Auber Instruments WS-1500EB Guida per l'amministratore

Operation Instruction Manual

WS-1500EB

Precision PID Temperature Controller

Version 1.2

Auber Instruments

5755 North Point Parkway, Suite 99

Alpharetta, GA 30022

770-569-8420

www.auberins.com

Dec, 2016

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the Auber WS series temperature controller. We sincerely

appreciate your decision and trust that our machine will meet your expectations in both

the quality of the result and the value of our product. While we are delighted that you may

be anxious to operate the controller for your project, a few minutes of your time reading

through this manual will only serve to enhance your experience in the months and years

ahead. In particular, we urge you to read through the safety warnings below. Although

this plug-and-play controller is very easy to operate, the process involves high

temperature and high wattage appliances, and your safety is paramount.

SAFETY WARNINGS

This controller is designed only to be used with devices that have limited power

and their own thermal cutoff protection, such as a thermostat or thermal fuse in

case of controller failure.

Do not place any objects on the top of controller surface which is used to vent

excess heat during its operation.

The maximum electric current this controller can handle is 15 Ampere. For 120

volt AC in US and Canada, this limits the heater power to 1800 watts. Due to its

compact size and the splash proof design for kitchen applications, the controller

has a limited ability to dissipate the heat generated by the internal solid state relay

during the initial heat up. The initial full power heat up process cannot be more

than 90 minutes. If you system need take longer time to warm up, please read

Appendix 1 “Managing the heat generated by the controller”

Always place the sensor in the controlled subject when the controller is on.

Before turning on the controller, please make sure the sensor is placed inside the

container to be controlled. Leaving the sensor outside will form an open loop

operation. If the sensor is left outside, the controller will assume the temperature

is low even if the controlled subject is already very hot. The controller will provide

full power to the heater. It will not only overheat the controller, but also damage

your appliance possibly causing a fire. If the sensor is not permanently mounted

on the system and is left outside of the system, this could become a potential

problem, you should enable the open loop alarm function (see page 11 for

details).

This controller is designed to control the devices recommended by Auber

Instruments only. Using it to control a not recommended device can be dangerous

and cause fire. Auber Instruments is not liable for damages caused by misuse of

the controller. If you are not sure the controller can be used, please contactAuber

Instruments before use.

If an abnormal display or noise is observed, turn the controller off, unplug the

power cord and contact the manufacturer before using it again.

Clean the controller only when it is cool and unplugged.

Do not allow children to operate the controller.

Specifications

Input voltage: 100 to 240 VAC 50 /60 Hz

Output voltage: Same as the input.

Maximum Current: 15A at 120V, 10A at 240V

Fuse Size: 15A Fast blow.

Control Action: Heating (reversed action) or cooling (direct action)

Control Mode PID, PI, PD, P or On/off

Output switching device: Built-in optically isolated solid state relay with zero voltage

crossing switching.

Sensor type: Pt100 RTD sensor

Sensor tip dimensions: 4 mm diameter x 50 mm long.

Sensor cable length, 3 ft (915 mm)

Alarm: High limit alarm and Open loop alarm with LED and

buzzer.

Timer Range: 1 to 9999 minutes

Temperature resolution: 0.1 °C or 0.1 °F

Temperature display range: -50 to 400 °C or -58 to 752 °F

Temperature accuracy: 0.1°C or 0.2 °F for 0-85 °C (32.0 to 185.0 °F)

Dimension: 6x3x7 inch (155 x80x180 mm) W x H x D.

Weight: 2.8 lb (1.3 kg)

Warranty: 1 year for controller and sensor

Operating Instructions

1) Description of the controller.

Figure 1. Front Panel

(1) Parameter Window (LED) - For displaying temperature values and controller's

system parameters.

(2) Output status indicator - In normal mode, this LED indicates the heater status.

When it is on (lit), the heater is powered. When it is off, the heater power is off. When

it is flashing, it means the heater is on and off intermittently to reduce the power

output. It should be synchronized with the power light on the cooking device.

(3) SET Key - For showing current temperature settings, entering parameters setting

mode and confirming various actions taken.

(4) “+” Key - To increment displayed value.

(5) “-”Key - To decrement displayed value.

(6) Time Key - Change the Parameter Window between current timer and

temperature values, when pressed.

(7) Alarm indicator - Lit when the alarm is on.

(8) Timer status indicator - In normal mode, when “(8)” is on and “(9)” is flashing,

LED shows the time passed since it’s powered on.

(9) Mode indicator - the small “dot” is used to indicate what mode the controller is in.

When it is flashing and “(8)” stays on, “(1)” is the time that has elapsed since

it’s powered on.

When it is flashing “(8)” is off, the controller is in the parameter setting mode.

“(1)” is the value can be changed by using (4) and (5) key.

Figure 2. Back Panel

2) Connecting the controller

Figure 3. Typical connection between the controller and

the heating device (in this example, the cooker).

The connection of the controller should be done in the following steps.

Plug the temperature sensor to the back of the controller.

Plug the power cord to the power outlet on the wall.

Turn on the controller to make sure the controller powers up properly, and the

temperature display is in the range expected. Then, turn off the controller.

Plug the heater to the back of the controller. If the heater has a switch, put it in the

off position. Put the sensor inside the container to be controlled.

Turn on the controller.

Turn on the heating device.

Remark The connector of sensor contains a slot for correct pin connection. It also has a

spring lock to prevent disconnections from accidental pulling on the cable. The following

pictures show how to install and remove it.

Figure 4. How to install the sensor.

Figure 5. How to remove the sensor.

2) Operating the controller

3.1 Setting the temperature.

Press SET key twice. Both 1) and 2) will start to flash. The LED shows the current

temperature setting. Use “+” and “-“ keys to change the setting. When finished, press the

SET again to confirm the change.

Note: the temperature setting will not be changed if SET is not pressed (confirmed). The

display will return to the normal display mode if no key is pressed within 3 seconds.

3.2 Switching the display between temperature and time.

This is done by pressing the Time Key “6)”once. When “8)” is on (lit) and “9)” is flashing

at the same time, the LED is in timer mode and shows the actual time passed since the

controller was last powered on. When “8)” is off (not lit), the LED is in temperature mode

and shows the current sensor temperature.

3.3 Setting the timer.

Press SET key once and release it, both “1)”and “8)”will start flashing. The LED shows

the current timer setting in minute. Use the “+” and “-“ keys to change the timer setting.

When finished, press the SET again to confirm the change.

Note: the timer setting will not be changed if SET is not pressed (confirmed). The display

will return to the normal display mode if no key is pressed within 3 seconds.

Using the timer The timer can be used in two different ways.

a) Use it as timer. If you set the timer for 1200 minutes, the controller will stop sending

power to the cooker 1200 minutes after it is powered up. It will display “End” on the

window and send an audio beeping sound. Turning off the power and on again will reset

the timer.

b) Use it as a clock. Instead of using the timer function, many users just use it as a clock

to find how long the food has been cooked. To use it as a clock, set the time longer than

you need to use, or, just set the timer at 9999 minutes. During the operation, press the

“time” button once will change the display from temperature of the pot to the time that

has elapsed since powered up. Pressing the “time” button again will change the display

3.4 Tuning the controller

This controller is shipped with parameters set for commercial rice cookers. You can try to

use these settings for other cooking device also because they are suitable for a typical

slow response and balanced system. If you feel the performance is not ideal, you can try

to use the recommended PID parameters listed in Table 1. These are the parameters we

obtain from tuning the system manually. If your cooker is not listed in the Table 1 of our

pre-selected cookers, or the PID parameters we provided are not working for your liking,

you can use the auto-tuning function to let the controller to determine the PID

parameters automatically. You can also manually tune the PID parameter if you are

familiar with PID control technology. To activate the auto-tuning processes or change the

P, I and D parameters, please see the next section and Figure 7.

Table 1. Recommended PID parameters that can be used as reference point.

Symbol

Display

Commercial Rice cooker, steam table

180

700

Commercial Rice cooker, steam table

150

Home use rice cooker,

Home use rice cooker, wine fermentation. (PD

mode) Switch set at Warm position

Slow cooker, 7 quart

180

700

Slow cooker, 4 quart

Slow cooker, PD mode (low overshoot)

Bradley Smoker

600

150

Please note that the P value in table is in Fahrenheit unit. If the controller is using

Celsius unit, divide the P value by 1.8. If you switch from Fahrenheit display to

Celsius, the controller will automatically convert all the settings.

4) Controller System Configuration Parameter.

This section discusses how to configure the controller for a specific application. For most

sous vide cooking users, there is no need to read this section. The controller’s default

setting is for most common configurations of sous vide cooking.

The controller parameters are divided into two groups.

A) The first group of parameters is related to the control performance. They need to be

adjusted based on the system to be controlled. Table 2 shows the list of these

parameters, their range and initial set value.

Table 2. List of control parameters and its initial settings under code 166.

Symbol Display Description Range Initial

PPProportional band (in 0.1 Degree) 0-600 180

Integral constant (second) 0-900 700

ddDerivative constant (second) 0-300 40

AT AC Auto-tune 0=off 1=on 0

TCCycle rate (second) 1-100 2

Details about each parameter

P. Proportional band. It is in 0.1 degree units. This parameter controls the output

of the controller based on the difference between the measured and set

temperature. Larger the P number means the weaker the action (lower gain). e.g.

If P=100, the proportional band is 10 degree (100 x 0.1=10). When the sensor

temperature is 10 degrees below the proportional band (10 degrees below the

setting), the controller will have 100% output. When the temperature is 5 degrees

below the set point, the output is 50%. When the temperature is equal to the

setting, the controller will have 0% output (assuming integral and derivative

functions are turned off). This constant also affects both integral and derivative

action. Smaller P values will make the both integral and derivative action stronger.

Please note the value of the P is temperature unit sensitive. If an optimized P

value was found when operating the controller in Celsius, it needs to be multiplied

by 1.8 when changed to Fahrenheit.

On/off mode. If P is set to 0, the control mode will be changed from PID mode to

On/off mode. On/off mode should be used for controlling an external relay, a

solenoid valve, or a compressor of freezer. You also need to set the hysteresis

band (dead band) for the on/off mode. In the on/off mode, Integral and Derivative

parameters are not valid.

I. Integral time. The unit is in seconds. This parameter controls the output of the

controller based on the difference between the measured and set temperature

integrated with time. Integral action is used to eliminate temperature offset. Larger

numbers mean slower action. e.g. assuming the difference between the

measured and set temperature is 2 degree and remain unchanged, the output will

increase continuously with time until it reaches 100%. When temperature

fluctuates regularly (system oscillating), increase the integral time. Decrease it if

the controller is taking too long to eliminate the temperature offset. When I=0, the

system becomes a PD controller. For very slow response systems such as those

with slow cookers and large commercial rice cookers, setting I = 0 will significantly

reduce the temperature overshoot.

d. Derivative time. The unit is in seconds. Derivative action contributes the output

power based on the rate of temperature change. Derivative action can be used to

minimize the temperature overshoot by responding to its rate of change. The

larger the number is, the faster the action will be. e.g. when the door of an oven is

opened, the temperature will drop at a very high rate. The derivative action

changes the controller output based on the rate of change rather than the net

amount of change. This will allow the controller to act sooner. It will turn the heater

to full power before the temperature drops too much

AT, Auto-tuning

Every type of cooker has its own unique set of tuning parameters. For the

controller to heat with stability, it should have programmed with the tuning

parameters for the cooker currently being used.

When Should the Controller be Tuned?

The Auto-tuning function (it’s often known as self-tuning) can automatically

optimize the PID parameters for your chosen cooking system. The auto-tuning

function will heat up your cooker then let it cool down. It will repeat this heat/cool

cycle several times. Based on the response time of the whole cooking system, the

controller will calculate and set the PID parameters for your cooker.

Figure 6. Auto-Tuning

Before using the auto-tune function, you must set the cooking equipment up in the

exact configuration it will be used. For example, to tune a rice cooker, place the

sensor in the room temperature pot filled with water and plug the cooker into the

controller. If the cooker has its own thermostat or power control, turn both as high

as they’ll go. Set the controller to the appropriate power level (see next Section).

Turn the controller and cooker on, and then enter the desired set point

temperature close to your normal cooking temperature.

You should always write down your old PID parameters, before letting the

controller perform auto-tuning. This way if something goes wrong, you can always

go back to your old PID parameters. The water amount in the pot should be the

same volume as you would have normally used. Basically, you must setup your

cooking system close to your actual cooking environment.

The duration of auto-tuning depends on how fast the system is responding to the

heating and cooling cycle. If the temperature of the cooker takes a long time to

drop when the heater is off, the auto-tuning could be a very long tuning process.

This is especially true with a well insulated cooker. The auto-tuning should be able

to tune most of your chosen heaters/cookers/smokers with great results.

To activate auto-tuning, set Ato 1; then, exit the menu (see Figure 7. Code 166

Parameter setup flow chart). The display will start to flash alternately betweenA

and the current water bath temperature, which indicates auto-tuning is in progress.

When the display stops flashing, the auto-tuning is finished. Now, the newly

calculated PID parameters are set and are used for the system. The new

parameters will store in the memory even when the controller is restarted

T, cycle rate. The unit is in seconds. This unit determines how long for the

controller to calculate each action. e.g. If T is set to 10 seconds, when the

controller decides the output should be 10%, it will turn on the heater 1 second for

every 10 seconds. This parameter should set at 2 second for heating with an

electric heater. When controlling a solenoid valve or a compressor of refrigerator,

the T should be set to 10-20 to reduce the frequency of on/off.

To prevent changing critical parameters by accident, an access lock, LCK is used.

Special code is needed to open the lock for these parameters.

This group of parameters can be accessed by input code 166. Figure 7 is the flow chart

that shows how they can be changed.

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