Texas Instruments THS4121 Manuale utente

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July 2001 Mixed-Signal Products

User’s Guide

SLOU118

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Texas Instrumentsand itssubsidiaries(TI) reservetheright tomakechanges totheirproducts ortodiscontinue

any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information

to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold

subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those

pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.

TI warrants performance of its products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with

TI’sstandardwarranty.TestingandotherqualitycontroltechniquesareutilizedtotheextentTIdeemsnecessary

to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except

those mandated by government requirements.

Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components.

In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating

safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.

TIassumesno liabilityforapplications assistanceorcustomerproduct design.TIdoes notwarrantor represent

thatanylicense,eitherexpressorimplied,isgrantedunderanypatentright,copyright,maskworkright,orother

intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such

products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products

or services does not constitute TI’s approval, license, warranty or endorsement thereof.

Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without

alterationand isaccompaniedby allassociatedwarranties,conditions,limitations andnotices. Representation

or reproduction of this information with alteration voids all warranties provided for an associated TI product or

service, is an unfair and deceptive business practice, and TI is not responsible nor liable for any such use.

Resale of TI’s products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for

that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service,

is an unfair and deceptive business practice, and TI is not responsible nor liable for any such use.

Also see: Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale for Semiconductor Products. www.ti.com/sc/docs/stdterms.htm

Mailing Address:

Texas Instruments

Post Office Box 655303

Dallas, Texas 75265

EVM IMPORTANT NOTICE

Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:

This evaluation kit being sold by TI is intended for use for ENGINEERING

DEVELOPMENT OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to

befitforcommercialuse.Assuch,thegoodsbeingprovidedmaynotbecompleteinterms

of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations,

including product safety measures typically found in the end product incorporating the

goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union

directive on electromagnetic compatibility and therefore may not meet the technical

requirements of the directive.

Should this evaluation kit not meet the specifications indicated in the EVM User’s Guide,

the kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE

FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO

BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR

STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS

FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Theuserassumesallresponsibilityandliabilityforproperandsafehandlingofthegoods.

Further, the user indemnifies TI from all claims arising from the handling or use of the

goods. Please be aware that the products received may not be regulatory compliant or

agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.). Due to the open construction of the product, it is

the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to

electrostatic discharge.

EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THE INDEMNITY SET FORTH ABOVE, NEITHER

PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,

INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.

TIcurrentlydealswithavarietyofcustomersforproducts,andthereforeourarrangement

with the user is not exclusive.

TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design,

software performance, or infringement of patents or services described herein.

PleasereadtheEVM User’sGuideand,specifically,theEVMWarningsand Restrictions

notice in the EVM User’s Guide prior to handling the product. This notice contains

important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For further safety

concerns, please contact the TI application engineer.

Personshandlingtheproductmusthaveelectronicstrainingandobservegoodlaboratory

practice standards.

No license is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property right of TI

covering or relating to any machine, process, or combination in which such TI products

or services might be or are used.

Mailing Address:

Texas Instruments

Post Office Box 655303

Dallas, Texas 75265

EVM WARNINGS AND RESTRICTIONS

It is important to operate this EVM within the specified input and output ranges described in

the EVM User’s Guide.

Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible

damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI

field representative prior to connecting the input power.

Applyingloadsoutsideofthespecifiedoutputrangemayresultinunintendedoperationand/or

possible permanent damage to the EVM. Please consult the EVM User’s Guide prior to

connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification,

please contact a TI field representative.

Duringnormaloperation,somecircuitcomponentsmayhavecasetemperaturesgreaterthan

60°C.TheEVM is designed to operateproperlywithcertain components above 60°C as long

astheinput andoutputranges are maintained.Thesecomponents includebutarenot limited

tolinearregulators,switchingtransistors,passtransistors,andcurrentsenseresistors.These

typesof devicescan beidentifiedusingtheEVMschematiclocated inthe EVMUser’sGuide.

When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware

that these devices may be very warm to the touch.

Mailing Address:

Texas Instruments

Post Office Box 655303

Dallas, Texas 75265

How to Use This Manual

Read This First

Preface

Read This First

About This Manual

This manual is written to provide information about the evaluation module of

the fully differential amplifier under test. Additionally, this document provides

a good example of PCB design for high speed applications. The user should

keep in mind the following points.

Thedesign ofthe high-speedamplifier PCBis asensitive process.Therefore,

the user must approach the PCB design with care and awareness. It is

recommended that the user initially review the data sheet of the device under

test. It is also helpful to review the schematic and layout of the THS4121 EVM

to determine the design techniques used in the evaluation board. In addition,

it is recommended that the user review the application note Fully-Differential

Amplifiers (literature number SLOA054B) to gain more insight about

differential amplifiers. This application note reviews the differential amplifiers

and presents calculations for various filters.

How to Use This Manual

-Chapter 1—Introduction and Description

-Chapter 2—Using the THS4121 EVM

-Chapter 3—General High-Speed Amplifier Design Considerations

Trademarks

Information About Cautions and Warnings

This book may contain cautions and warnings.

This is an example of a caution statement.

A caution statement describes a situation that could potentially

damage your software or equipment.

This is an example of a warning statement.

A warning statement describes a situation that could potentially

cause harm to you.

The information in a caution or a warning is provided for your protection.

Please read each caution and warning carefully.

Related Documentation From Texas Instruments

-THS4121 data sheet (literature number SLOS319A)

-Application report (literature number SLOA054B),

Fully-Differential Amplifiers

FCC Warning

Thisequipmentisintendedforuseinalaboratorytestenvironmentonly.Itgen-

erates,uses,and canradiate radio frequencyenergy andhasnot beentested

for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to subpart J of

part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection

against radio frequency interference. Operation of this equipment in other en-

vironmentsmay cause interferencewith radio communications,in whichcase

the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may

be required to correct this interference.

Trademarks

PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

Running Title—Attribute Reference

vii

Chapter Title—Attribute Reference

Contents

1 Introduction and Description 1-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1 Description 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2 Evaluation Module Features 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3 THS4121 EVM Specifications 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.4 Schematic of the Populated Circuit (Default Configuration) 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.5 THS4121 EVM Schematic 1-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.6 Additional Sample Schematics 1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.7 THS4121 EVM Layout 1-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 Using the THS4121 EVM 2-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.1 Required Equipment 2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2 Power Supply Setup 2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3 Input and Output Setup 2-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.4 Testing the EVM Setup 2-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.5 Power Down Verification 2-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.6 Measuring the Frequency Response 2-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.7 Butterworth Filter 2-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.8 THS4121 EVM Bill of Materials 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 General High-Speed Amplifier Design Considerations 3-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Running Title—Attribute Reference

viii

Figures

1–1 Schematic of the Populated Circuit on the EVM (Default Configuration) 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–2 Schematic 1-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–3 Fully-Differential In/Fully-Differential Out, Without Transformer 1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–4 Fully-Differential In/Fully-Differential Out, Utilizing Transformer 1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–5 VICR Level Shifter 1-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–6 Butterworth Filter With Multiple Feedback 1-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–7 Top Layer (Silkscreen) 1-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–8 Top (Layer 1) (Signals) 1-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–9 Internal Plane (Layer 2) (Ground Plane) 1-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–10 Internal Plane (Layer 3) (±Power Plane) 1-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–11 Bottom (Layer 4) (Ground and Signal) 1-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–1 Power Supply Connection 2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–2 Signal Connections 2-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–3 Driver 1 Output Signal 2-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–4 Multiple Feedback Filter Circuit 2-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–5 Gain vs Phase 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tables

2–1 THS4121 EVM Bill of Materials 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1

Introduction and Description

This document details the Texas Instruments THS4121 high-speed

operational amplifier evaluation module (EVM). It includes a list of EVM

features,abriefdescriptionofthemoduleillustratedwithaseriesofschematic

diagrams, EVM specifications, details on connecting and using the EVM, and

a discussion of high-speed amplifier design considerations.

The Texas Instruments THS4121 evaluation module (EVM) helps designers

evaluate the performance of the THS4121 operational amplifier. Also, this

EVM is a good example of high-speed PCB design.

ThisEVMenablestheusertoimplementvariouscircuitstoclarifytheavailable

configurations presented by the schematic of the EVM. In addition, the

schematic of the default circuit has been added to depict the components

mounted on the EVM when it is received by the customer. This configuration

correlates to the single input/differential output signal.

Othersamplecircuitsarepresentedtoshowhowtheusercanimplementother

circuit configurations such as differential input/differential output signal,

transformer utilization on the input and output terminals, VICR level shifter,

and Butterworth filter with multiple feedback. The user may be able to create

and implement circuit configurations in addition to those presented in this

document using the THS4121 EVM.

Topic Page

1.1 Description 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2 Evaluation Module Features 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3 THS4121 EVM Specifications 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.4 Schematic of the Populated Circuit (Default Configuration) 1-3. . . . . . .

1.5 THS4121 EVM Schematic 1-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.6 Additional Sample Schematics 1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.7 THS4121 EVM Layout 1-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 1

Description

1-2 Introduction and Description

1.1 Description

ThisEVMismadeoftheTHS4121high-speedoperationalamplifier,anumber

of passive components, and various features and component footprints that

enable the user to experiment and verify various operational amplifier circuit

configurations. Initially, this board is populated for a single-ended

input/differential-output amplifier (see Figure 1-2 for populated circuits). The

outputs(VO+ andVO–) canbe tested differentiallyorsingleended. Gainisset

to one and can be changed by changing the ratios of the feedback and gain

resistors (see the device datasheet for recommended resistor values). Each

input is terminated with a 50-Ωresistor to provide correct line-impedance

matching.

This EVM is optimized to work with ±1.65 power supplies. If the user tests the

deviceinasinglesupplymode(VDD=3.3V),thenthepropergroundingshould

be applied. The VOCM voltage level would be set at the mid rail (1.65-V when

VDD = 3.3 V). In general, the mid rail is the optimal area of the operation for

amplifiers. Therefore, if the device is operating at VDD = 3.3 V, it is

recommended that a dc offset be added to the input signal to shift it to the mid

rail.Havingtheinputsignalcenteredatthemidrailreducesthepeakingeffect.

RPU resistors in this EVM work as input signal level shifters. Therefore, they

canbe used toshift theinput signal level.To calculatethe RPU valuesuse the

following equation.

V(p) = V(pullup), RPU = R pullup (see EVM schematic)

RPU +V(p)*VDD

Ă(VI*V(P)) 1

Rg)(VO*V(p)) 1

The above equation is a good estimation tool for RPU. The user should

considerthe component error contribution tothe system. As a result,the RPU

number generated by the above equation could be changed slightly to

compensate for the error to provide the optimal result.

HavingVOCMlevelat1.65VabovetheGNDcausesacurrentflowfromVOCM

to GND. Consideration should be given to this current flow which will increase

the IDD.

1.2 Evaluation Module Features

THS4121 high-speed operational amplifier EVM features include:

JSingle and differential input and output capability

JNominal 50-Ωinput and output termination resistors. They can be

configured according to the application requirement.

JVOCM direct input control (see schematic and the device data sheet)

JVOCM pin can be controlled via transformer center-tap (see

schematic)

JShutdown pin control, JU1 (if applicable to the device, see the device

data sheet)

JInput and output transformer footprints for changing single-ended

signals to differential signals

Indice

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