Toshiba T6963C Istruzioni per l'installazione e il funzionamento

ApplicationNote

InterfacingtoaGraphicsModulewithaToshiba

T6963CController

Page1

Introduction:

FunctionalDescription:

Schematic:

TheToshibaT6963CLCDcontrollerisoneofthemostpopularcontrollersforuseinsmallgraphics

displays.ForthisreasonitisusedinanumberofLCDmodulesfrom128x128to 240x128 pixels.

Thisclassofmoduleismostcommonlyusedtodisplayamixtureoftextand graphics in samall

devicesandinstruments.Itisusuallyinterfaceddirectlywithanembedded8-bit microprocessor.

Thisapplicationnotedescribestheuseofthiscontrollerwithanumberof graphics modules.

Theexampleusedhereisbasedonan8-bitIntelI8051microcontroller but applies to almost any

micro-controller.

TheT6963Cusesasimple8-bitdatabustotransferallinstructionsanddatatoandfromthe

display.Afterpowerisappliedahardwareresetisissued.Thecontrollermustthenbeinitialized

withaseriesofcommandstosetupthevariousmodesandoptionsavailabletotheuser.Once

initializedthedisplayisreadytoacceptthedatatobedisplayed.Thisdatacanbeintheformof

bit-mappedgraphicaldataortextdatainpseudoASCIIformat.Theinternalcharactergeneratoris

biasedat-20h.whichmeanstheusermustsubtract20hfromtheASCIIcodebeforesendingitto

thedisplay.

Inthebit-mappedmodeeachbyteofdatarepresents8pixelsonthedisplay.SeeFigure#1.Text

datacanbewritteninpseudoASCIIformatandwillbedisplayedasa5x7dotcharacter.The

graphicalandtextdataarewrittentoseparate,userassigned,areas,orpages,inthedisplayRAM

withinthedisplaymodule.Theusercanthenchooseoneofthreewaystomixthetextand

graphicspagesonthedisplayorthetextorgraphicspagecanbedisplayedalone.

The80C51microprocessorisconnectedtotheLCDcontrollerchipviaparallelI/Oportsinthis

example.Itcouldalsobeconnectedtotheprocessor'sdatabusandbemappedintothe

processor'sdatamemoryarea.Seefigure2.

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1

1BYTE

17BYTE

2BYTE

Figure#1Memorymapofa128x128display

ApplicationNote

Page2

+5v

-15V

VSS

VDD

33pF

16.00mHz

RST

1N4148

+5v

1uF

10k

80C51

P1.0

P1.1

P1.2

P1.3

P1.4

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

P3.0

P3.1

P3.2

P3.3

RESET

240x64LCDDISPLAY

20K

Figure2Schematicdiagram

Software:

Thesampleprogramhereiswrittenin8051assemblylanguageandisdesignedtoworkwiththe

hardwareshowninFigure2.Itisbasedona240x64displaybutisapplicabletoanyLCD with the

T6963Ccontroller.

Theprogramfirstresetsthedisplay.Thisresetmustlastaminimumof2µS.Itthensendsaseriesof

commandbytesandparameterstotheLCDcontrollertoinitializeit.TheT6963Crequiresthatthe

parameters,ifany,aresentinthedatamodeandmustprecedethecommandbyte,whichissentin

thecommandmode.

Thecontrollerisinitializedwiththegraphicspageat0000-077fh.Thisis1920byteswhichwill

accommodateafullscreenofdata.Notextisdisplayedinthisexamplebutthecontrolleris

initializedfortextoperationtoillustratetheprocess.Thetextpagestartsimmediatelyfollowingthe

graphicspageatlocation0780h.

TheFS(FontSelect)lineissettoazerointhisexamplewhichwillplacethe5x7pixelcharacterina

8x8pixelfield.Thiswillproduce30charactersperlinewith8linesperdisplay().Thetotal

numberofcharacters possibleinthismodeis240.

Afterinitializationthecontrollerissetintheautowritemodeandthedisplayisfilledwithabit-

mappedgraphic.

Thecodeexampleisnotwrittentobeefficientbuttobeassimpleaspossible.

AoneontheFSlinewillproducean6x8pixel

fieldforeachcharacter.

tofollow

240

8=30

ApplicationNote

Page3

SoftwareFlowchart:

MSGC:

SENDA

COMMAND

WITH

PARAMETERS

SETCOUNTER

TO2

GETBYTE

FROMTABLE

CALL

WRITED

INC.TABLE

POINTER

DECREMENT

COUNTER

GETCOMM.

FROMTABLE

CALL

WRITEC

CNT=

YES NO

DISPLAY

BITMAP

START:

INITIALIZE

T6963C

END

MAINPROGRAMLOOP

STATUS:

STATUSCHECK

SETC/DTO1

READBYTE

RDHIGH

RDLOW

STATUS

OK?

YES

RETURN

GETBYTE

FROMTABLE

END

BYTE?

YES

CALL

WRITED

INC.TABLE

POINTER RETURN

MSGD:

SENDABLOCKOFDATA

TOTHEDISPLAY

STATUS

OK? STATUS

OK?

YES

NO YES NO

WRITEC: WRITED:

WRITEA

COMMANDBYTE WRITEA

DATABYTE

RETURN

DATATOP1

WRHIGH

WRLOW

SETC/DTO1 SETC/DTO0

ApplicationNote

Page4

Initializationbytes:

COMMAND CODE PARAMETERS* FUNCTION

TEXTHOMEADDRESS 40h 80h,07h STARTOFTHETEXTSTORAGEAREAINDISPLAYRAM

0780h

1eh,00h

14h,00h

10h,00h

LINELENGTHINCHARACTERS=30=1ehFORAN

8BITCHARACTERCELL(FS=0).(28hFORFS=1)

LINELENGTHINPIXELS=30=1eh

LINELENGTHINPIXELS=20=14h

LINELENGTHINPIXELS=16=10h

Displayedimage:

Initialization:

BeforetheLCDcontrollercanacceptordisplaydataortextitmustbeinitialized.Thisisusually

doneimmediatelyafterthesystemispoweredup.Thefollowingchartliststheinitialization

commandsandtheparametersthataccompanythemalongwithabriefexplanationofthefunction

ofeach.Whereaparameterisdifferentforadisplaythatdiffersinresolutionfromthe240x64

example,thealternatevaluesarealsolisted.

TEXTAREA

GRAPHICAREA

41h

43h

*ADDRESSESAREFORMATTEDAS[LSB,MSB]

240

160

128

(240x128,240x64)

LINELENGTHINCHARACTERS=20=14hFORAN

8BITCHARACTERCELL(FS=0).(1ahFORFS=1)

LINELENGTHINCHARACTERS=16=10hFORAN

8BITCHARACTERCELL(FS=0).(15hFORFS=1)

(160x128)

(128x128)

160

128

GRAPHICHOMEADDRESS 42h 00h,00h

00h,00h

STARTOFTHEGRAPHICSSTORAGEAREAINDISPLAY

RAM0000h

MODESET 81h "EXOR"TEXTMODE

ADDRESSPOINTERSET 24h LOCATIONOFNEXTDATAWRITE(ORREAD)

INTHISCASETHEBEGINNINGOFTHEGRAPHICSAREA

DISPLAYMODESET 98h TEXTOFF,GRAPHICSON

ApplicationNote

Page5

$mod51

;**************************************************

;**

;*T6963ApplicationNoteV1.0*

;**

;**************************************************

;Theprocessorclockspeedis16MHz.

;Cycletimeis.750mS.

;Demosoftwaretodisplayabit-mapped

;graphicona240x64graphicsdisplay

;withaT6963CLCDcontroller.

org000h

ljmpstart;programstart

org100h

start:

;InitializetheT6963C

clrp3.3;hardwarereset

nop

setbp3.3

movdptr,#msgi1;initializationbytes

lcallmsgc

;Startofregularprogram

;Displaygraphic

movdptr,#msgi2;setautomode

lcallmsgc

movdptr,#msg1;displaygraphic

lcallmsgd

sjmp$

;*************************************************

;SUBROUTINES

;MSGCsendsthedatapointedtoby

;theDPTRtothegraphicsmodule

;asaseriesofcommandswith

;twoparameterseach.

msgc: movr0,#2;#ofdatabytes

msgc2: clra

movca,@a+dptr;getbyte

cjnea,#0a1h,msgc3;done?

ret

msgc3:movr1,a

lcallwrited;sendit

Software: incdptr

djnzr0,msgc2

clra

movca,@a+dptr;getcommand

movr1,a

lcallwritec;sendcommand

sjmpmsgc;nextcommand

;MSGDsendsthedatapointedtoby

;theDPTRtothegraphicsmodule.

msgd: clra

movca,@a+dptr;getbyte

cjnea,#0a1h,msgd1;done?

ret

msgd1: movr1,a

lcallwrited;senddata

incdptr

sjmpmsgd

;WRITECsendsthebyteinR1toa

;graphicsmoduleasacommand.

writec: lcallstatus;displayready?

setbp3.2;c/d=1

writec1:

movp1,r1;getdata

clrp3.0;strobeit

setbp3.0

ret

;WRITEDsendsthebyteinR1tothe

;graphicsmoduleasdata.

writed: lcallstatus;displayready?

clrp3.0;c/d=0

sjmpwritec1

;STATUSchecktoseethatthegraphic

;displayisready.Itwon'treturn

;untilitis.

status: setbp3.2;c/d=1

movp1,#0ffh;P1toinput

movr3,#0bh;statusbitsmask

stat1: clrp3.1;readit

mova,p1

setbp3.1

anla,r3;statusOK?

clrc

subba,r3

jnzstat1

ret

ApplicationNote

Page6

;************************************************

;TABLESANDDATA

;Initializationbytesfor240x64

msgi1: db80h,07h,40h;texthomeaddress

db1eh,00,41h;textarea

db00,00,42h;graphichomeaddress

db1eh,00,43h;graphicarea

db00,00,81h;modeset

db00,00,24h;addresspointerset

db00,00,98h;displaymodeset

db0a1h

msgi2: db00,00,0b0h;automode

db0a1h

;240x64Bitmapgraphicdata

;Onlythefirst8bytesareshownhere

;Therealgraphicconsistsof1920bytes

;ofbinarydata.

msg1: db00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h

db0a1h

end

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