Agilent Technologies E8267C Istruzioni operative

Programming Guide

Agilent Technologies

PSG Signal Generators

This guide applies to the following signal generator models:

E8267C PSG Vector Signal Generator

E8257C PSG Analog Signal Generator

E8247C PSG CW Signal Generator

Due to our continuing efforts to improve our products through firmware and hardware revisions, signal

generator design and operation may vary from descriptions in this guide. We recommend that you use the

latest revision of this guide to ensure you have up-to-date product information. Compare the print date of this

guide (see bottom of page) with the latest revision, which can be downloaded from the following website:

www.agilent.com/find/psg

Manufacturing Part Number: E8251-90255

Printed in USA

December 2003

Notice

The material contained in this document is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice,

in future editions.

Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Agilent disclaims all warranties, either express

or implied with regard to this manual and to any of the Agilent products to which it pertains, including but

not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent shall not

be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or

performance of this document or any of the Agilent products to which it pertains. Should Agilent have a

written contract with the User and should any of the contract terms conflict with these terms, the contract

terms shall control.

Questions or Comments about our Documentation?

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at [email protected].

Contents

iii

1. Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Introduction to Remote Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

IO Libraries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Programming Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Using GPIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

1. Installing the GPIB Interface Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

2. Selecting IO Libraries for GPIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

3. Setting Up the GPIB Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

4. Verifying GPIB Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

GPIB Interface Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

GPIB Function Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Using LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

1. Selecting IO Libraries for LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

2. Setting Up the LAN Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

3. Verifying LAN Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Using VXI-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Using Sockets LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Using TELNET LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Using FTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Using RS-232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

1. Selecting IO Libraries for RS-232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

2. Setting Up the RS-232 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

3. Verifying RS-232 Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Character Format Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

If You Have Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Error Message File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Error Message Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

2. Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Using the Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Programming Examples Development Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Running C/C++ Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

GPIB Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Before Using the Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Interface Check using Agilent BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Interface Check Using NI-488.2 and C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Contents

Interface Check using VISA and C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Local Lockout Using Agilent BASIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Local Lockout Using NI-488.2 and C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Queries Using Agilent BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Queries Using NI-488.2 and C++. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Queries Using VISA and C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Generating a CW Signal Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Generating an Externally Applied AC-Coupled FM Signal Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Generating an Internal AC-Coupled FM Signal Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Generating a Step-Swept Signal Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Saving and Recalling States Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Reading the Data Questionable Status Register Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Reading the Service Request Interrupt (SRQ) Using VISA and C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Using 8757D Pass-Thru Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

LAN Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Before Using the Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

VXI-11 Programing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Sockets LAN Programming using C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Sockets LAN Programming Using PERL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Sockets LAN Programming Using Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

RS-232 Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Before Using the Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Interface Check Using Agilent BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Interface Check Using VISA and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107

Queries Using Agilent BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Queries Using VISA and C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

3. Programming the Status Register System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Status Register Bit Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Accessing Status Register Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

Determining What to Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

Deciding How to Monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Status Register SCPI Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121

Status Byte Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Status Byte Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Service Request Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Status Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

Contents

Standard Event Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127

Standard Operation Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

Baseband Operation Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

Data Questionable Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

Data Questionable Power Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

Data Questionable Frequency Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

Data Questionable Modulation Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

Data Questionable Calibration Status Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

4. Downloading and Using Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

Types of Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

Downloading ARB Waveform Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

Data Requirements and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

Downloading Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155

Loading and Playing a Downloaded Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170

Troubleshooting ARB Waveform Data Download Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171

Understanding ARB Waveform File Composition and Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172

Downloading waveform data to the PSG for extraction as an encrypted waveform file . . . . . . .172

Extracting waveform files from the PSG for use in other PSGs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173

Downloading encrypted waveform files to the PSG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173

Downloading User File Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Data Requirements and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175

Bit and Binary Directories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176

Selecting Downloaded User Files as the Transmitted Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

Troubleshooting User File Download Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

Downloading FIR Filter Coefficients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179

Data Requirements and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179

Downloading FIR Filter Coefficients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180

Selecting a Downloaded User FIR Filter as the Active Filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Troubleshooting FIR Filter Coefficient File Download Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Downloading Directly into Pattern RAM (PRAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Preliminary Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Data Requirements and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183

Downloading in List Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

Downloading in Block Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

Modulating and Activating the Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Viewing a PRAM Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Troubleshooting Direct PRAM Download Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Contents

1Getting Started

This chapter provides the following major sections:

•“Introduction to Remote Operation” on page 2

•“Using GPIB” on page 4

•“Using LAN” on page 12

•“Using RS-232” on page 22

•“Error Messages” on page 25

2Chapter 1

Getting Started

Introduction to Remote Operation

PSG signal generators support the following interfaces:

• General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB)

• Local Area Network (LAN)

• ANSI/EIA232 (RS-232) serial connection

Each of these interfaces, in combination with an IO library and programming language, can be used to

remotely control the signal generator. Figure 1-1 uses the GPIB as an example of the relationships between

the interface, IO libraries, programming language, and signal generator.

Figure 1-1 Software/Hardware Layers

Chapter 1 3

Getting Started

Introduction to Remote Operation

Interfaces

GPIB GPIB is used extensively when a dedicated computer is available for remote control of

each instrument or system. Data transfer is fast because the GPIB handles information

in 8-bit bytes. GPIB is physically restricted by the location and distance between the

instrument/system and the computer; cables are limited to an average length of two

meters per device with a total length of 20 meters.

LAN LAN based communication is supported by the signal generator. Data transfer is fast as

the LAN handles packets of data. The distance between a computer and the signal

generator is limited to 100 meters (10BASE-T). The following protocols can be used to

communicate with the signal generator over the LAN:

• VMEbus Extensions for Instrumentation (VXI) as defined in VXI-11

•SocketsLAN

• Telephone Network (TELNET)

• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

RS-232 RS-232 is a common method used to communicate with a single instrument; its primary

use is to control printers and external disk drives, and connect to a modem.

Communication over RS-232 is much slower than with GPIB or LAN because data is

sent and received one bit at a time. It also requires that certain parameters, such as baud

rate, be matched on both the computer and signal generator.

IO Libraries

An IO library is a collection of functions used by a programming language to send instrument commands.

An IO library must be installed on your computer before writing any programs to control the signal

generator.

NOTE Agilent IO libraries support the VXI-11 standard.

4Chapter 1

Getting Started

Using GPIB

Programming Language

The programming language is used along with Standard Commands for Programming Instructions (SCPI)

and IO library functions to remotely control the signal generator. Common programming languages include:

Using GPIB

The GPIB allows instruments to be connected together and controlled by a computer. The GPIB and its

associated interface operations are defined in the ANSI/IEEE Standard 488.1-1987 and ANSI/IEEE

Standard 488.2-1992. See the IEEE website, www.ieee.org, for details on these standards.

1. Installing the GPIB Interface Card

A GPIB interface card must be installed in your computer. Two common GPIB interface cards are the

National Instruments (NI) PCI–GPIB and the Agilent GPIB interface cards. Follow the GPIB interface card

instructions for installing and configuring the card in your computer. The following tables provide

information on interface cards.

•C/C++

• Agilent BASIC

• LabView

•Java

Java is a U.S. trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Table 1-1 Agilent GPIB Interface Card for PC-Based Systems

Interface

Card Operating

System IO Library Languages Backplane/B

US Max IO

(kB/sec) Buffering

Agilent

82341C for

ISA bus

computers

Windows

95/98/NT/

2000®

VISA /

SICL C/C++, Visual

Basic, Agilent

VEE, Agilent

Basic for

Windows

ISA/EISA,

16 bit 750 Built-in

Agilent

82341D

Plug&Play

for PC

Windows

95 VISA /

SICL C/C++, Visual

Basic, Agilent

VEE, Agilent

Basic for

Windows

ISA/EISA,

16 bit 750 Built-in

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