Tegam 4040A Manuale utente

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

4040A

50 MHz PXI Differential

Instrumentation Amplifier

MODEL 4040A

Instruction Manual

PN# 4040A-840

Publication Date: June 2012

REV. E

NOTE: This User’s Manual was as current as possible when this product was manufactured. However, products

are constantly being updated and improved. To ensure you have the latest documentation, refer to

www.tegam.com.

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

Instrument Description .............................................................................1-1

Figure 1.1: Block Diagram of the 4040A.................................................1-1

Performance Specifications ........................................................................1-2

Functional Considerations..........................................................................1-4

Frequency Response Curves ......................................................................1-5

2PREPARATION FOR USE

Unpacking & Inspection.............................................................................2-1

Safety Information & Precautions ...............................................................2-1

Terms in this Manual ...........................................................................2-1

Terms as Marked on Equipment ............................................................2-1

Grounding the 4040A...........................................................................2-2

Danger Arising from the Loss of Ground .................................................2-2

Do not Use in Explosive Environments ...................................................2-2

Power Source .....................................................................................2-3

3OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

PXI Installation ........................................................................................3-1

Front Panel Description .............................................................................3-2

4SOFTWARE

5SERVICE INFORMATION

Cleaning .................................................................................................5-1

Performance Verification Procedure ............................................................5-1

Computer Set-up ................................................................................5-2

CMMR ................................................................................................5-2

Offset Adjustment ...............................................................................5-4

DC Gain .............................................................................................5-6

AC Gain .............................................................................................5-7

Parts Replacement ...................................................................................5-12

Preparation for Calibration or Repair Service................................................5-12

Expedite Repair and calibration Form ..........................................................5-13

Warranty.................................................................................................5-14

Warranty Limitations ...........................................................................5-14

Statement of Calibration ......................................................................5-14

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

1-1

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

SECTION 1

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

The 4040A is a single channel, differential input amplifier capable of high gain and equally high

attenuation values with a bandwidth from DC-50 MHz. The Model 4040A is capable of operating with

gains of x1, x10, and x100 in conjunction with attenuation by factors of: ÷1, ÷10, and ÷100. These

levels of gain and attenuation may be used in combination to condition a differential input signal so

that it matches the needed input of a low-level device such as a digitizer or oscilloscope. There is a

more in depth explanation contained in the specification section. In addition, the 4040A provides

programmable offset, anti-aliasing filters, input impedance and input coupling. Figure 1.1 is a block

diagram of the 4040A. The 4040A has been specifically designed to take two signals and make a valid

differential measurement by inverting one of the signals and adding the difference, this allows the user

to measure signals not referenced to local ground without compromising safety.

Figure 1.1: Block Diagram of the 4040A

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

1-2

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS

The multiple gain and attenuation settings of the 4040A interact to affect the performance in terms of

bandwidth and noise. Table 1.1 shows the various combinations and how these settings modify what

can be expected from the 4040A.

Net Gain

Input

Attenuation

Internal

Amplifier

Gain

Peak AC Input

Amplitudes

(V) d per

channel

a,b,c,d

Max

Differential

Voltage (V)

w/o clipping

a,b,c,d

Max

Volts to

Chassis

a,b,c

Noise,

Referred to

Input

-3 dB

Bandwidth

÷100

< 100

100 V

990 nV/√Hz

20 MHz

÷10

< 10

40 V

99 nV/√Hz

20 MHz

÷10

÷100

X10

< 10

100 V

990 nV/√Hz

50 MHz

÷1

< 1

4 V

9 nV/√Hz

20 MHz

÷10

X10

< 1

40 V

99 nV/√Hz

50 MHz

÷100

X100

< 1

100 V

990 nV/√Hz

20 MHz

÷1

X10

< 0.1

4 V

9 nV/√Hz

50 MHz

÷10

X100

< 0.1

40 V

99 nV/√Hz

20 MHz

100

÷1

X100

< 0.01

4 V

9 nV/√Hz

20 MHz

a. DC Coupled, 1 MΩ input

b. AC Coupled, 1 MΩ input: DC + Peak AC not to exceed 100 V; Peak AC component not to exceed table

c. 5 Vrms max into 50 Ω

d. DAC offset adjustment to zero

Table 1.1: Various Combination Possibilities of the 4040A

As an example, a total system gain of X1 can be achieved three different ways depending on the signal

requirements through attenuating and amplifying by different amounts. Choosing the best combination

involves trade offs in input amplitude, bandwidth and signal to noise ratio. Noise increases with higher

levels of attenuation because the noise specification is referred to the input. In relative terms the

signal to noise ratio is basically constant.

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

1-3

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

Input Specifications Value Clarification

Channels Single Channel Differential Input

Gains 100, 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01

Maximum Voltage Range ±100 V DC + Peak AC

Coupling AC, DC In AC 10 Hz and above

Input Impedance 1 MΩ| | 20 pF, 50 Ω±1%, Selectable

Input Voltage Range ±100 V For Gain 0.01 @ 1 MΩInput Impedance

±10 V For Gain 0.1 @ 1 MΩ Input Impedance

±5 V For Gain 0.1 @ 50 Ω Input Impedance

±1 V For Gain 1

±0.1 V For Gain 10

±0.01 V For Gain 100

Connection Type BNC Jacks 50 Ω, Quantity 2

Common Mode Rejection Ratio

(CMRR) 77 dB at 60 Hz For Gain setting of x1, x10 and x100 & Attenuation

(> 50 dB at 1 MHz) setting of ÷1

57 dB at 60 Hz For Attenuation setting of ÷10

37 dB at 60 Hz For Attenuation setting of ÷100

Total Harmonic Distortion <-60 db @ 1 MHz Output 1 Vp-p into 50 Ω

DC Gain Accuracy ± (0.1% |input| + 100 µV) Offset set to 0 for Gain 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01

± (1.5% |input| + 300 µV) Offset set to 0 for Gain 100

(Basic) AC Gain Accuracy ±0.15 dB Attenuation of 1, Gain of 1,

See Figures 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 for other settings

Over-voltage Protection ±100 V DC + Peak AC

(In Any Range)

Offset Range 0 to ± Full Scale Full Scale output of ±1 V into 50 Ω,

All Gain Ranges

Offset Resolution 38 µV per step 65,535 total DAC steps into 50 Ω

Offset Accuracy ±(0.5% of |Setting| + 300 µV) Referenced to 1 V Range

Temperature Stability ±(0.01% of |rdg| + 40 µV)/°C All Gain Ranges

Noise 9 nV/√Hz CMR=±1 V, Gain 10 and 100

Referred to Input for Frequencies >100 Hz

Rise Time ≤3.5 ns

Output Specifications Value Clarifications

Maximum Output Voltage ±1 V Single Ended into 50 Ω

Connection Type SMB Jack 50 Ω

Output Impedance 50 Ω±1%

LP Filter, Cutoff Frequency 100 kHz, 1 MHz Single Pole Filter

Bandwidth See Table 1.1

Passband Flatness See Figures 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 Limits off charts will not exceed ±3 dB for the

for limits Bandwidths listed in Table 1.1

Environmental

Specifications Value

Operating Temperature 0 °C to +45 °C, (32 °F to 113 °F) Ambient

Storage Temperature -20 °C to +50 °C (-4 °F to +122 °F)

Humidity Range <80% RH Non-Condensing

Warm-up Time 30 minutes

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1-4

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

Functional Considerations

Voltage & Current Limitations

In general, the maximum input voltage of the 4040A should not exceed ±100 V (200 Vp-p) when the

input terminator is set to 1 MΩ. However, some settings will produce incorrect results at lower

voltages. This occurs when the input signal or gain setting is too high and causes the output amplifier

to clip the signal. An example of this would be measuring a 10 V signal with the gain set to x100.

Mathematically this results in a 1000 V signal which clearly exceeds the 2 Vp-p rating of the output

amplifier. See Table 1.1 for a table of appropriate input voltages for given combinations of gain and

attenuation. No damage would occur to the 4040A or to a digitizer connected to it if the input range

was exceeded, but the signal would be distorted. A signal in excess of 100 V would cause the onboard

voltage limiting circuitry to activate and also create distortion.

There are other considerations when the 4040A is configured with the 50 Ohm input termination. The

input voltage is limited to a maximum of ±5 Vrms. This is due to the power limitations of the

terminator which is 2 W. To preserve the signal integrity and bandwidth of the amplifier the 50 Ohm

terminator is protected with surface mount single use fuses.

Important: Exceeding the rating of the input in this case requires the 4040A to be returned to the

factory for service.

Frequency Characteristics

The 4040A is capable of amplifying mill-volt level signals with a bandwidth from DC to 50 MHz. Some

combinations of gain and attenuation will limit the bandwidth to 20 MHz. See Table 1.1 for a complete

list of settings and the expected bandwidth. In addition, AC coupling rolls off the low frequencies at 10

Hz.

Two anti-aliasing low pass filters are included and tuned for 100 KHz and 1 MHz. These are first order

filters that roll off at 20 dB per decade.

Offset Adjustment

The 4040A includes a programmable offset adjustment that operates on the signal after the gain

stage. The resolution of the adjustment is 38 µV and can offset the signal ±1 V which is the entire

range of the output amplifier. It is not able to effectively offset a signal that exceeds the input range of

a given gain and attenuation setting.

Selecting Gains and Ranges

The amplitude of the signal being measured is the primary consideration when selecting the

appropriate gain and attenuation settings. As an example: A 100 mV signal that is riding on 42 V can

be effectively measured with an attenuation setting of ÷100 and a gain setting of x10. This is because

the differential operation of the 4040A rejects the 42 V common mode signal and only amplifies the

difference producing an output signal of 1 V. If the signal of interest was the 42 V itself the 4040A

should be configured with an attenuation of ÷100 and a gain of x1 producing an output signal of 0.42

V. The 4040A attenuates the signal prior to amplification.

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

1-5

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

Gain Deviation from Nominal (No Attenuation)

(Typical Data and Test Limits)

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1.0E+03 1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07 1.0E+08

Frequency (Hz)

Gain Error (dB)

1/1 Li mi t

10/1 Limit

100/1 Limi t

1/1 POS

1/1 NEG

10/1 POS

10/1 NEG

100/1 POS

100/1 NEG

Figure 1.2: Frequency Response Curves

Figure 1.2 depicts the typical frequency response curves from the nominal gain values with no

attenuation applied by the 4040A. The three different black bands, above and below the curves, give

the allowable limits for passband flatness for the different gain/attenuation settings. Individual plots

are given for both the positive and negative inputs of the 4040A for all gain/attenuation settings. For

example, to find the expected passband flatness from 10 kHz to 10 MHz to achieve an inverted gain of

100, the 100/1 NEG plot would be used in conjunction with the solid black limit lines. These lines are

used because the first number is for the gain, and the second number is for attenuation, POS for

positive, and NEG for negative. The expected passband flatness would be ±0.25 dB from 10 kHz to 6

MHz and +0.25 dB to -3 dB from 6 MHz to 10 MHz.

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1-6

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

Gain Deviation from Nominal ÷10 Attenuation

(Typical Data and Test Limits)

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1.0E+03 1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07 1.0E+08

Frequency (Hz)

Gain Error (dB)

1/10 Limit

10/10 Limi t

100/10 Limi t

1/10 POS

1/10 NEG

10/10 POS

10/10 NEG

100/10 POS

100/10 NEG

Figure 1.3: Frequency Response Curves

Figure 1.3 depicts the typical frequency response curves from the nominal gain values with an

attenuation of 10 applied by the 4040A. As with Figure 1.2, the three different black bands, above and

below the curves, give the allowable limits for passband flatness for the different gain/attenuation

settings. Individual plots are given for both the positive and negative inputs of the 4040A for all

gain/attenuation settings. For example, to find the expected passband flatness from 1 kHz to 7 MHz to

achieve an inverted gain of 10, the 100/10 NEG plot would be used in conjunction with the solid black

limit lines. These lines are used because the first number is for the gain, and the second number is for

attenuation, POS for positive, and NEG for negative. The expected passband flatness would be ±0.3 dB

from 1 kHz to 5 MHz and +0.3 dB to -3 dB from 5 MHz to 7 MHz.

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

1-7

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

Gain Deviation from Nominal ÷100 Attenuation

(Typical Data and Test Limits)

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1.0E+03 1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07 1.0E+08

Frequency (Hz)

Gain Error (dB)

1/100 Limi t

10/100 Limi t

100/100 Limi t

1/100 POS

1/100 NEG

10/100 POS

10/100 NEG

100/100 POS

100/100 NEG

Figure 1.4: Frequency Response Curves

Figure 1.4 depicts the typical frequency response curves from the nominal gain values with an

attenuation of 100 applied by the 4040A. As with Figure 1.2 & 1.3, the three different black bands,

above and below the curves, give the allowable limits for passband flatness for the different

gain/attenuation settings. Individual plots are given for both the positive and negative inputs of the

4040A for all gain/attenuation settings. For example, to find the expected passband flatness from 100

kHz to 25 MHz to achieve a gain of 1, the 100/100 POS plot would be used in conjunction with the

solid black limit lines. These lines are used because the first number is for the gain, and the second

number is for attenuation, POS for positive, and NEG for negative. The expected passband flatness

would be ±0.3 dB from 100 kHz to 5 MHz and +0.3 dB to -3 dB from 5 MHz to 20 MHz. 20 MHz is the

bandwidth limit for the 4040A in this setting. If 25 MHz is needed a setting of 10/10 or 1/1 can be

used as long as the input voltages for those ranges are not exceeded.

10 TEGAM WAY • GENEVA, OHIO 44041 • 440-466-6100 • FAX 440-466-6110 • sales@tegam.com

2-1

PREPARATION FOR USE

SECTION 2

PREPARATION FOR USE

UNPACKING & INSPECTION

Each TEGAM Model 4040A is put through a series of electrical and mechanical inspections before

shipment to the customer. Upon receipt of your instrument unpack all of the items from the shipping

carton and inspect for any damage that may have occurred during transit. Report any damaged items

to the shipping agent. Retain and use the original packing material for reshipment if necessary.

Upon Receipt, inspect the carton for the following items:

(1) Model 4040A Fast PXI Instrumentation Amplifier

(1) CD including Model 4040 User’s Manual, P/N 4040-901-01A and Software Drivers, P/N 1000019

SAFETY INFORMATION & PRECAUTIONS

The following safety information applies to both operation and service personnel. Safety precautions

and warnings may be found throughout this instruction manual and the equipment. These warnings

may be in the form of a symbol or a written statement. Below is a summary of these precautions.

Terms in This Manual:

“CAUTION” A statement to identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the

equipment, or other property.

“WARNING” A statement to identify conditions or practices that could result in personal injury or loss

of life.

Terms as Marked on Equipment:

“CAUTION” Indicates a personal injury hazard not immediately accessible as one reads the marking, or

a hazard to property including the equipment itself.

“DANGER” Indicates a personal injury hazard immediately accessible as one reads the marking.

This symbol denotes where precautionary information may be found.

Attention –Please refer to the instruction manual.

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