Diamond Systems Helios Manuale utente

HELIOS SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER

PC/104 SBC with Vortex Processor

and Integrated Data Acquisition

Rev B9: January 2016

Revision

Date

Comment

5/15/2009

Major update

B1-8

2/23/2012

Minor corrections; removed 300MHz models

1/4/2016

Updated power consumption

FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT Diamond Systems Corporation

PLEASE CONTACT: 555 Ellis Street

Mountain View, CA 94043 USA

support@diamondsystems.com Tel 1-650-810-2500

Fax 1-650-810-2525

www.diamondsystems.com

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 2

CONTENTS

1. Important Safe Handling Information .............................................................................................................4

2. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................6

3. Functional Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................8

4. Board Diagram ..................................................................................................................................................9

5. Connector and Jumper Lists........................................................................................................................ 10

5.1 I/O Connectors............................................................................................................................................ 10

5.2 Configuration Jumpers ............................................................................................................................... 10

6. I/O Connectors ............................................................................................................................................... 11

6.1 Input Power (J4) ......................................................................................................................................... 11

6.2 I/O Power (J5)............................................................................................................................................. 11

6.3 Panel Power Input (J22)............................................................................................................................. 11

6.4 Serial Ports (J8).......................................................................................................................................... 12

6.5 PS/2 Mouse and Keyboard (J3) ................................................................................................................. 13

6.6 USB (J15, J16) ........................................................................................................................................... 13

6.7 Ethernet (J11)............................................................................................................................................. 14

6.8 VGA (J10)................................................................................................................................................... 14

6.9 LVDS LCD Interface (J13, bottom side of board)....................................................................................... 15

6.10 LCD Backlight (J9)...................................................................................................................................... 15

6.11 IDE (J12)..................................................................................................................................................... 16

6.12 External Battery (J6)................................................................................................................................... 16

6.13 Digital I/O (J7)............................................................................................................................................. 17

6.14 Data Acquisition (J17) ................................................................................................................................ 18

6.15 Miscellaneous (J14).................................................................................................................................... 19

6.16 Autocalibration (J19)................................................................................................................................... 19

6.17 FPGA Programming (J20).......................................................................................................................... 19

6.18 PC/104 ISA Bus (J1, J2)............................................................................................................................. 20

7. Configuration Jumpers ................................................................................................................................. 21

7.1 LCD Backlight Power (J18) ........................................................................................................................ 21

7.2 Data Acquisition Interrupt Configuration (J21) ........................................................................................... 22

7.3 RS-422/RS-485 Configuration (J25, J26)................................................................................................... 23

8. System Resources......................................................................................................................................... 24

9. Video Features ............................................................................................................................................... 25

9.1 CRT ............................................................................................................................................................ 25

9.2 LCD............................................................................................................................................................. 26

9.3 Changing the LCD / CRT Resolution ......................................................................................................... 27

9.3.1 Modifying the BIOS with a New LCD Resolution............................................................................... 28

9.3.2 Updating the BIOS with SPIFLASH Software.................................................................................... 29

10. Installation and Configuration...................................................................................................................... 30

10.1 Quick Setup................................................................................................................................................ 30

10.2 Boot Device Options................................................................................................................................... 30

11. BIOS Functions.............................................................................................................................................. 31

11.1 Entering the BIOS....................................................................................................................................... 31

11.2 Restoring Default BIOS Settings................................................................................................................ 31

11.3 Setting the Date and Time.......................................................................................................................... 31

11.4 Built-In Flash Drive with FreeDOS.............................................................................................................. 31

11.5 ISA Bus IRQ Reservation........................................................................................................................... 31

11.6 Blue LED..................................................................................................................................................... 32

11.7 ISA Bus Speed ........................................................................................................................................... 32

11.8 Quiet / Quick Boot / Splash Screen............................................................................................................ 32

11.9 Boot Priority................................................................................................................................................ 32

11.10System Reset ............................................................................................................................................. 32

12. Serial Ports and System Console ................................................................................................................ 33

12.1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 33

12.2 Serial port Configuration............................................................................................................................. 33

12.3 Console Redirection to a Serial Port .......................................................................................................... 34

13. Data Acquisition Circuit Overview............................................................................................................... 35

14. Data Acquisition I/O Register Map............................................................................................................... 36

14.1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 36

14.2 Register Write Functions ............................................................................................................................ 37

14.3 Register Read Functions............................................................................................................................ 38

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 3

14.4 I/O Map Detailed Description...................................................................................................................... 39

14.4.1 Main Registers................................................................................................................................... 39

14.4.2 Page 0: Counter/Timer Control.......................................................................................................... 47

14.4.3 Page 1: AutoCalibration Control ........................................................................................................ 49

14.4.4 Page 2 Expanded FIFO and AD/DA Control ..................................................................................... 51

15. Analog-to-Digital Input Ranges and Resolution......................................................................................... 53

15.1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 53

15.2 Input Range Selection ................................................................................................................................ 53

16. Performing an A/D Conversion .................................................................................................................... 54

16.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................. 54

16.2 Select the Input Channel ............................................................................................................................ 55

16.3 Select the Input Range............................................................................................................................... 55

16.4 Select the Polarity....................................................................................................................................... 55

16.5 Wait for Analog Input Circuit to Settle......................................................................................................... 55

16.6 Perform an A/D Conversion on the Current Channel................................................................................. 55

16.7 Wait for the Conversion to Finish ............................................................................................................... 56

16.8 Read the Data from the Board.................................................................................................................... 56

16.9 Convert the Data to Volts or Engineering Units.......................................................................................... 56

16.9.1 Conversion Formula for Bipolar Input Ranges................................................................................... 57

16.9.2 Conversion Formula for Unipolar Input Ranges ................................................................................ 57

17. A/D Scan, Interrupt and FIFO Operation...................................................................................................... 58

18. Digital-to-Analog Output Ranges and Resolution...................................................................................... 60

18.1 Description.................................................................................................................................................. 60

18.2 D/A Resolution............................................................................................................................................ 60

18.3 Output Range Selection ............................................................................................................................. 60

18.4 D/A Conversion Formulas and Tables........................................................................................................ 61

18.4.1 D/A Conversion Formulas for Unipolar Output Ranges..................................................................... 61

18.4.2 D/A Conversion Formulas for Bipolar Output Ranges....................................................................... 62

19. Generating an Analog Output....................................................................................................................... 63

19.1 Set Simultaneous Update Mode and/or DAC Resolution........................................................................... 64

19.2 Configure the Desired Output Range......................................................................................................... 64

19.3 Compute the D/A Code for the Desired Output Voltage............................................................................. 64

19.4 Write the Value to the Selected Output Channel Registers ....................................................................... 64

19.5 Update the D/A........................................................................................................................................... 65

20. Analog Circuit Calibration ............................................................................................................................ 66

21. Digital I/O Ports.............................................................................................................................................. 67

21.1 Data Acquisition Circuit Digital I/O Ports.................................................................................................... 67

21.2 Vortex Processor Digital I/O Ports.............................................................................................................. 68

21.3 Digital Interrupts.......................................................................................................................................... 69

22. Counter/Timer Operation .............................................................................................................................. 70

22.1 Counter 0 –A/D Sample Rate Control ....................................................................................................... 71

22.2 Counter 1 –Counting, Totalizing, and Interrupt Functions......................................................................... 72

22.3 Command Sequences................................................................................................................................ 73

23. Watchdog Timer............................................................................................................................................. 75

24. FlashDisk Module .......................................................................................................................................... 77

24.1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 77

24.2 IDE Flashdisk Models and Capacities........................................................................................................ 77

24.3 Configuration and Installation..................................................................................................................... 77

24.4 BIOS FlashDisk Configuration.................................................................................................................... 78

24.5 Using the FlashDisk with Another IDE Drive.............................................................................................. 78

25. Mass Storage Accessories ........................................................................................................................... 79

25.1 ACC-IDEEXT FlashDisk Programmer Board ............................................................................................. 79

25.2 ACC-CFEXT CompactFlash Adapter......................................................................................................... 80

26. Panel I/O Board .............................................................................................................................................. 81

27. I/O Cables ....................................................................................................................................................... 82

28. Specifications................................................................................................................................................. 83

28.1 Processor Section (All Models) .................................................................................................................. 83

28.2 Data Acquisition Section (HLV800-256AV Only)........................................................................................ 84

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 4

1. IMPORTANT SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION

WARNING!

ESD-Sensitive Electronic Equipment

Observe ESD-safe handling procedures when working with this product.

Always use this product in a properly grounded work area and wear appropriate

ESD-preventive clothing and/or accessories.

Always store this product in ESD-protective packaging when not in use.

Safe Handling Precautions

The Helios board contains a high number of I/O connectors with connection to sensitive electronic components.

This creates many opportunities for accidental damage during handling, installation and connection to other

equipment. The list here describes common causes of failure found on boards returned to Diamond Systems for

repair. This information is provided as a source of advice to help you prevent damaging your Diamond (or any

vendor’s) embedded computer boards.

ESD damage –This type of damage is usually almost impossible to detect, because there is no visual sign of

failure or damage. The symptom is that the board eventually simply stops working, because some component

becomes defective. Usually the failure can be identified and the chip can be replaced.

To prevent ESD damage, always follow proper ESD-prevention practices when handling computer boards.

Damage during handling or storage –On some boards we have noticed physical damage from mishandling. A

common observation is that a screwdriver slipped while installing the board, causing a gouge in the PCB surface

and cutting signal traces or damaging components.

Another common observation is damaged board corners, indicating the board was dropped. This may or may not

cause damage to the circuitry, depending on what is near the corner. Most of our boards are designed with at

least 25 mils clearance between the board edge and any component pad, and ground / power planes are at least

20 mils from the edge to avoid possible shorting from this type of damage. However these design rules are not

sufficient to prevent damage in all situations.

A third cause of failure is when a metal screwdriver tip slips, or a screw drops onto the board while it is powered

on, causing a short between a power pin and a signal pin on a component. This can cause overvoltage / power

supply problems described below. To avoid this type of failure, only perform assembly operations when the

system is powered off.

Sometimes boards are stored in racks with slots that grip the edge of the board. This is a common practice for

board manufacturers. However our boards are generally very dense, and if the board has components very close

to the board edge, they can be damaged or even knocked off the board when the board tilts back in the rack.

Diamond recommends that all our boards be stored only in individual ESD-safe packaging. If multiple boards are

stored together, they should be contained in bins with dividers between boards. Do not pile boards on top of each

other or cram too many boards into a small location. This can cause damage to connector pins or fragile

components.

Power supply wired backwards –Our power supplies and boards are not designed to withstand a reverse

power supply connection. This will destroy each IC that is connected to the power supply (i.e. almost all ICs). In

this case the board will most likely will be unrepairable and must be replaced. A chip destroyed by reverse power

or by excessive power will often have a visible hole on the top or show some deformation on the top surface due

to vaporization inside the package. Check twice before applying power!

Board not installed properly in PC/104 stack –A common error is to install a PC/104 board accidentally shifted

by 1 row or 1 column. If the board is installed incorrectly, it is possible for power and ground signals on the bus to

make contact with the wrong pins on the board, which can damage the board. For example, this can damage

components attached to the data bus, because it puts the 12V power supply lines directly on data bus lines.

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 5

Overvoltage on analog input –If a voltage applied to an analog input exceeds the design specification of the

board, the input multiplexor and/or parts behind it can be damaged. Most of our boards will withstand an

erroneous connection of up to 35V on the analog inputs, even when the board is powered off, but not all boards,

and not in all conditions.

Overvoltage on analog output –If an analog output is accidentally connected to another output signal or a

power supply voltage, the output can be damaged. On most of our boards, a short circuit to ground on an analog

output will not cause trouble.

Overvoltage on digital I/O line –If a digital I/O signal is connected to a voltage above the maximum specified

voltage, the digital circuitry can be damaged. On most of our boards the acceptable range of voltages connected

to digital I/O signals is 0-5V, and they can withstand about 0.5V beyond that (-0.5 to 5.5V) before being damaged.

However logic signals at 12V and even 24V are common, and if one of these is connected to a 5V logic chip, the

chip will be damaged, and the damage could even extend past that chip to others in the circuit.

Bent connector pins –This type of problem is often only a cosmetic issue and is easily fixed by bending the pins

back to their proper shape one at a time with needle-nose pliers. The most common cause of bent connector pins

is when a PC/104 board is pulled off the stack by rocking it back and forth left to right, from one end of the

connector to the other. As the board is rocked back and forth it pulls out suddenly, and the pins at the end get

bent significantly. The same situation can occur when pulling a ribbon cable off of a pin header. If the pins are

bent too severely, bending them back can cause them to weaken unacceptably or even break, and the connector

must be replaced.

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 6

2. INTRODUCTION

Helios is an embedded single board computer in the PC/104 small form factor based on the DMP Vortex86DX

family of all-in-one 486 processors. Helios integrates a complete embedded PC plus a full analog and digital data

acquisition circuit into a single board. It is available in several models with different features:

Model

Processor

Speed

Memory

Math

Coprocessor

Digital I/O

Analog I/O

HLV1000-256AV

1GHz

256MB

Yes

40 lines

Yes

HLV1000-256DV

1GHz

256MB

Yes

16 lines

HLV800-256AV

800MHz

256MB

Yes

40 lines

Yes

HLV800-256DV

800MHz

256MB

Yes

16 lines

The board includes the following key system and data acquisition features:

Processor and Memory

1GHz or 800MHz Vortex86DX CPU

Integrated North Bridge/South Bridge, 10/100 Ethernet MAC/PHY, quad UART, and flash memory with

embedded BIOS

256MB DDR2 RAM system memory

Video Features

PCI interface XGI Volari Z9S chip

Dedicated 32MB video memory

High performance 2D accelerator

18-bit LVDS LCD interface, up to 1600 x 1200

CRT up to 1600 x 1200

Ethernet

10/100Mbps Ethernet circuit integrated into the Vortex processor chip

On-board transformer and termination network for direct connection to Ethernet cabling

Standard Peripheral Interfaces

4 16550-compatible RS-232 ports (2 have RS-422/485 capability)

4 USB 2.0 ports

PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports

The BIOS supports a USB keyboard during BIOS initialization, and it also supports legacy keyboard

emulation via USB for DOS. The USB ports can be used for keyboard and mouse at the same time that

the PS/2 keyboard and mouse are connected.

Mass Storage

44-pin IDE connector for connection to UDMA-100 hard drive or solid state flashdisk module

Mounting spacer for rugged mounting of flashdisk in harsh environment applications

On-board 1.5MB virtual floppy drive in flash memory with FreeDOS pre-installed

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 7

Analog I/O

16 single-ended or 8 differential analog voltage inputs, 16-bit resolution

±1.25V, ±2.5V, ±5V, ±10V, 0-1.25V, 0-2.5V, 0-5V, and 0-10V input ranges

250KHz maximum aggregate A/D sampling rate

Programmable input ranges

Both bipolar and unipolar input ranges

Internal and external A/D triggering

2048-sample A/D FIFO with programmable threshold

Auto-calibration of both A/D and D/A circuits

Four analog voltage outputs, 12-bit resolution

±2.5V, ±5V, ±10V 0-5V, and 0-10V output ranges programmable in software

Digital I/O

Up to 40 programmable digital I/O lines

Enhanced output current capability: +64mA maximum

Counter/Timers

One 24-bit counter/timer for A/D sampling rate control

One 16-bit counter/timer for user counting and timing functions

Programmable gate and count enable

Internal (10MHz) or external clock source

Bus Interfaces

The Vortex86DX processor generates both PCI and ISA buses for I/O expansion. The 33MHz 32-bit PCI bus is

used internally for the Ethernet circuit and is not brought out to a PCI-104 expansion connector.

The 8MHz 16-bit ISA bus is brought out to a standard PC/104 stackthrough connector, enabling 16-bit and 8-bit

modules to be installed either above or below the board. Interrupt and DMA performance is supported on the ISA

bus. Up to 4 I/O boards can be installed on the ISA bus on Helios, depending on the loading characteristics of the

add-on modules.

Battery Backup

Helios contains a backup battery for the real-time clock and BIOS settings. The battery is directly soldered to the

board and provides a minimum 7 year backup lifetime at 25°C. For longer lifetime an external battery of 3.3V +/-

10% may be attached to the board.

Watchdog Timer

Helios contains a watchdog timer (WDT) circuit with a software-programmable timer. The time delay can be

programmed, and the timer can be retriggered with an I/O write command. When the timer times out, it will trigger

an IRQ or system reset depending on the user configuration.

Power Supply

Helios requires only +5V +/-5% for operation. The input power connector provides connections for optional

provision of +/-12V and -5V for pass through to the ISA bus if needed for attached I/O modules.

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 8

3. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

Functional Block Diagram

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 9

4. BOARD DIAGRAM

The diagram below shows the board layout, including connectors, jumper blocks and mounting holes.

Helios Board Layout

2.462 IN

0.080 IN

Helios User Manual Rev B9 www.diamondsystems.com Page 10

5. CONNECTOR AND JUMPER LISTS

5.1 I/O Connectors

Connector

Function

PC/104, ISA bus 8-bit connector (rows A, B)

PC/104, ISA bus 16-bit connector (rows C, D)

PS/2 keyboard/mouse

Input power

I/O power

External battery

Digital I/O

Serial ports COM1-4

LCD backlight

J10

VGA

J11

Ethernet

J12

IDE

J13

LCD interface (LVDS format) on bottom side

J14

Reset, LEDs

J15

USB 0/1

J16

USB 2/3

J17

Data acquisition I/O

J19

Autocalibration connector (factory use)

J20

Jtag for data acquisition FPGA (factory use)

J22

Panel power input

J24

Jtag for Processor / BIOS flash (factory use)

5.2 Configuration Jumpers

Jumper

Description

J18

LCD backlight

J21

DAQ interrupt configuration

J23

Not used

J25

COM1 RS-422/RS-485 configuration

J26

COM2 RS-422/RS-485 configuration

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