Acopia Adaptive Resource Switch Manuale operativo

Acopia Networks®, Inc.

41 Wellman Street

Lowell, MA 01851

(978) 513-2900 tel

(978) 513-2990 fax

CLI Maintenance Guide

Part Number: 810-0045-00, Revision F

CLI Maintenance Guide

Revision History

September 2006 - Rev A

October 2006 - Rev B, updates for Software Release 2.4.2

March 2007 - Rev C, updates for Software Release 2.5.0

May 2007 - Rev D, updates for Software Release 2.5.1

February 2008 - Rev F, minor updates for Software Release 2.7.1

The information in this document is proprietary to Acopia Networks®, Inc. Any unauthorized reproduction,

distribution, or use of this material is strictly prohibited.

Acopia Networks®, Inc. assumes no responsibilities for any inaccuracies that may appear within this

document. In no event will Acopia Networks be liable for direct, indirect, special, exemplary, incidental, or

consequential damages resulting from any defect or omission within this document.

Acopia Networks®, Inc. reserves the right to alter the contents of this document at any time, and without any

notice.

The terms and conditions for using the products are described in the license agreement that either shipped with

the products, was contained in the acknowledgement to your purchase order, or was otherwise provided to you.

If you have any questions about the license terms, please contact your Acopia Networks representative. By

using the products you indicate that you understand and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of the

license agreement.

The ARX’s Licensed Software includes object code versions of third party software packages. These software

packages are subject to the terms and conditions of the license agreements found at http://www.apache.org/

licenses/LICENSE-2.0; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html; http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html; ftp://

ftp.isc.org/isc/inn/inn-2.4.1.tar.gz (the license file is inn-2.4.1/LICENSE).

FreedomFabric™ is a trademark and ARX® is a registered trademark of Acopia Networks, Inc. All other

brands, products, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of the companies with which they are

associated.

CLI Maintenance Guide 2-iii

Contents

Chapter 1

Introduction

The ARX ...................................................................................................................1-1

Back-end Storage and Servers ...........................................................................1-2

Front-end Services .............................................................................................1-2

Policy .................................................................................................................1-2

Resilient Overlay Network (RON) ....................................................................1-3

Audience for this Manual..........................................................................................1-3

Using this Manual .....................................................................................................1-3

Document Conventions .............................................................................................1-4

CLI Overview............................................................................................................1-5

Exec Mode .........................................................................................................1-5

Global Commands ......................................................................................1-5

Priv-exec Mode ..................................................................................................1-5

Cfg Mode ....................................................................................................1-5

Gbl Mode ....................................................................................................1-6

Exiting a Mode...................................................................................................1-6

Prompts ..............................................................................................................1-6

The no Convention.............................................................................................1-7

The enable/no enable Convention......................................................................1-7

Getting Started...........................................................................................................1-8

Entering Cfg or Gbl Mode .................................................................................1-8

Sample Network........................................................................................................1-9

Contacting Customer Service..................................................................................1-12

Chapter 2

Backing Up a Volume’s Files

Mapping Client Requests to Back-End Paths ...........................................................2-2

Configuring a Source Server for the Restore ............................................................2-4

Restoring Files...........................................................................................................2-5

2-iv CLI Maintenance Guide

Running the Restore from a Remote Host......................................................... 2-8

Showing all Restore Operations ............................................................................. 2-10

Focusing on a Single Namespace, Volume, or Path ........................................ 2-12

Clearing Restore Operations from the Output................................................. 2-13

Canceling a Restore Operation ............................................................................... 2-14

Chapter 3

Backing Up the Running Configuration

Setting a Default FTP User....................................................................................... 3-1

Saving the Local Running Config ............................................................................ 3-2

Saving the Config Off to an FTP Server ........................................................... 3-3

Saving the Config Off to an SCP Server ........................................................... 3-4

Sending the Config to an E-Mail Recipient ...................................................... 3-4

Showing the Local Config................................................................................. 3-5

Saving the Global Config ......................................................................................... 3-6

Saving the Config Off to an FTP Server ........................................................... 3-7

Saving the Config Off to an SCP Server ........................................................... 3-8

Sending the Config to an E-Mail Recipient ...................................................... 3-8

Showing the Global Config............................................................................... 3-9

Focusing On Specific Configuration Sections ......................................... 3-11

Focusing On Named Configurations........................................................ 3-14

Saving Both Configs............................................................................................... 3-16

Saving the Config Off to an FTP Server ......................................................... 3-17

Saving the Config Off to an SCP Server ......................................................... 3-17

Sending the Config to an E-Mail Recipient .................................................... 3-18

Prepared for Disaster Recovery.............................................................................. 3-18

Restoring the Configuration ................................................................................... 3-19

Erasing the Current Configuration .................................................................. 3-19

Restoring the Local and Global Configs ......................................................... 3-20

Restoring Configs to a Redundant Pair ........................................................... 3-21

Restoring to One Peer .............................................................................. 3-23

CLI Maintenance Guide 2-v

Chapter 4

Upgrading Software

Before You Begin......................................................................................................4-1

Clearing Space for a New Release File.....................................................................4-2

Showing the Software Versions .........................................................................4-3

Deleting a Release File ......................................................................................4-4

Copying a Release File to the Switch........................................................................4-5

Downloading from an SCP Server.....................................................................4-6

Showing the Version of a Release File...............................................................4-7

Validating the Release File .........................................................................4-7

Arming the Switch with the Release File..................................................................4-8

Rebooting the Switch ................................................................................................4-8

Verifying the Installation....................................................................................4-9

Upgrading a Redundant Pair ...................................................................................4-10

Verifying the Active Switch’s Ability to Take Control....................................4-10

Checking the Health of the Backup Switch .....................................................4-12

Backing Up the Running-Config (Backup Switch Only) ................................4-13

Upgrading the Backup Switch .........................................................................4-13

Sanity Check ....................................................................................................4-14

Checking the Health of the Active Switch.......................................................4-15

Failing Over to the Upgraded Switch ..............................................................4-15

Success Path.....................................................................................................4-15

Failure Path ......................................................................................................4-15

Restoring the Old Configuration...............................................................4-17

Chapter 5

Metadata Utilities: nsck and sync

Showing the Progress of nsck and sync Jobs ............................................................5-2

Showing the nsck/sync Jobs for One Namespace..............................................5-3

Showing One nsck/sync Job ..............................................................................5-3

Showing all nsck/sync Jobs................................................................................5-4

Showing all nsck/sync Reports ..........................................................................5-5

Showing the Status of One Report..............................................................5-6

Showing Metadata.....................................................................................................5-7

2-vi CLI Maintenance Guide

Focusing on One Share.................................................................................... 5-10

Sending the Output to a Different File ............................................................ 5-11

Warning Signs for Metadata Inconsistencies.......................................................... 5-11

Finding Metadata Inconsistencies........................................................................... 5-12

Focusing on Multi-Protocol Issues.................................................................. 5-16

Synchronizing Metadata with Actual Files............................................................. 5-19

Synchronizing with Actual Directories ........................................................... 5-22

Synchronizing Metadata in a Single Share...................................................... 5-24

Showing the Progress of All Sync Operations ................................................ 5-25

Focusing on a Single Namespace, Volume, or Path ................................. 5-26

Clearing Sync Operations from the Output.............................................. 5-28

Canceling a Sync Operation ............................................................................ 5-29

Adding and Synchronizing Filer Subshares (CIFS) ............................................... 5-30

Rebuilding a Namespace ........................................................................................ 5-34

Rebuilding a Volume ....................................................................................... 5-35

Forcing the Rebuild ......................................................................................... 5-36

Resetting Directory Masters ............................................................................ 5-36

De-Staging a Namespace’s Managed Volumes ...................................................... 5-39

De-Staging a Volume....................................................................................... 5-40

Forcing the De-Stage....................................................................................... 5-41

Re-Enabling the Shares ................................................................................... 5-42

Migrating Metadata to a New Back-End Share...................................................... 5-43

Canceling a Metadata Migration ..................................................................... 5-45

Clearing All nsck Jobs............................................................................................ 5-45

Clearing One nsck Job..................................................................................... 5-46

Truncating a Report ......................................................................................... 5-47

Chapter 6

Troubleshooting Tools

Showing all Active Alarms....................................................................................... 6-1

Accessing the Syslog ................................................................................................ 6-2

Tailing the Syslog .............................................................................................. 6-4

Showing the End of the Syslog .................................................................. 6-5

Log Components ............................................................................................... 6-6

Syslog Syntax .................................................................................................. 6-16

CLI Maintenance Guide 2-vii

Reading IDs for Namespaces, Volumes, and Shares........................................6-17

Paging Through the Syslog (show logs) ..........................................................6-18

Searching Through the Syslog .........................................................................6-20

Filtering Messages Out .............................................................................6-21

Searching the End of the Syslog ...............................................................6-22

Showing the Documentation for a Syslog Message.........................................6-24

Copying the Syslog File to an FTP Server.......................................................6-25

Copying the Syslog File through SCP ......................................................6-26

Sending the Syslog File to an E-Mail Recipient.......................................6-26

Adjusting Logging Levels................................................................................6-27

Disabling Log Messages...........................................................................6-28

Showing All Log Components and Levels ...............................................6-29

Focusing on One Logging Level .......................................................6-30

Reverting Back to the Default Logging Level..........................................6-30

Sending Logs to an External Server........................................................................6-31

Removing a Logging Destination ....................................................................6-31

Sending Log Messages from a VLAN Interface (optional).............................6-32

Using the Out-of-Band Management Interface ........................................6-32

Showing all Logging Destinations...................................................................6-33

Listing Current System Tasks .................................................................................6-33

Showing Tasks from One Processor ................................................................6-36

Collecting Diagnostic Information..........................................................................6-37

Sending the Information Securely, through SCP .............................................6-38

Sending the Information in an E-Mail Message ..............................................6-39

Collecting the Information Locally..................................................................6-40

Showing the Diag-Info File ......................................................................6-40

Running the Collection Asynchronously .........................................................6-41

Collecting Partial Information .........................................................................6-42

Collecting Logs within a Time Frame .............................................................6-43

Running Show Commands from a Remote Host ....................................................6-44

Using Quotes within the Show Command.......................................................6-46

Chapter 7

Troubleshooting Network Connections

Pinging an IP Address ...............................................................................................7-1

Limiting the Ping Count.....................................................................................7-2

2-viii CLI Maintenance Guide

Pinging from a Particular Processor .................................................................. 7-3

Sending an Alternate Source IP......................................................................... 7-5

Pinging the OOB Management Network ................................................... 7-6

Using Traceroute....................................................................................................... 7-8

Testing Throughput with TTCP................................................................................ 7-8

Cancelling a TTCP Transmission...................................................................... 7-9

Testing a RON Tunnel....................................................................................... 7-9

Tracing NSM Processes in the “fastpath” Log ....................................................... 7-11

NSM-Log Components ................................................................................... 7-12

Adjusting NSM Logging Levels ..................................................................... 7-14

Filtering the Log Messages ...................................................................... 7-16

Disabling Log Messages for an NSM Component................................... 7-17

Showing All NSM-Log Components and Levels .................................... 7-17

Disabling Logs from an NSM Processor......................................................... 7-18

Accessing the fastpath Log.............................................................................. 7-19

NSM-Log-Message Syntax ...................................................................... 7-20

Capturing IP Traffic in a File.................................................................................. 7-21

Changing the Size and Number of Capture Files ............................................ 7-22

Stopping the Capture ....................................................................................... 7-22

Capturing all Proxy-IP Traffic......................................................................... 7-23

Listing all Capture Files .................................................................................. 7-23

Showing the Capture ................................................................................ 7-24

Showing All Capture Sessions ................................................................. 7-25

Copying the Capture File to an FTP Server .................................................... 7-26

Copying the Capture File to an SCP Server .................................................... 7-27

Configuring Port Mirroring .................................................................................... 7-28

Using an Alternative Destination Interface ..................................................... 7-30

Showing Active Port-Mirroring Sessions........................................................ 7-30

Shutting Down Port Mirroring ........................................................................ 7-31

Shutting Down Mirroring for One Source Port........................................ 7-31

Chapter 8

Troubleshooting Managed Volumes

Showing Share Statistics........................................................................................... 8-2

Showing Share Statistics from One Namespace ............................................... 8-7

Showing Statistics from One Volume ........................................................ 8-9

CLI Maintenance Guide 2-ix

Focusing on One Share .............................................................................8-11

Showing Share Statistics from One Filer .........................................................8-12

Showing Statistics from One Filer Share..................................................8-13

Removing an Imported Share..................................................................................8-14

Removing the Empty Directory Tree ...............................................................8-15

Extra Processing in a Multi-Protocol Volume..................................................8-15

Migrating NFS-Only Directories ..............................................................8-16

Forcing Strict-Attribute Consistency.................................................8-16

Finding Reports About the Share Removal .....................................................8-17

Showing the Drain-Share Report..............................................................8-19

Showing the Remove Report ....................................................................8-20

Removing the Share Asynchronously..............................................................8-21

Removing Shares Without File Migration .......................................................8-22

Forcing the Share Removal for Offline Filers ..........................................8-23

Canceling a Share Removal .............................................................................8-24

Correcting Share-Import Errors ..............................................................................8-25

Restarting the Import .......................................................................................8-45

Removing the Share from the Volume .............................................................8-46

Retaining Both Directories and Files in the Volume ................................8-46

Retaining Imported Directories (Not Files) in the Volume.......................8-48

Retaining Nothing from the Share ............................................................8-49

Reinstating the Share ................................................................................8-49

Reimporting the Entire Volume .......................................................................8-50

Removing a Full Namespace Service......................................................................8-51

Managing Namespace Collisions ............................................................................8-53

Finding the Renamed Files ..............................................................................8-54

Correcting the Collisions ..........................................................................8-56

Finding Collisions with CIFS ‘8.3’ Names.............................................................8-57

The ‘8.3’-FGN Pattern .....................................................................................8-58

Best Practice: Avoid Primary Names that Match this Pattern ..................8-58

Identifying All ‘8.3’ Collisions........................................................................8-59

Correcting the Collisions ..........................................................................8-60

Finding NFS-Only Entries in a Multi-Protocol Volume .........................................8-61

Best Practice: Avoid NFS-Only Entries Where Practical ................................8-61

Performance Issues ...................................................................................8-61

Identifying All NFS-Only Entries....................................................................8-62

Case-Blind Collisions (CC) ......................................................................8-65

Names with Characters that are Illegal in CIFS (IC)................................8-65

2-x CLI Maintenance Guide

Client View: Acopia-Generated Names............................................ 8-66

Names That Resemble FGNs (FN) .......................................................... 8-66

Unicode Characters in CIFS Names: Non-Mappable in NFS (NM)........ 8-67

Non-Mappable File Names ............................................................... 8-68

Non-Mappable Directory Names ...................................................... 8-68

Split Directories (SP) ............................................................................... 8-69

“Marked” Directories ............................................................................... 8-69

Preventative Striping......................................................................... 8-70

Correcting NFS-Only Entries .......................................................................... 8-70

Recursively Correcting Split Directories ................................................. 8-71

Running Periodic Checks for NFS-Only Entries............................................. 8-71

Finding a File’s Physical Location ......................................................................... 8-72

Showing the NFS Filehandles ......................................................................... 8-73

Finding the File with a Global-Server Name .................................................. 8-74

Finding the File with a WINS Name............................................................... 8-75

Finding the File from a Namespace Perspective ............................................. 8-76

Showing Policy History for a Volume .................................................................... 8-77

Showing Detailed Status for a Particular Rule ................................................ 8-78

Showing Any or All Pending Migrations........................................................ 8-79

Chapter 9

Troubleshooting CIFS Services

Showing Client-Connection Statistics ...................................................................... 9-1

Showing Statistics from One NSM Processor................................................... 9-3

Showing Client Sessions .......................................................................................... 9-4

Showing Client Sessions at One NSM Processor.............................................. 9-5

Getting Details on a Single Client..................................................................... 9-6

Dropping a CIFS Client ............................................................................................ 9-8

Listing Open Files in a CIFS Service ....................................................................... 9-9

Focusing on One NSM Processor.................................................................... 9-10

Closing an Open File .............................................................................................. 9-12

Listing Kerberos Tickets Granted to Clients .......................................................... 9-14

Listing Tickets Granted to a Particular Principal ............................................ 9-15

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