Arbiter Systems 918B Manuale utente
Model 918B
Phase Angle Multimeter
Operation Manual
Arbiter Systems, Inc.
Paso Robles, California
U.S.A.
Printed in U.S.A.
ii
This manual is issued for reference only at the convenience of
Arbiter Systems. Arbiter Systems has made reasonable effort
to verify that all diagrams, to the best of our knowledge, are
accurate as of September 5, 2001. However, due to
production changes and availability of parts, these diagrams
are subject to revisions and modifications. Check with Arbiter
Systems at the address below for any revisions made since
this publish date. Arbiter Systems, Inc.
1324 Vendels Circle
Suite 121
Paso Robles, CA 93446
(805) 237-3831
www.arbiter.com
iii
Model 918B
PHASE ANGLE MULTIMETER
Operation Manual
Arbiter Systems, Inc. 2001.
All rights reserved. International copyright secured.
PD0010600C
v
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.................................................................v
1.0 Introduction.....................................................................1
1.1 Features........................................................................................1
1.2 Accessories Included...................................................................3
1.3 Accessories Available..................................................................3
1.4 International Power......................................................................3
1.5 Safety Precautions .......................................................................4
1.6 Factory Service............................................................................5
Extended Warranty............................................................................6
2.0 Operation.........................................................................9
2.1 Instrument Power.........................................................................9
2.1.1 Operation from the AC Line.....................................................9
2.1.2 Operation from the Internal Battery .......................................10
2.1.3 Battery Test.............................................................................10
2.1.4 Charging the Internal Battery .................................................10
2.1.5 Auto Power-Off......................................................................11
2.2 Power On...................................................................................11
2.2.1 Initial Configuration ...............................................................11
2.3 Measurement of DC Volts.........................................................18
2.4 Measurement of AC Volts.........................................................19
2.5 Measurement of AC Amperes...................................................20
2.6 Measurement of Volt Amps (Apparent Power).........................22
2.7 Measurement of Volt Amps Reactive (Reactive Power)...........24
2.8 Measurement of Watts (Active Power) .....................................27
2.9 Measurement of Power Factor...................................................30
2.10 Measurement of Frequency .....................................................32
vi Table of Contents
2.11 Measurement of Phase Angle.................................................. 34
3.0 Special Functions and Features..................................37
3.1 Automatic and Manual Range Selection................................... 37
3.1.1 Description of Ranges............................................................ 37
3.1.2 Automatic Range Selection.................................................... 39
3.1.3 Manual Range Selection......................................................... 39
3.2 Minimum and Maximum Value Storage................................... 41
3.3 Using Delta Phase for Phase Comparison Measurements ........ 42
3.3.1 Using Fixed Offsets in Delta Phase Mode............................. 43
3.4 Watt-Hour Measurement........................................................... 44
3.5 Making Voltage-to-Voltage Phase Angle Measurements......... 45
4.0 Specifications ...............................................................47
4.1 Measured Parameters: ............................................................... 47
Voltage (RMS and DC):.................................................................. 47
Phase................................................................................................ 48
Frequency........................................................................................ 48
4.2 Calculated Parameters............................................................... 49
4.3 General Specifications............................................................... 50
Warranty..............................................................................53
List of Figures
Figure 1 – 918B Front Panel............................................................. 7
Figure 2 – Phase Convention, Lead 0 - 360º................................... 16
Figure 3 – Current Transformer Orientation................................... 26
1
1.0 Introduction
This manual provides operating instructions and specifications for
the Arbiter Systems Model 918B Phase Angle Multimeter.
1.1 Features
The Model 918B Phase Angle Multimeter is a compact,
microprocessor-controlled instrument capable of ten functions,
which have been optimized for use in applications involving AC
power transmission and distribution.
The following parameters are measured directly by the 918B:
DC Volts: 0.2 V to 1 kV
AC rms Volts: 0.2 V to 1 kV
AC rms Amperes: 0.02 A to 20 A (0.002 A to 1000 A*)
Frequency: 45 Hz to 500 Hz
Phase Angle: 0 to 360 degrees
The following parameters are calculated, based on measured values:
Watts: Vrms×Irms×cos Θ0.004 W to 20 kW
(1000 kW*)
Volt-Amps: Vrms×Irms 0.004 VA to 20 kVA
(1000 kVA*)
VA Reactive: Vrms×Irms×cos (-Θ) 0.004 VAR to 20 kVAR
(1000kVAR*)
Power Factor: cos Θ-1.0 to +1.0, lead or lag
Watt-Hours 0 to 9999 kWH
*With optional accessories.
2 Introduction
The 918B accepts inputs via two pairs of front panel jacks; one pair
for voltage, and one pair for current (optional adapters allow
voltage-to-voltage phase measurements). The voltage connections
are made directly to the circuit under test, using leads included with
the instrument. The current input is voltage-isolated from the circuit
under test by means of a clamp-on current probe (also included),
which offers the added advantage of allowing measurement of
current without opening the circuit.
A 16-character supertwist liquid crystal display provides a clear
indication of the parameter being tested, and the value measured.
Selection of functions and ranges is accomplished via a user-friendly
front panel interface, consisting of eight pushbuttons. Auto-ranging
simplifies operation by minimizing user keystrokes, or the ranges
can be set manually.
A "Hold" function allows the user to "freeze" the values for all
parameters at the press of a button. A "Minimum/Maximum"
function permits recording of the individual minimum and
maximum values that occur for each function, within a time frame
that is controlled by the user.
A unique feature of the 918B is the "Delta Phase" mode, which
allows measurement of the phase angle between two voltages (or
currents), using any synchronous current (or voltage) as a reference.
This allows, for example, comparison of all of the phase angles in a
three-phase system, without requiring simultaneous connection to all
of the phases.
The ability to operate from either the internal nickel-cadmium
rechargeable battery, or from the ac line (with supplied plug-in
transformer) makes the unit suitable for both hand-held and
benchtop applications.
Introduction 3
1.2 Accessories Included
The following accessories are included with the 918B Phase Angle
Multimeter:
•Test probe kit, with screw-on adapters; part no. AP0002000A
•Battery charger, 120 vac/60 Hz; part no. AP0001100A (see
"International Power" below for other line voltages and
frequencies)
•1000:1 Clamp-on Current transformer, part no. 09111A
•Current transformer cable, part no. CA0014300A
•918B bail, part no. HD0033800A
•Soft carrying case, part no. HD0033600A
•Operation manual, part no. PD0010600B
1.3 Accessories Available
The following accessories are available from Arbiter Systems, for
use with the 918B Phase Angle Multimeter:
•Maintenance and Calibration Manual, part no. PD0011100A
•Auxiliary voltage adapter, 10-750 V (for direct voltage-to-
voltage phase angle measurements), Model 09184A
•Plug-in CT/adapter, 0.002-2.0 A direct input, Model 09182A.
•Plug-in CT/adapter, 0.02 - 20 A direct input, Model 09182B.
•1000 Amp Clamp-on Current Transformer, Model 09113A
(must be used with Model 09182A)
1.4 International Power
Battery chargers for international operation are currently available.
Contact Arbiter Systems for more information about these chargers.
If operation on a different line voltage becomes necessary, any
power supply capable of generating 15 volts dc at 150 mA minimum
may be used for charging. A 3.5mm (1/8") miniature phone plug, tip
4 Introduction
positive and sleeve negative, will allow such a power supply to be
used to operate and charge the 918B.
1.5 Safety Precautions
The following general safety precautions must be observed during
all phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with
these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual
violates safety standards for the design and intended use of the
instrument. Arbiter Systems, Inc. assumes no liability for the user's
failure to comply with these requirements.
Beware of Hazardous Voltages
The 918B Phase Angle Multimeter is capable of measuring voltages
up to 1000 volts. Use extreme caution when working around high
voltages. Failure to do so could result in personal injury or death.
Do Not Connect (-) Input Terminal to Voltages in Excess of ±
±±
±25
Volts From Earth Ground.
The 918B was designed for use with the (-) input connected to
ground or circuit neutral. Application of more than ±25 volts with
respect to earth ground may result in the potential for electric shock
or damage to the instrument. This precaution is of particular
importance when the charger is connected to the instrument.
Do Not Make Current Connections Directly to the 918B Current
Input.
The current inputs of the Model 918B are designed to accept only
the output of a current transformer. The transformer is necessary to
provide voltage isolation, and to convert the measured current to a
value that can be safely applied to the current inputs of the
instrument. Never connect the current to be measured directly to the
Indice
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