Thames & Kosmos ANiMALS Manuale utente

EXPERIMENT MANUAL

Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizerstr. 5-7, 70184 Stuttgart, Germany | +49 (0) 711 2191-0 | www.kosmos.de

Thames & Kosmos, 301 Friendship St., Providence, RI, 02903, USA | 1-800-587-2872 | www.thamesandkosmos.com

Thames & Kosmos UK Ltd, Goudhurst, Kent, TN17 2QZ, United Kingdom | 01580 212000 | www.thamesandkosmos.co.uk

Experiments for Your Remote-Control

Animal Models

After building each model, set up your own experiments to answer the following

questions below. Or come up with your own questions to answer!

››› How long does it take for the animal model to move a distance of one meter?

Which animal model is the fastest and which is the slowest?

››› How far can the animal model move in 20 seconds?

››› Can the animal model walk uphill? Set up an inclined board and see if the

animal model can walk up the board. Try the board at diﬀerent degrees of

steepness. Likewise, can the animal model walk downhill?

››› How does the incline aﬀect the speed of the animal?

››› What happens when you play with the orientation of the shaft pins in the

medium gear wheels? Instead of puing the shaft pins in the correct holes as

indicated in the instructions, try puing them in the other holes. How does it

aﬀect the animal model’s movement? Do the models still work?

››› How much weight can your animal model pull? Tie a string to the animal model

that can drag along the surface behind the model. Tie various weights, such as

metal hardware (nuts, bolts, etc) to the string. Is the model powerful enough to

pull the weights forward?

››› How does the material of the surface on which the animal model is moving

aﬀect its movement? For example, for the walking animals, do they walk beer

on carpeting, hardwood ﬂoor, asphalt, or a lawn?

››› For the models that travel along a string: How does the degree to which the

string is taut aﬀect the animal model’s movement? Can it move along a loose

string as well as it can move along a taut string?

››› Does the IR remote control work the same in a very dark room as in a normally

lit room? What about in a very bright room?

››› Can you control the model from another room, through walls, with the IR

remote control? How about through a window?

››› Can you imagine completely diﬀerent types of bizarre mechanical animals that

you could make out of the building pieces in this kit? Can you combine the

models and plastic animal skins in new and funny ways to make creative

hybrid animals? How about a ﬂying rabbit, a penguin with the head of a T. rex,

or an elephant with claws?

After you are ﬁnished with your experiments, draw conclusions from the observed

results of your experiments.

6 2 0 37 3 - 0 3 - 0 9 1116

620373-02-210616

Safety Information .................. Inside front cover

Kit Contents............................................................. 1

Table of Contents................................................... 1

Tips and Tricks ....................................................... 2

MODELS

Crab ................................................................................ 3

Orangutan .................................................................. 7

Tyrannosaurus Rex ................................................. 12

Penguin....................................................................... 17

Pterosaur.................................................................... 21

Rabbit.......................................................................... 25

Elephant ..................................................................... 29

Scorpion ..................................................................... 33

Publisher’s Information ...........Inside back cover

Additional Experiments ...................... Back cover

› › › TABLE OF CONTENTS

What’s inside your experiment kit:

1 2 3 7 854 6 9 10

11 12 13 14 17 1815 16 19 2120 22 23

24 25 26

You will also need:

6 x AAA batteries

(1.5-volt, type AAA/

LR03)

GOOD TO KNOW !

If you are missing any parts,

please contact Thames &

Kosmos customer service.

TIP!

You will ﬁnd additional

information in the “Check it

out” sections on pages 6, 11,

16, 20, 24, 28, 32, and 36.

Checklist: Find – Inspect – Check oﬀ

No. Description Qty. Item No.

1 String, cotton (200 cm) 1 R39-W85-200

2 Joint pin 8 1156-W10-A1R

3 Small gear 2 7026-W10-D2R

4Shaft plug 47026-W10-H1R

5 Shaft pin 4 7026-W10-J3R

6 Motor axle 2 7026-W10-L1W

7 Axle, 7 cm 1 7061-W10-Q1D

8 5-hole dual rod B 2 7026-W10-S2W

9 5-hole dual rod C 2 7026-W10-S3W

10 Square frame 2 7026-W10-V1W

11 3-hole cross rod 37026-W10-X1W

12 3-hole wide rounded rod 4 7404-W10-C1W

13 7-hole wide rounded rod 4 7404-W10-C2W

14 7-hole flat rounded rod 4 7404-W10-C3W

15 Curved rod 4 7061-W10-V1W

16 90-degree converter - X 4 7061-W10-J1W

17 Flat triangle 4 7128-W10-A2S

18 Button pin 6 7061-W10-E2W

19 Eye pin 4 7128-W22-2

20 Two-to-one converter 47061-W10-G1W

21 Nose piece 2 7402-W10-C2D

22 Short anchor pin 1 880-W10-M1B

23 Anchor pin 8 7402-W10-C1D

24 Small pulley 17344-W10-N3S

25 Anchor pin lever 1 7061-W10-B1Y

26 Medium gear with 4 holes 4 7346-W10-C1B

27 IR remote control unit 1 7336-W85-A1

28 IR motor unit 1 7336-W85-B1

29 Plastic die-cut sheets (6) 1 7336-PP

› › › KIT CONTENTS

Remote-Control Machines: Animals

RCM ANIMALS Manual Inside New.indd 1 6/21/16 9:54 AM

KEYWORD:

BIOMECHANICS

Biomechanics is the study of living

things and biological systems

according to the methods of

mechanics, which is the area of

physics concerned with objects,

forces, and movement. The models

in this kit are mechanical. They

certainly do not function exactly

the same way as the bones and

muscles of the animals they

represent. Rather, they are designed

to use mechanical elements to

mimic signature movements of the

animals.

Now try the experiments

on the back cover!

Done!

WHAT’S HAPPENING

The T. rex walks forward or

backward on two legs, balancing

on one foot at a time. Notice how it

shifts its weight from foot to foot.

The large foot pads give it enough

surface area to balance on, so it

does not topple over.

The leg rods are mounted to the

gears via holes that are oﬀ-center

on the gears. When the gears

rotate, their rotary motion is

transformed into a linear, up-

and-down motion of the legs.

Tyrannosaurus Rex

LEGGED ROBOTS

Like scorpions, legged

robots are able to move

with the help of legs.

Usually, they have four

or six legs so they don’t

tip over so easily.

Deadly Arachnids

Scorpions are arachnids, a huge class of joint-legged invertebrates called arthropods. All

arachnids have eight legs. There are over 100,000 species of arachnids including spiders,

scorpions, ticks, and mites.

STINGER

A scorpion’s tail has six

segments. The last segment,

called the telson, has a

stinging barb on it. Inside,

there are glands that

produce poisonous venom.

The venom paralyzes the

scorpion’s prey which

primarily consists of insects.

CLAWS AND LEGS

Like crabs, scorpions have chelae, or claws, on

their foremost appendages. They have four pairs of

symmetrical legs and a carapace — a large upper

exoskeletal shell. Like crabs, they have an

exoskeleton on the outside and muscles, nerves

and tissue on the inside. Scropions can move very

quickly to surprise, aack, and paralyze their prey.

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