Casio FX-9750G Manuale utente

Basic Operation

1-1 Before Starting Calculations...

1-2 Memory

1-3 Option (OPTN) Menu

1-4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu

1-5 Program (PRGM) Menu

Chapter

1-1 Before Starting Calculations...

Before performing a calculation for the first time, you should use the Set Up Screen

to specify the angle unit and display format.

kSetting the Angle Unit (Angle)

1. Display the Set Up Screen and use the fand ckeys to highlight “Angle”.

1(Deg) ........ Specifies degrees as

default.

2(Rad) ........ Specifies radians as

default.

3(Gra) ........ Specifies grads as default.

2. Press the function key that corresponds to the angle unit you want to use.

• The relationship between degrees, grads, and radians is shown below.

360°= 2πradians = 400 grads

90°= π/2 radians = 100 grads

kSetting the Display Format (Display)

1. Display the Set Up Screen and use the fand ckeys to highlight “Display”.

1(Fix).......... Displays screen for specifi-

cation of number of decimal

places.

2(Sci) ......... Displays screen for specifi-

cation of number of signifi-

cant digits.

3(Norm) ..... Switches exponential format display range.

4(Eng) ........ Displays calculation results using engineering notation.

2. Press the function key that corresponds to the display format you want to use.

123456

uTo specify the number of decimal places (Fix)

Example To specify two decimal places.

1(Fix)

3(2)

Pressthe functionkey thatcorresponds tothe number

of decimal places you want to specify (

= 0 ~ 9).

• Displayed values are rounded off to the number of decimal places you specify.

uTo specify the number of significant digits (Sci)

Example To specify three significant digits.

2(Sci)

4(3)

Pressthe functionkey thatcorresponds tothe number

of significant digits you want to specify (

= 0 ~ 9).

• Displayed values are rounded off to the number of significant digits you specify.

• Specifying 0 makes the number of significant digits 10.

123456

Before Starting Calculations... 1 - 1

uTo specify the exponential display range (Norm 1/Norm 2)

Press 3(Norm) to switch between Norm 1 and Norm 2.

Norm 1: 10–2 (0.01)>|x|, |x| >1010

Norm 2: 10–9 (0.000000001)>|x|, |x| >1010

uTo specify the engineering notation display (Eng)

Press 4(Eng) to switch between engineering notation and standard notation.

The indicator “/E” is on the display while engineering notation is in effect.

The following are the 11 engineering notation symbols used by this calculator.

Symbol Meaning Unit

E Exa 1018

P Peta 1015

T Tera 1012

G Giga 109

M Mega 106

k kilo 103

m milli 10–3

µmicro 10–6

n nano 10–9

p pico 10–12

f femto 10–15

• The engineering symbol that makes the mantissa a value from 1 to 1000 is auto-

matically selected by the calculator when engineering notation is in effect.

1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...

kInputting Calculations

When you are ready to input a calculation, first press Ato clear the display. Next,

input your calculation formulas exactly as they are written, from left to right, and

press wto obtain the result.

Example 1 2 + 3 – 4 + 10 =

Ac+d-e+baw

Example 2 2(5 + 4) ÷(23 ×5) =

Ac(f+e)/

(cd*f)w

kCalculation Priority Sequence

This calculator employs true algebraic logic to calculate the parts of a formula in the

following order:

1Coordinate transformation

Pol (x, y), Rec (r,

)

Differentials, quadratic differentials, integrations, Σcalculations

d/dx, d2/dx2, ∫dx, Σ, Mat, Solve, FMin, FMax, List→Mat, Fill, Seq, SortA, SortD,

Min, Max, Median, Mean,Augment, Mat→List, List

2Type A functions

With these functions, the value is entered and then the function key is pressed.

x2, x–1, x!, °’ ”, ENG symbols

3Power/root

^(xy), x

4Fractions

ab/c

5Abbreviated multiplication format in front of π, memory name, or variable name.

2π, 5A, X min, F Start, etc.

6Type B functions

With these functions, the function key is pressed and then the value is entered.

, 3, log, In, ex, 10x, sin, cos, tan, sin–1, cos–1, tan–1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh–1,

cosh–1, tanh–1, (–), parenthesis, d, h, b, o, Neg, Not, Det, Trn, Dim, Identity, Sum,

Prod, Cuml, Percent

7Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type B functions

2, A log2, etc.3

8Permutation, combination

nPr, nCr

Before Starting Calculations... 1 - 1

9×, ÷

0+, –

!Relational operator

=, G, >, <, ≥, ≤

@And, and

#Or, or, xor, xnor

• When functions with the same priority are used in series, execution is performed

from right to left.

exIn →ex{In( )}120 120

Otherwise, execution is from left to right.

• Anything contained within parentheses receives highest priority.

Example 2 + 3 ×(log sin2π2+ 6.8) = 22.07101691 (angle unit = Rad)

kMultiplication Operations without a Multiplication Sign

You can omit the multiplication sign (×) in any of the following operations.

• Before the Type B functions

Example 2sin30, 10log1.2, 2 , 2Pol(5, 12), etc.

• Before constants, variable names, memory

Example 2π, 2AB, 3Ans, 3Y1, etc.

• Before an open parenthesis

Example 3(5 + 6), (A + 1)(B – 1), etc.

1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...

kStacks

The unit employs memory blocks, called

stacks

, for storage of low priority values and

commands. There is a 10-level

numeric value stack

, a 26-level

command stack

, and

a 10-level

program subroutine stack

. If you execute a formula so complex it exceeds

the amount of stack space available, an error message appears on the display (Stk

ERROR during calculations or Ne ERROR during execution of a program subrou-

tine).

Example

(

...

Numeric Value Stack Command Stack

• Calculations are performed according to the priority sequence. Once a calcula-

tion is executed, it is cleared from the stack.

• Storing a complex number takes up two numeric value stack levels.

• Storing a two-byte function takes up two command stack levels.

kInput, Output and Operation Limitations

The allowable range for both input and output values is 10 digits for the mantissa and

2 digits for the exponent. Internally, however, the unit performs calculations using 15

digits for the mantissa and 2 digits for the exponent.

Example 3 ×105÷7 – 42857 =

AdEf/hw

dEf/h-

ecifhw

Before Starting Calculations... 1 - 1

P.22

kOverflow and Errors

Exceeding a specified input or calculation range, or attempting an illegal input causes

an error message to appear on the display. Further operation of the calculator is

impossible while an error message is displayed. The following events cause an error

message to appear on the display.

• When any result, whether intermediate or final, or any value in memory exceeds

±9.999999999 ×1099 (Ma ERROR).

• When an attempt is made to perform a function calculation that exceeds the input

range (Ma ERROR).

• When an illegal operation is attempted during statistical calculations (Ma ER-

ROR). For example, attempting to obtain 1VAR without data input.

• When the capacity of the numeric value stack or command stack is exceeded (Stk

ERROR). For example, entering 25 successive(followed by 2 +3 *4 w.

• When an attempt is made to perform a calculation using an illegal formula (Syn

ERROR). For example, 5 ** 3 w.

• When you try to perform a calculation that causes memory capacity to be exceeded

(Mem ERROR).

• When you use a command that requires an argument, without providing a valid

argument (Arg ERROR).

• When an attempt is made to use an illegal dimension during matrix calculations

(Dim ERROR).

• Other errors can occur during program execution. Most of the calculator’s keys

are inoperative while an error message is displayed.You can resume operation

using one of the two following procedures.

• Press the Akey to clear the error and return to normal operation.

• Press dor eto display the error.

kMemory Capacity

Each time you press a key, either one byte or two bytes is used. Some of the functions

that require one byte are: b, c, d, sin, cos, tan, log, In, , and π. Some of the

functions that take up two bytes are d/dx(, Mat, Xmin, If, For, Return, DrawGraph,

SortA(, PxIOn, Sum, and an+1.

When the number of bytes remaining drops to five or below, the cursor automatically

changes from “ _ ” to “ v”. If you still need to input more, you should divide your

calculation into two or more parts.

• As you input numeric values or commands, they appear flush left on the dis-

play. Calculation results, on the other hand, are displayed flush right.

1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...

P.399

P.50

P.401

kGraphic Display and Text Display

The unit uses both a graphic display and a text display. The graphic display is used

for graphics, while the text display is used for calculations and instructions. The con-

tents of each type of display are stored in independent memory areas.

uTo switch between the graphic display and text display

Press !6(G↔T). You should also note that the key operations used to clear

each type of display are different.

uTo clear the graphic display

Press !4(Sketch) 1(Cls) w.

uTo clear the text display

Press A.

kEditing Calculations

Use the dand ekeys to move the cursor to the position you want to change, and

then perform one of the operations described below. After you edit the calculation,

you can execute it by pressing w, or use eto move to the end of the calculation

and input more.

uTo change a step

Example To change cos60 to sin60

cga

ddd

uTo delete a step

Example To change 369 × × 2 to 369 ×2

dgj**c

ddD

Before Starting Calculations... 1 - 1

uTo insert a step

Example To change 2.362to sin2.362

c.dgx

ddddd

• When you press ![a space is indicated by the symbol ‘‘t’’. The next func-

tion or value you input is inserted at the location of ‘‘t’’. To abort the insert opera-

tion without inputting anything, move the cursor, press ![again, or press

d, eor w.

1 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...

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