Casio Fx-7400G Manuale utente

Statistical Graphs and

Calculations

This chapter describes how to input statistical data into lists, and

how to calculate the mean, maximum and other statistical values. It

also tells you how to perform regression calculations.

1. Before Performing Statistical Calculations

2. Statistical Calculation Examples

3. Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data

4. Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data

5. Manual Graphing

6. Performing Statistical Calculations

Chapter

Important!

• This chapter contains a number of graph screen shots. In each case, new data

values were input in order to highlight the particular characteristics of the graph

being drawn. Note that when you try to draw a similar graph, the unit uses data

values that you have input using the List function. Because of this, the graphs

that appears on the screen when you perform a graphing operation will prob-

ably differ somewhat from those shown in this manual.

Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

1. Before Performing Statistical

Calculations

In the Main Menu, select the STAT icon to enter the STAT Mode and display the

statistical data lists.

Use the statistical data lists to input data and to perform statistical calculations.

1(GRPH) .... Graph menu

2(CALC)..... Statistical calculation menu

3(SRT•A).... Ascending sort

4(SRT•D) ... Descending sort

[

1(DEL) ....... Single data item delete

2(DEL•A).... Delete all data

3(INS) ........ Insert data item

Press [to return to the previous menu.

• The procedures you should use for data editing are identical to those you use

with the list function. For details, see “Chapter 6 List Function”.

2. Statistical Calculation Examples

Once you input data, you can use it to produce a graph and check for tendencies.

You can also use a variety of different regression calculations to analyze the data.

Example To input the following two data groups and perform statistical

calculations

0.5, 1.2, 2.4, 4.0, 5.2

–2.1, 0.3, 1.5, 2.0, 2.4

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P.78

Use

and

to move

the highlighting around the lists.

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

kInputting Data into Lists

Input the two groups of data into List 1 and List 2.

a.fwb.cw

c.ewewf.cw

-c.bwa.dw

b.fwcwc.ew

Once data is input, you can use it for graphing and statistical calculations.

• Input values can be up to 10 digits long (9-digit mantissa and 2-digit exponent

when using exponential format). Values in statistical data table cells are shown

only up to six digits.

• You can use the f, c, dand ekeys to move the highlighting to any cell in

the lists for data input.

kPlotting Data

Example To specify Graph 1 as non-draw (OFF) and Graph 3 as draw (ON)

and use Graph 3 to plot the data you input into statistical data

List 1 and List 2 above

While the statistical data list is on the display, press 1(GRPH) to display the graph

menu.

1(GRPH)

1(GPH1)..... Graph 1 draw

2(GPH2)..... Graph 2 draw

3(GPH3)..... Graph 3 draw

[

1(SEL)......... Graph (GPH1, GPH2, GPH3) selection

4(SET) ........ Graph settings (graph type, list assignments)

Press [to return to the previous menu.

• You can specify the graph draw/non-draw status, the graph type, and other gen-

eral settings for each of the graphs in the graph menu (GPH1, GPH2, GPH3).

• You can press any function key (1,2,3) to draw a graph regardless of the

current location of the highlighting in the statistical data list.

• The initial default graph type setting for all the graphs (Graph 1 through Graph 3)

is scatter diagram, but you can change to one of a number of other graph types.

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

kPlotting a Scatter Diagram

It is often difficult to spot the relationship between two sets of data (such as height

and shoe size) by simply looking at the numbers. Such relationships often become

clear however, when we plot the data on a graph, using one set as x-values and the

other set as y-values.

uTo plot a scatter diagram

Example To plot the data we input in statistical data List 1 and List 2

1(GPH1)

• The default setting automatically uses List 1 data asx-axis values and List 2 data

as y-axis values. Each set of x/ydata is a point on the scatter diagram.

• To return to the statistical data list, press Q.

kChanging Graph Parameters

Use the following procedures to specify the graph draw/non-draw status, the graph

type, and other general settings for each of the graphs in the graph menu (GPH1,

GPH2, GPH3).

1. Graph draw/non-draw status (SELECT)

The following procedure can be used to specify the draw (On)/non-draw (Off) status

of each of the graphs in the graph menu.

uTo specify the draw/non-draw status of a graph

1. While the graph menu is on the display, press [1(SEL) to display the graph

On/Off screen.

1(GRPH)

[1(SEL)

1(On).......... Graph On (graph draw)

2(Off).......... Graph Off (graph non-draw)

4(DRAW).... Draw all On graphs

• Note that the S-Grph1 setting is for Graph 1 (GPH1 of the graph menu), S-Grph2

is for Graph 2, and S-Grph3 is for Graph 3.

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

2. Usefand cto move the highlighting to the graph whose draw (On)/non-draw

(Off) status you want to change and press 1(On) or 2(Off).

3. To return to the graph menu, press Q.

uTo draw a graph

Example To draw a scatter diagram of Graph 3 only

1(GRPH)[1(SEL)

2(Off)

cc1(On)

4(DRAW)

2. General graph settings (SET)

This section describes how to use the general graph settings screen to make the

following settings for each graph (GPH1, GPH2, GPH3).

• Graph Type

The initial default graph type setting for all the graphs is scatter graph. You can select

one of a variety of other statistical graph types for each graph.

• List

The initial default statistical data is List 1 for single-variable data, and List 1 and List

2 for paired-variable data. You can specify which statistical data list you want to use

for x-data and y-data.

• Frequency

Normally, each data item or data pair in the statistical data list is represented on a

graph as a point. When you are working with a large number of data items however,

this can cause problems because of the number of plot points on the graph. When

this happens, you can specify a frequency list that contains values indicating the

number of instances (the frequency) of the data items in the corresponding cells of

the lists you are using for x-data and y-data. Once you do this, only one point is

plotted for the multiple data items, which makes the graph easier to read.

• Mark Type

This setting lets you specify the shape of the plot points on the graph.

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

uTo display the general graph settings (SET) screen

While the graph menu is on the display, press [4(SET) to display the general

graph settings screen.

1(GRPH)

[4(SET)

• The settings shown here are examples only. The settings on your general graph

settings screen may differ.

uTo select the StatGraph area

1. While the general graph settings screen is on the display, use fand cto

move the highlighting to the StatGraph item.

2. Use the function key menu to select the StatGraph area you want to select.

1(GPH1)..... Graph 1

2(GPH2)..... Graph 2

3(GPH3)..... Graph 3

uTo select the graph type (G-Type)

1. While the general graph settings screen is on the display, use fand cto

move the highlighting to the G-Type item.

2. Use the function key menu to select the graph type you want to select.

1(Scat) ....... Scatter diagram

2(xy)........... xy line graph

[

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

1(Hist) ........ Histogram (bar graph)

2(Box) ........ Med-box graph

3(N•Dis) ..... Normal distribution curve

[

1(X) ............ Linear regression graph

2(Med) ....... Med-Med graph

3(X^2) ........ Quadratic regression graph

[

1(Log) ........ Logarithmic regression graph

2(Exp) ........ Exponential regression graph

3(Pwr) ........ Power regression graph

Press [to return to the previous menu.

uTo select the x-axis data list (XList)

1. While the graph settings screen is on the display, use fand cto move the

highlighting to the XList item.

2. Use the function key menu to select the name of the statistical data list whose

values you want on the x-axis of the graph.

1(List1)....... List 1

2(List2)....... List 2

3(List3)....... List 3

4(List4)....... List 4

[

1(List5)....... List 5

2(List6)....... List 6

Press [to return to the previous menu.

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

uTo select the y-axis data list (YList)

1. While the graph settings screen is on the display, use fand cto move the

highlighting to theYList item.

2. Use the function key menu to select the name of the statistical data list whose

values you want on the y-axis of the graph.

1(List1)....... List 1

2(List2)....... List 2

3(List3)....... List 3

4(List4)....... List 4

[

1(List5)....... List 5

2(List6)....... List 6

Press [to return to the previous menu.

uTo select the frequency data list (Frequency)

1. While the general graph settings screen is on the display, use fand cto

move the highlighting to the Frequency item.

2. Use the function key menu to select the frequency setting you want.

1(1) ............ Plot all data (1-to-1)

2(List1)....... List 1 data is frequency data.

3(List2)....... List 2 data is frequency data.

4(List3)....... List 3 data is frequency data.

[

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Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

1(List4)....... List 4 data is frequency data.

2(List5)....... List 5 data is frequency data.

3(List6)....... List 6 data is frequency data.

Press [to return to the previous menu.

uTo select the plot mark type (M-Type)

1. While the general graph settings screen is on the display, use fand cto

move the highlighting to the M-Type item.

2. Use the function key menu to select the plot mark you want to select.

1( ) ........... Plot using

2(X) ............ Plot using X

3(•) ............. Plot using •

kDrawing an xy Line Graph

Paired data items can be used to plot a scatter diagram.A scatter diagram where the

points are linked is an xy line graph.

Press Qto return to the statistical data list.

kSelecting the Regression Type

After you graph statistical data, you can use the function menu at the bottom of the

display to select from a variety of different types of regression.

1(X) ............ Linear regression graph

2(Med) ....... Med-Med graph

3(X^2) ........ Quadratic regression graph

1234

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P.98

(G-Type)

(xy)

102

Statistical Graphs and Calculations Chapter 7

[

1(Log) ........ Logarithmic regression graph

2(Exp) ........ Exponential regression graph

3(Pwr) ........ Power regression graph

4(2VAR) ..... Paired-variable statistical results

Press [to return to the previous menu.

kDisplaying Statistical Calculation Results

Whenever you perform a regression calculation, the regression formula parameter

(such as aand bin the linear regression y= ax + b) calculation results appear on the

display. You can use these to obtain statistical calculation results.

Regression parameters are calculated as soon as you press a function key to select

a regression type while a graph is on the display.

Example To display logarithmic regression parameter calculation results

while a scatter diagram is on the display

[1(Log)

kGraphing statistical calculation results

You can use the parameter calculation result menu to graph the displayed regres-

sion formula.

3(COPY) .... Stores the displayed regression formula as a graph function

4(DRAW).... Graphs the displayed regression formula

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P.110

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