Videre Design DCSG Manuale utente

DCSG

Digital Video Camera

User’s Manual

2007 Videre Design

Table of Contents

1Introduction ...........................................................................................3

1.1 Characteristics ...............................................................................3

2Quick Start.............................................................................................4

3Hardware Overview...............................................................................5

3.1 Hardware Schematic......................................................................5

3.2 Color and Monochrome.................................................................6

3.3 Frame Rates ...................................................................................6

3.4 50 Hz Option .................................................................................6

3.5 Multiple Devices............................................................................6

4Installing the 1394 Host Card and Capture Software ............................7

4.1 1394 Hardware and Drivers...........................................................7

4.1.1 MS Windows Hardware Installation .....................................7

4.1.2 Linux Hardware and Driver Installation................................7

4.2 DCSG Software .............................................................................7

5Lenses....................................................................................................9

5.1 Changing Lenses............................................................................9

5.2 Cleaning the Imagers .....................................................................9

5.3 Imager Size ....................................................................................9

5.4 F Number.......................................................................................9

5.5 Focal Length..................................................................................9

5.6 Field of View.................................................................................9

61394 Interface......................................................................................11

6.1 IEEE 1394 Cable .........................................................................11

6.2 IEEE 1394 Host Interface............................................................11

6.3 Supplying Power .........................................................................11

7User Controls.......................................................................................13

7.1 Color ............................................................................................13

7.2 Gamma Correction.......................................................................13

7.3 Video Digitization Parameters.....................................................13

7.4 Subsampling ................................................................................14

7.5 Frame Rates ................................................................................ 15

7.6 Firmware Parameters .................................................................. 15

7.6.1 50 Hz Operation.................................................................. 15

7.6.2 Vertical Offset and Image Inversion................................... 15

8Interface Software API ....................................................................... 17

9Physical Dimensions and Mounting Diagram..................................... 18

10 Technical Specifications ................................................................. 19

10.1 Specifications.............................................................................. 19

10.2 Imager Response - Color ............................................................ 19

10.3 Imager Response – Monochrome ............................................... 20

10.4 Filter Transmittance .................................................................... 20

11 Technical Support ........................................................................... 21

1 Introduction

The DCSG is a compact, low-power digital camera with an IEEE 1394

digital interface. It consists of a 640x480l, progressive scan CMOS imager

and associated IEEE 1394 electronics, mounted in a rigid, milled aluminum

alloy frame.

The CMOS imagers are MT9V032 sensors from Micron Semiconductor..

They are 1/3” format, with a resolution of 640 H by 480 V pixels, and come

in either monochrome (DCSG) or colorized (DCSG-C) versions. They

feature a global shutter, which means that all pixels are exposed at the

same instant. These imagers have excellent dynamic range, sensitivity,

anti-blooming, and noise characteristics. They are fully controllable via the

1394 interface: the user can set exposure, gain, decimation, etc. They have

better noise, sensitivity, and crosstalk characteristics than the previous

sensors.

The DCSG/C uses standard C/CS-mount lenses for user-changeable optics.

Wide-angle to telephoto options are available, depending on the

application.

There are software drivers for the DCSG for MS Windows 2000/XP, and

for Linux 2.4 and 2.6 kernels. These drivers are included in a Software

Developer’s Kit, which is bundled with the devices. Using the libraries in

the kit, you can quickly integrate DCSG video acquisition into your own

applications, written in C or C++.

1.1 Characteristics

•Micron MT9V032 Sensor

640 x 480 maximum image size

High sensitivity, low noise

Low pixel cross-talk

Global shutter

•Fully synchronized – video stream is synchronized to the

IEEE 1394 bus clock. Any other DCSG on the bus will

capture images at exactly the same time.

•Monochrome or Bayer Color

•High frame rates – 60 Hz for 640x480

•Electronic zoom mode – center 640x480 subwindow

•Extensive control of video parameters

Automatic or manual control of exposure and gain

Automatic control of black level

Manual control of color balance

•50 Hz mode – reduces indoor light interference in

countries with 50 Hz electrical line frequency

•IEEE 1394 interface to standard PC hardware – carries

power and commands to device, data to PC

•Standard C/CS mount lenses, interchangeable – focal

lengths from 3.5 mm to 50 mm

•Anodized aluminum alloy chassis, high rigidity

2 Quick Start

The DCSG comes assembled, with 6.0 mm lenses as standard. To set up

and test the DCSG, you will need the following:

1. Host computer with a 1394 PCI or PCMCIA card, OHCI

compliant.

2. 1394 6-pin to 6-pin cable.

3. DCAM software installed on the host computer. This software is

provided via download from the web, using a password-protected

web page.

Install the 1394 host card, if necessary, according to the directions in

Section Error! Reference source not found.. Install the DCAM software.

The DCSG has a single IEEE 1394 port, for plugging in an IEEE 1394

cable. Plug one end of a 6 pin – 6 pin IEEE 1394 cable into the port, and

the other end into any port of the host card. See Section 6 for more

information about the IEEE 1394 interface, and for information about

supplying power with a laptop.

Start the video capture program, dcam640(.exe), on the host computer.

You should see a screen as in Figure 2-1. The message window should

indicate that there is a DCSG present. If not, go back to software

installation (Section Error! Reference source not found.), and follow the

instructions for configuring the correct capture library.

Pull down the Input chooser, and select the Video option. If everything

has been set up, the driver software will recognize and configure the

DCSG, and a success message will appear in the info text window. If not,

the Input chooser will go back to None, and an error message will appear

in the info window. Please see Section 7 for troubleshooting.

To view video, press the Continuous button. An image should appear in

the application window. If the message “Image timed out” appears, then

there is a problem with the IEEE 1394 drivers; please see Section 7. After a

few seconds, the images, which are initially dark, should lighten as the auto

exposure mode adjusts to ambient lighting (Section 7.3). Images can be

saved using the File menu.

A more complete description of the video capture program is in Section 7.

The DCAM programs are described in the documentation that comes with

that software. It is helpful to review Section 7 in conjunction with the

DCSG software documentation.

Figure 2-1 Video capture program window.

3 Hardware Overview

Figure 3-1 shows the hardware configuration of the DCSG.

The imager module has a lens holder for a C/CS mount lens. There is an IR

curoff filter, with a knee at approximately 700 nm, permanently mounted

inside the lens holder. See Section 5 for appropriate lens characteristics.

There is a IEEE 1394 port on the left side of the device. The IEEE 1394

cable carries the data and signals.

Typically, the cable is plugged into the host computer IEEE 1394 card.

Power for the DCSG is supplied from the card, or through a separate power

supply that plugs into an IEEE 1394 hub or PC Card (7-16 VDC at > 1W).

There are no user-settable switches on the DCSG.

3.1 Hardware Schematic

Figure 3-2 shows the design of the internal hardware of the DCSG. In the

imager module, a Micron MT9M001 imager of size 1280x1024 pixels

digitizes incoming light into a digital stream. The imager operates in

progressive mode only, that is, each line is output in succession from the

full frame.

The video stream has a maximum rate of 400 Mbps; the whole IEEE 1394

bus runs at 400 Mbps. Two or more DCSGs may operate simultaneously

and send video, depending on the resolution and frame rate.

Figure 3-1. Physical layout of the DCSG video camera.

Imager

1394

Interface

Electronics

8, 12, or 16

bit pixels

12 MHz max

1394 Digital

Cable

1394

imaging

commands

Digital

Video

Stream

1394

commands

DCAM

Digital

Camera

Figure 3-2 Schematic of the DCSG electronics.

C/CS mount

for lens

IEEE 1394

ort on

ack o

device

3.2 Color and Monochrome

The imager is either monochrome (DCSG) or color Bayer pattern (DCSG-

C). Output is 1 byte/pixel for either device. The Bayer pattern is converted

into color information on the host computer, via routines in the DCAM

software.

3.3 Frame Rates

The IEEE 1394 interface on the DCSG supports a maximum rate of 400

Mbps from the imager. Frame rates up to 60 Hz at 640x480 are supported.

See Table 3-1 below for a complete list of frame rates.

3.4 50 Hz Option

Indoor lighting, especially from fluorescent fixtures, can oscillate at the

frequency of the electrical supply. If the image frame rate does not divide

evenly into this frequency, there can be moving horizontal bands of

alternating light and dark moving in the output.

For countries with 60 Hz power such as the United State, the standard

frame rates are ideal. In many other countries, the electrical line frequency

is 50 Hz. For these countries, there is a mode to change the frame rates of

the DCSG to sub-multiples of 50 Hz. These frame rates are shown in the

last column of Table 3-1

3.5 Multiple Devices

Multiple DCSG devices can be attached to the same IEEE 1394 bus. When

streaming video at the same frame rate, they are synchronized, so that they

capture images at the same time.

Each IEEE 1394 PC Card or PCI Card defines a separate IEEE 1394 bus.

The two or three ports on the card all belong to the same bus, as does any

IEEE 1394 hub connected to these ports. Separate PC Cards and PCI Cards

cannot be connected to each other.

The number of devices that can simultaneously send video is determined by

the maximum bandwidth of the bus for isochronous transfers: 32 MB/s.

This rate cannot be exceeded by the combined video streams on the bus.

Table 2 shows the bandwidth requirements for the DCSG in various modes

and for various frame rates. Using this table, it is possible to determine the

maximum number devices that can stream video simultaneously. For

example, at 15 Hz and 640x480 resolution, a maximum of 6 DCSG devices

can send video information at the same time.

The bus bandwidth consumed by a device is more than would be expected

from just counting the number of bytes in each frame, because there are

blank cycles on the bus, when no data is being transmitted, even though the

bandwidth is reserved. Thus, it makes no difference whether the rate is 30

Hz or 25 Hz, the bus bandwidth consumed is the same.

Frame Size Frame rate,

standard

Frame rate,

50 Hz option

60 Hz 50 Hz

30 Hz 25 Hz

15 Hz 12.5 Hz

640x480

7.5 Hz 6.25 Hz

Table 3-1 Supported frame rates for the

DCSG, 400 Mbps IEEE 1394 bus.

Frame

size

Bus MB per

frame -

stereo

60 / 50

30 / 25

15 / 12.5

7.5 / 6.25

640x480 0.342 MB 20.5 MB 10.2 MB 5.12 MB 2.6 MB

Table 2 Bus bandwidth requirements at different frame rates.

4 Installing the 1394 Host Card and Capture

Software

The DCSG/-C connects to a host computer via a digital 1394 interface. The

host PC must have a 1394 port, and software to interface to the video

stream from the camera. This interface software presents the video stream

from the 1394 hardware as a set of video frames to the user program (see

Error! Reference source not found.). The DCSG/-C comes with interface

software for either MS Windows 98SE/ME/2000/XP or Linux 2.4/2.6

kernels.

4.1 1394 Hardware and Drivers

Before installing the software interface, the PC must be equipped with an

IEEE 1394 port. If one is already present, a built-in port, then you can skip

this section. Otherwise you have to install a PCI or PCMCIA card. The

card must be OHCI compliant, which all current cards are.

4.1.1 MS Windows Hardware Installation

For the most up-to-date information about installation, please see the Videre

Design website (www.videredesign.com/support_dcammsw.htm).

MS Windows 98SE, ME, 2000, or XP is required.

For a PCI card, insert the card into a free PCI slot with the computer power

off, and start the computer. With a PCMCIA card, insert it into the

PCMCIA slot. In either case, the New Hardware wizard will walk you

through installation steps for the low-level drivers. You may need your MS

Windows OS CD to install some files.

The DCSG must be powered from the IEEE 1394 bus. Desktop PCs supply

power to the bus; laptops do not. See Section 6 for information about

cabling and power for the IEEE 1394 bus.

4.1.2 Linux Hardware and Driver Installation

Linux kernels 2.4 or 2.6 kernels are required for operation. Please see the

Videre Design website (www.videredesign.com/support_dcamlnx.htm) for

current information. GCC 3.x is recommended as the compiler; there is a

separate DCAM distribution for GCC 2.95.x, but it is not as reliable.

4.2 DCSG Software

The DCSG/-C comes with the DCAM capture software, and several sample

applications, including the GUI application described in this manual.

For the most up-to-date information about installation, please see the Videre

Design website (www.videredesign.com/support.htm). The DCAM Digital

Camera Capture Software Manual, available from the website, is the best

source of information on the capture software and API.

To install the software under MS Windows, execute the file

dcamXXX.exe. If you have installed a previous version of DCAM, the

installation wizard will ask you if you want to un-install the old version. It

is best to uninstall the old version, then start the installation file again and

install the new one.

The installation process will add the relevant interface and application

software.

To install the software under Linux, untar the file dcamXXX.tgz in a new

directory, which will become the top-level directory of the software. You

should also add bin/ to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable.

1394

Hardware

Low-level

1394

driver

STH-MD1

interface

software

1394

video

stream

user

rogram

Figure 4-1 Host PC low-level software structure.

libdcap.so and dCamera.lib/dll are the capture libraries for

Linux and MS Windows, respectively.

There are several sample applications – see the DCAM Digital Camera

Capture Software User’s Manual for more information.

5 Lenses

The DCSG uses standard C/CS mount lenses.

Lenses are characterized optically by imager size, F number, and focal

length. Following subsections discuss the choice of these values.

5.1 Changing Lenses

To insert a lens, place it back end on the lens holder opening as straight as

possible, and gently turn it clockwise (looking down at the lens) until it

engages the threads of the lens holder. If you encounter a lot of resistance,

you may be cross-threading the lens. Forcing it on will damage the plastic

lens holder threads.

Once the threads are engaged, continue screwing it on until it snugs down

on the lens holder.

Removing the lens is the reverse process: unscrew the lens counter-

clockwise.

Normal care should be used in taking care of the lenses, as with lenses for

any good-quality camera.

5.2 Cleaning the Imagers

It should not be necessary to clean the imagers, since they are sealed off by

an IR filter inside the lens mount.

If dirt and dust are present on the IR filter surface, they can be cleaned in

the same manner as a lens. Wet a non-abrasive optic cleaning tissue with a

small amount of methyl alcohol or similar lens-cleaning solvent, and wipe

the imager glass surface gently. Dry with a similar tissue.

5.3 Imager Size

The imager size is the largest size of imager that can be covered by the lens.

For the DCSG, the lens must be for an imager 1/2” or larger.

5.4 F Number

The F number is a measure of the light-gathering ability of a lens. The

lower the F number, the better it is at pulling in light, and the better the

DCSG will see in low-illumination settings. For indoor work, an F number

of 1.8 is acceptable, and 1.4 is even better. For outdoors, higher F numbers

are fine. C/CS mount lenses typically have adjustable iris and focus rings.

5.5 Focal Length

The focal length is the distance from the lens virtual viewpoint to the

imager. It defines how large an angle the imager views through the lens.

The focal length is a primary determinant of the performance of a camera

system. It affects two important aspects of the system: how wide a field of

view the system can see, and how good the resolution of the scene is.

Unfortunately there’s a tradeoff here. A wide-angle lens (short focal

length) gives a great field of view, but causes a drop in resolution. A

telephoto lens (long focal length) can only see a small field of view, but

gives better resolution. So the choice of lens focal length usually involves a

compromise. In typical situations, one usually chooses the focal length

based on the narrowest field of view acceptable for an application, and then

takes whatever resolution comes with it.

5.6 Field of View

The field of view is completely determined by the focal length, given a

fixed imager. The formulas for the FOV in horizontal and vertical

directions are:

)/328.3arctan(2 fHFOV =

)/496.2arctan(2 fVFOV =

where fis in millimeters. For example, a 6.0 mm lens yields a horizontal

FOV of 58 degrees. The following table shows the FOV for some standard

focal lengths.

Lens focal length Horizontal FOV Vertical FOV

2.8 mm 68 deg 59 deg

4.0 51 42

8.0 27 23

Table 5-1 Horizontal and vertical field of view for

different lens focal lengths.

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