MHz (6) 12dB SINAD – 1KHz dev. 3KHz

(2) OVER OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE (7) 1/10E2 BER

(3) CEPT MAX ERP = 10 mW (8) ADJACENT CHANNEL SELECTIVITY

(4) PLL LOCK-UP TIME (9) Fc ±1 MHz

(5) SQUARE WAVE 0-5 Vdc LEVEL

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 5 of 14

Fig. 3 - Physical dimensions

Fig. 4 - J1 connector

RV2 RV3

7,5

6,5

7164 30

4 X Ø2,6

1,2

42,5

5.08

2,54

0.5 W OPTIONAL BOOSTER

RV1 SQUELCH LEVEL

2° L.O.

FREQ.ADJ.

VCO

TUNE

TP1 FREQ.

ADJ.

n.1

n.20

(FUSE)

12 10

6 4

D/V

DATA/VOICE

CHD

CHC

CHB

CHA

RF CHANNEL

PRO

PRI

PROGRAMMING

(TTL LEVEL)

+5 VDC

RSI

ARX

AUX.

RXD

PTT

TXD

CTS

REC.SIG.STRENGH

AUDIO RX (-10 dBm 600Ω)

CARRIER DETECT

RX DATA (TTL LEVEL)

TX ENABLE

AUDIO TX (-10 dBm 600 Ω

TX DATA (TTL LEVEL)

CLEAR TO SEND

AB C D

PRI

PRO

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 6 of 14

Fig. 5 PC “COM” port connection to program channels and TX power ( HI/LO).

Fig. 6 “MCU” to transceiver typical connection ( “Data” mode).

19 20

5 VDC

MCU

"S"

MONITOR

CAR.DECT.

PTT

RXD

TXD

CTS

DATA/

VOICE

ARX

RSI

CHANNELS

SELECT

TTL - RS232

INTERFACE PROGRAMMING PC

PRI

PRO

5 VDC

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 7 of 14

Fig. 7 “MCU” to transceiver typical connection (“Data” mode) with channel parallel programming.

Fig. 8 Typical transceiver connections in “Voice” mode (analogue signals).

19 20

5 VDC

MCU

PTT

RXD

TXD

CTS CHD

CHC

CHB

CHA

DATA/

VOICE

ARX

RSI

19 20

5 VDC

6"S"

RX AUDIO OUTPUT (245 mVrms)

CAR.DECT.

-10 dBm , 600 Ohm Load

ATX

CHD

CHC

CHB

CHA

ARX

RSI

TX AUDIO INPUT (245 mVrms)

-10 dBm , 600 Ohm Load

NOTE (1) : S3 SELECTOR = OPEN

PTT

(1)

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 8 of 14

Fig. 9 Transceiver total control ( “DATA” mode) by external host microcontroller (TX , RX,

frequency, power ).

19 20

MCU

RXD

TXD

DATA/

VOICE

ARX (MONITOR)

RSI ("S")

CD (CAR. DET.)

5 VDC

PRO

PRI UART

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 9 of 14

DATA/VOICE input ( D/V - J1 pin n.18 )

The transceiver has two main operating modes, depending on D/V input :

1) D/V = Low ( 0 V )

“Voice” (analogue) signals can be transmitted with narrow band frequency modulation

(NBFM).

Depending on the selectors S2 and S4 (“A” or “B” position), PM (phase modulation

with 6 dB/oct emphasis) or FM (frequency modulation with flat frequency deviation) can

be selected.

Note : During “Voice” operating mode the Tx data input (TXD) is disabled .

2) D/V = High ( 5 V ).

Digital Data can be transmitted ( max data rate = 9600 Baud ) and the modulation

system is changed to “GMSK”.

The transceiver employs a Two Point Modulation system (VCO plus PLL Reference

Oscillator – see block diagram Fig. 2 ) to provide a flat response from 4.8 KHz down to

DC.

Note : In “DATA” operating mode the TX “VOICE” analog input “ATX” (J1- pin n.9) is not disabled.

Signal on “ATX” input must be avoided.

M , with an optimum audio response from 300 Hz to 3KHz, is best suited for voice or telephone grad

ignals (DTMF, AFSK slow speed Modems, selective call, etc.) and has the best “S/N” ratio with an Rx

sensitivity of - 120 dBm ( 12 dB SINAD ).

FM with 3 KHz fixed deviation can be the best choice for audio signals ranging from 50 Hz to 5 KHz

(Fast Modems, V/F converters, etc.).

Receiver sensitivity is –110 dBm ( 12 dB S/N ).

During “DATA” operating mode the TX has only two discrete transmitted frequencies :

Bit “0” (“TXD” input= 5V) corresponds to a transmitted frequency FL= Fc – 3KHz

Bit “1”(“TXD” input = 0V) corresponds to a transmitted frequency FH = Fc +3KHz

(Fc is the nominal RF channel center frequency).

STE sas Milano - ITALY Pag. 10 of 14

PRO, PRI ( J1 pins n.12-13) programming input-output

CH A-B-C-D ( J1 pins n.14-15-16-17) channel select input

PRI and PRO are connected to the IC10 microcontroller USART input-output

( see block diagram Fig.2 ) and are used to program the transmit and receive frequencies and

the TX output RF power ( “High” or “Low” ).

Refer to Fig.5 for the programming set-up.

Sixteen channels can be programmed and stored in the IC10 EEPROM memory.

In operation one of the 16 channels is selected using parallel control lines CHA, CHB, CHC

and CHD ( negative logic).

The transceiver can be also programmed (Through PRI and PRO) during normal operation on

default channel n.1 .Serial mode programming software is available for the BK7XX

transceiver – for further details contact the STE sales office.

TABLE 1

CHANNEL

CHD

CHC

CHB

CHA

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 0

3 1 1 0 1

4 1 1 0 0

“ “ “ “ “

15 0 0 0 1

16 0 0 0 0

Note : CHA-CHB-CHC-CHD inputs have internal pull-up (10 KΩ) to + 5 V.

IC10 (see Fig. 2) is a PIC16F870 flash microcontroller whose function is to control the genera

unctions of the transceiver and to program the channel frequency ( transmit or receive ) in the

“PLL” integrated circuit ( IC11 –Fujitsu MB15E03SL ).

The microcontroller has inside an EEPROM where are stored program configurations for up to 1

channels ( transmit and receive frequency, in 12.5 KHz step , and RF output power ).

One of these 16 channels is selected using parallel control lines via the terminals CHA,CHB,CHC

and CHD of J1 connector

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