Commodore 1541 Manuale utente

Friendly

Introduction

Your

1541

Disk

Drive

commodore

COMPUTER

USER'S

GUIDE

STATEMENT

"This

equipment

generates

and

uses

radio

frequency

energy.

not

properly

installed

and

used

strict

accordance

with

the

manufac

turer's

instructions,

this

equipment

may

interfere

with

radio

and

tele

vision

reception.

This

machine

has

been

tested

and

found

comply

with

the

limits

for

Class

computing

device

peripheral

accord

ance

with

the

specifications

Subpart

Part

FCC

Rules,

which

are

designed

provide

reasonable

protection

against

such

interference

residential

installation.

you

suspect

interference,

you

can

test

this

equipment

turning

off

and

on.

you

determine

that

there

interference

with

radio

television

reception,

try

one

the

following

measures

correct

it:

•

reorient

the

receiving

antenna

•

move

the

equipment

away

from

the

receiver

•

change

the

relative

positions

the

equipment

and

the

receiver

•

plug

the

equipment

into a

different

outlet so that

the

equipment

and

the

receiver

are

different

branch

circuits.

necessary,

consult

your

Commodore

dealer

experienced

radio/

television

technician

for

additional

suggestions.

You

may

also

wish

consult

the

following

booklet,

which

was

prepared

the

Federal

Communications

Commission:

"How

to Identify

and

Resolve

Radio-TV

Interference

Problems".

This

booklet

available

from

the

U.S.

Government

Printing

Office,

Washington,

D.C.

20402,

Stock

No.

004000-00345-4.

COMMQDORI

1541

DISK

DRIVE

Friendly

Introduction

Your

1541

Disk

Drive

f:commodare

COMPUTER

The

information

ihis

manual

has

been

reviewed

and

believed to

entirely

reliable.

responsibility,

however,

assumed

for

inaccuracies.

The

material

in (his

manual

for

information

purposes

only,

and

subject

change

without

notice.

tjyCommodore

Business

Machines

Electronics Ltd.,

September

1982

"All

rights

reserved."

Table

Contents

Pa8«

GENERAL

DESCRIPTION

•

UNPACKING

AND

CONNECTING

Contents

Box

Connection

Cables

Powering

•

Insertion

Diskette

■

Using

with

VIC

20 or

Commodore

©SING

PROGRAMS

Pre-packaged

Software

LOAD

Directory of

Disk

Pattern

Matching

Wild

Cards

SAVE

and

replace

VERIFY

DOS

Support

Program

DISK

COMMANDS

OPEN

AND

NEW

COPY

RENAME

SCRATCH

INITIALIZE

VALIDATE

DUPLICATE

Reading

the

Error

Channel

SEQUENTIAL

FILES

OPEN

# and

INPUT

GET

Reading

Ihe

Directory

RANDOM

FILES

Opening

channel

for

random

access

dala

BLOCK-READ

BLOCK-WRITE

3°

BLOCK-ALLOCATE

BLOCK-FREE

BUFFtlR-POINTER

USER1

and

USER2

RELATIVE

FILES

Creating

relative

file.

Using

relative

files

, , <

-jg

Create

relative

tile

, , ,

Sum

man

Modifying

the

program.......

„..„

...

PROGRAMMING

THE

DISK

CONTROLLER

BLOCK-EXECUTE

MEMORY-REAP

MEMORY-WRITE

.....«^!

MEMORY-EXECUTE

."!!!,"!!!!.'."!"!

USER

Commands

CHANGING

THE

DISK

DEVICE

NUMBER

Software

Method

,„

,.48

Hardware

Method

nmt

4«;

10.

ASSEMBLY

LANGUAGE

AND

THE

1541 50

Appendices

Disk

Command

Siunmun

Error

Messages

, , ,

Demonstration

Disk

Programs

, ,

D. Disk

Formate

Tables

, ,

GENERAL

DESCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION

Welcome

to the

fastest,

easiest,

and

most

efficient

filing

system

available

for

your

Commodore

VIC

computer,

your

154]

DISK

DRIVE.

This

manual

has

been

designed

show

you

how

get

the

most from

your

drive,

whether

you're a beginner

advanced

professional.

you

are

beginner,

the

first

few

chapters

will

help

you

through

the

basics

disk drive

installation

and

operation.

your

skill

and

programming

knowledge

proves,

you

will

find

uses

for

your

disk

drive

and

the

advanced

chapters

this

manual

will

become

much

valuable.

you're

professional,

this

reference

guide

wiil

show

you

how

put

the

1541

through

its

paces

perform

just

about

all

the

disk

drive

jobs

you

can

think

of.

matter

what

level

expertise

you

haveh

your

1541 disk

drive

will

dramatically

improve

the

overall

capabilities

your

computer

system.

Before

you

get

to the

details

1541

operation,

you

should

aware

few

portant

points.

This

manual

REFERENCE

GUIDE,

which

means

that

unless

the

information

you

seek

directly

pertains

the

disk

drive

you

will

have

use

your

Commodore

VIC

User's

Guides

and

Programmer's

Reference

Guides

find

programming

information.

addition,

even

though

give

you

step-by-step

structions

for

each

operation,

you

should

become

familiar

with

BASIC

and

the

structions

(called

commands)

that

help

you

operate

your

disks

and

drives.

However,

you

just

want

use

your

disk

drive

unit

load

and

save

prepackaged

software,

we've

included

easy

and

brief

section

doing

just

that.

Now

let's

get

with

the

general

information.

The

commands

for

the

disk

drive

come

several

levels

sophistication.

Starting

chapter

three,

you

can

learn

how

the

command

that

allow

you

SAVE

and

LOAD

programs

with

(he

disk

work.

Chapter

four

teaches

you

how

commands

are

sent

to the

disk,

and

introduces

the

disk

maintenance

commands.

Chapter

five

tells

you

how

work

with

SEQuential

data

flies.

These

are

very

similar

their

counterparts

tape (but

much

faster).

Chapter

six

introduces

the

com

mands

that

allow

you

work

with

random

filcsj

access

any

piece

of data

the

disk,

and

how

you

organize

the

diskette

into

tracks

and

blocks.

Chapter

seven

describes

The

special

relative

files.

RELaiive

Files

are the

best

method

storing

data

bases,

especially

when

they

are

used

along

with

sequential

files.

Chapter

eight

describes

methods

for

programming

the

disk

controller

circuits

the

machine

language

level.

And

the

final

chapter

shows

you

how

change

the

disk

device

number, by

cutting

line

inside

the

drive

unit

through

software.

Remember,

you

don't

really

need

learn

everything

this

book

all

once.

The

first

four

chapters

are

enough

to get

you

going,

and

tne

couple

are

enough

for

most

operations.

Getting

know

your

disk

drive

will

reward

you

many

ways

—

speed

operation,

reliability,

and

much

flexibility

your

data

processing

capabilities.

SPECIFICATIONS

This

disk

drive

allows

you

store

144

different

programs

and/or

data

files

single

mini-floppy

diskette,

for

maximum

of over

174,000

byics

worth

infor

mation

storage.

Included

the drive

circuitry

for

both

the

disk

controller

and

complete

disk

operating

system,

total

16K

ROM

and

RAM

memory.

This

circuitry

makes

your

Commodore

1541

disk

drive

"intelligent"

device.

This

means

does

its

own

processing

without

talcing

any

memory

away

from

your

Commodore

VIC

computer.

The

disk

uses a

"pipeline"

software

system.

The

"pipeline"

makes

the

disk

able

process

commands

while

the

computer

performing

other

jobs.

This

dramatically

improves

the

overall

throughput

(input

and

outpu*)

the

system.

Diskettes

that

you

create

this

disk

drive

arc

read

and

write

compatible

with

Commodore

4040

and

2031

disk

drives,

Therefore,

diskettes

can

used

inter

changeably

any

these

systems.

addition,

this

drive

can

read

programs

created

the

older

Commodore

2040

drives.

The

1541

disk

drive

contains

dual

"serial

bus"

interface.

This bus

was

specially

created

Commodore.

The

signals

this

bus

resemble

the

parallel

IEEE-488

inter

face

used

Commodore

PET

computers,

except

that

only

one

wire

used

com

municate

data

instead

eight.

The

two

ports

the

rear

the drive

allows

than

one

device

the

serial

bus

the

same

time.

This

accomplished

"daisy-

chaining"

the devices

together,

each

plugged

into

the

next.

five

disk

drives

and

one

printer

can

the

bus

simultaneously.

Figure

1.1

Specifications

VIC

1540/1541

Single

Drive

Floppy

Disk

STORAGE

Total

capacity

Sequential

Relative

Directory

entries

Sectors

per

track

Bytes

per

sector

Tracks

Blocks

174848

bytes

per

diskette

168656

bytes

per

diskette

167132

bytes

per

diskette

65535

records

per

file

144 per

diskette

17(0

256

683

(664

blocks

free)

IC\:

6502

6522

(2)

Buffer

2114(4)

PHYSICAL;

Dimensions

Height

Width

Depth

Electrical:

Power

Requirements

Voltage

Frequency

Power

MEDIA:

Diskettes

microprocessor

I/O,

internal

timers

RAM

200

374

100, 120,

220,

240

VAC

Hertz

Watts

Standard

mini

5V4",

single sided,

single

density

UNPACKING

AND

CONNECTING

CONTENTS

BOX

Included

with

the

154] disk

drive

unii,

you

should

find

gray

power

cable,

black

serial

bus

cable,

this

manual,

and

demonstration

diskette.

The

power

cable

has

con

nection

for the

back of

ihc disk

drive

one

end,

and

for

grounded

(three-prong)

electrical

outlet

the

other.

The

serial

bus

cable

exactly

the

same

both

ends.

has

6-pin

DIN

plug

which

attaches

the

VIC

20,

Commodore

another

disk

drive.

Please,

don't

hook

anything

until

you've

completed

the

following

section!

iFigl.A

£i

commodore

1541

DRIVE

JNDICATER

(RED

LED)

LIGHT:

ACTIVE

FLASH:

ERROR

POWER

INDICATER

Fig

Front

Panel

]green

LED)

LIGHT:

POWERQN

}

Fig

DRIVE

INDICATOR

(RED

LED)

LIGHT:

ACTIVE

FLASH

ERROR

POWER

JNDICATEP

(GREEN

LED)

LIGHT:

POWER

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