Elenco Electronics SNAP CIRCUITS SKILL BUILDER Manuale utente

PROJECTS

1-57

MANUAL

58-126

ONLINE

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

AGES

photocopying, or otherwise without written permission from the publisher. U.S. Patents: 7,144,255; 7,273,377 & patents pending SOURCE CODE: SB-125V1

753124WEB

REV-A

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Click through our table of contents to nd

the projects you want to build!

Project 58-59 p. 1

Project 60-69 p. 2

Project 70-79 p. 6

Project 80-89 p. 10

Project 90-99 p. 13

Project 100-109 p.18

Project 110-119 p.21

Project 120-126 p.26

Project Cut Outs p.30

Project 58 Lift Loss

Build the circuit to the left.

Cover the photoresistor (RP) and turn on the slide switch (S1).

The motor (M1) should spin. If not, give it a push to get it started.

Now uncover the photoresistor or get a ashlight and shine it on

the photoresistor. The motor will slow down as more light reaches

the photoresistor, and will stop spinning if enough light reaches the

photoresistor. This circuit demonstrates how darkness can be used

to control a fan. Try this circuit with and without the fan on the motor.

Project 59 Laser Blaster

This circuit demonstrates

how sounds can be made

for electronic games.

Build the circuit shown on the left.

When you turn on the slide switch (S1), the integrated circuit (U2)

should start sounding a laser gun sound. This integrated circuit is

designed to produce different sounds that can easily be changed. You

can even switch the sound on and off quickly to add sound effects to

your games or recordings.

WARNING: Moving parts. Do not touch the fan

or motor during operation.

Mind Reader Game

Build the circuit below. It uses a paper clip and a

3-Snap Wire as “shorting bars”.

Setup: Player 1 sets the target by placing the

3-snap shorting bar under the paper on column

2, 3 or 4. Player 2 must NOT know where the

shorting bar is located under the paper.

The object is for Player 2 to guess the location by

placing one end of the paper clip on the 5-snap

wire as shown, and the other end of the paper clip

at positions X, Y, or Z and then pressing the press

switch (S2). If Player 2 places the paper clip at

the correct position, the sounds played indicates

a “hit”. He keeps guessing until he hits. After each

hit, remove the 3-snap shorting bar and slide the

switch off and on to reset the sound.

Player 2 then sets the 2, 3, 4 side and player 1

tries his luck.

Play multiple rounds and see who gets the best

overall score. The winner will be the player who is

best at reading his opponent’s mind.

Paper Sheet to

hide position of

shorting bar

Project 60

Don’t Make a Sound

Use the circuit from Project 60, but now place a 3-snap wire and the

LED (D1) as “shorting bars” under the paper sheet as shown on left.

Setup: Player 1 sets the “Quiet Zone” by placing the 3-snap wire

and the LED (D1) under the paper on columns 2, 3 or 4, leaving only

one open. Player 2 must NOT know where these “shorting bars” are

located under the paper.

Both Player 1 and Player 2 are given 10 points. The object is for

Player 2 to guess the location of the “Quiet Zone” by placing the paper

clip at positions X, Y, or Z and pressing the press switch. If Player 2

places the paper clip on the correct column, and a sound plays when

he presses the press switch, this means he has not found the “Quiet

Zone” and he loses 1 point. He has three (3) tries to nd the zone on

each turn. Each time sounds are made he loses a point.

Player 2 then sets the 2, 3 or 4 side and player 1 starts searching. Play

continues until one player is at zero points and makes sound during

that players turn.

Discover the Diode

Diodes are electronic components that allow current to ow in only one

direction, blocking it in the other. The red LED (D1) is a special diode

that can emit light, and the transistor (Q1) can also be used as a pair

of diodes.

Turn on the slide switch (S1), the lamp (L1) will be bright and the

LED (D1) will be lit. The NPN transistor (Q2) is used here as a diode,

allowing the batteries to charge up the 470 mF capacitor (C5) and light

the LED.

Turn off the slide switch, the lamp will go dark immediately but the LED

will stay lit for a few moments as capacitor C5 discharges through it.

The transistor/diode isolates the capacitor from the lamp.

Project 61

Project 62

Paper sheet

to hide

position of

shorting bar

Mixed Up Music

Snappy says there sure are a lot of

different sounds that can be made

with the music and alarm ICs.

In the circuit, the outputs from the alarm and

music ICs are connected together. Build the

circuit shown and then place the alarm IC (U2)

directly over the music IC (U1), resting on two

1-snaps and a 2-snap. Turn on the switch (S1)

and you will hear a siren and music together

while the lamp (L1) varies in brightness.

Modify the last circuit by connecting points Y & Z with a 2-snap (on

level 5). The circuit works the same way but now it sounds like a

machine gun with music.

Project 64 Blaster Disaster

Now remove the 2-snap connection between Y & Z and then make

a 2-snap connection between X & Y (on level 5). The circuit works

the same way but now it sounds like a re engine with music.

Project 65 Siren & Song

Now remove the 2-snap connection between X & Y and then make

a 2-snap connection between W & X (on level 5). The circuit works

the same way but now it sounds like an ambulance with music.

Project 66 Ambulance Song

Project 63

Fuse or Lose

When you close the slide switch (S1), current ows from the batteries

through the slide switch (S1), the lamp (L1), motor (M1), and back to

the battery (B1). Pretend the 2-snap wire marked fuse in the drawing

on the left is a device that will open the circuit if too much current is

taken from the battery. When press switch (S2) is closed, the light is

shorted and motor speed increases due to an increase in current to the

motor. While still holding press switch (S2) down, remove the 2-snap

wire marked fuse and notice how everything stops. Until the fuse is

replaced, the open circuit path protects the electronic parts. If fuses did

not exist, many parts could get hot and even start res. Replace the

2-snap wire and the circuit should return to normal.

Many electronic products in

your home have a fuse that will

open when too much current is

drawn. Can you name some?

Space Battle

Build the circuit shown on the left. Turn on the switch (S1) and you will

hear exciting sounds, as if a space battle is raging!

The motor (M1) is used here as a 3-snap wire, and will not spin.

The preceding circuit is loud and may bother people around you,

so replace the speaker (SP) with the LED (D1). Make sure you

connect the LED with the positive (+) side on A6, not U3. Now you

have a silent space battle.

Project 68 Bizzare Blinker

Project 69

Project 67

WARNING: Moving parts. Do not touch the fan

or motor during operation.

People that are deaf need lights to tell them

when a doorbell is ringing. They also use

circuits like this to tell them if an alarm has

been triggered or an oven is ready.

Can you think of other uses?

Different sounds that can easily be

changed are very important when

designing games and toys.

Wave & Watch

This circuit does not use the noisy speaker (SP) but instead uses a

nice quiet LED (D1). Turn on the slide switch (S1), the LED ickers.

Wait a few seconds, and then cover the photoresistor (RP), and the

icker stops. The icker is controlled by the photoresistor; uncover it

and the icker resumes.

Switching Sounds

Build the circuit shown on the left.

When you close the slide switch (S1),

the integrated circuit (U2) should start sounding an up-down siren. This

is just one more sound effect that this integrated circuit is designed to

produce. Switch the sound on and off quickly and see if you can create

even different effects. This mode will create many robotic sounds if

switched quickly.

Project 70

Project 71

Transistors use a small current to

control a large current, and have three

connection points (the small current,

the larger current, and the combined

current). But they are actually

constructed using two diodes that are

connected together. These diodes

are similar to your LED (light emitting

diode) except that they don’t emit light.

Turn on the switch (S1), the LED

(D1) and lamp (L1) are bright.

This is an unusual circuit which

uses the NPN transistor (Q2) as

two connected diodes to split the

current from the batteries into the

paths with the LED and lamp. If

the LED (D1) does not light, you

may have weak batteries in need

of replacement.

This circuit has four different

types of output. Flip the switch

(S1) several times. The LED (D1)

and lamp (L1) light up, the motor

(M1) spins, and the speaker

(SP) makes a siren sound. If

the LED does not light, you may

have weak batteries that need

replacement.

This is an unusual circuit which

uses the NPN transistor (Q2) as

two connected diodes, to split

the current from the batteries

(B1) into the paths with the LED

and lamp.

The speaker uses electromagnetism to create

changes in air pressure, which your ears feel

and interpret as sound. Think of the speaker

as creating pressure waves in the air just

like waves in a pool. You only see waves in

the pool when you disturb the water, so the

speaker only makes sound when the voltage

changes.

Pop On, Pop Off

Turn the slide switch (S1) on and off several times. You hear static

from the speaker (SP) when you turn off the switch.

Project 72 Project 73

Project 74

WARNING: Moving parts. Do not touch the fan

or motor during operation.

Current Splitter Light Up & Listen

Project 76

Little to Big

Place the fan on the motor (M1) and turn on the slide switch (S1), then compare

this circuit to Project #31. Push the press switch (S2), the lamp doesn’t light now

but the motor still spins.

The lamp is dark because the 100Wresistor (R1) limits the current through it. The

NPN transistor (Q2) uses the small lamp current to create a large current that spins

the motor.

Now replace the 100Wresistor (R1) with the larger 1KWresistor (R2). The motor

spins more slowly now, because the transistor cannot create as large of a motor

current from such a small controlling current.

The lamp is dark because the

photoresistor limits the current

through it. The NPN transistor uses

the small lamp current to create a

large current that spins the motor.

If you tried to control the motor speed

by placing the photoresistor in series

with the motor, the motor would not

spin because the photoresistor would

limit the current. But the photoresistor

can control the motor speed with help

from the transistor. You may need to

shine a light on the photoresistor (RP)

if the motor does not spin.

Compare this circuit to Project 75. It uses the

photoresistor (RP) to control the current to

the NPN transistor (Q2), instead of the press

switch (S2). You can adjust the speed of

the motor (M1) by changing how much light

shines on the photoresistor.

The motor doesn’t spin because the

100Wresistor (R1) limits the current

through it. The NPN transistor (Q2)

uses the small motor current to create

a large current that lights the lamp.

Now replace the 100Wresistor (R1)

with the larger 1KWresistor (R2). The

lamp is only slightly less bright even

though the motor current is much

lower.

Now place the 100Wresistor back in

the circuit and replace the press switch

with the photoresistor (RP). A bright

light on the photoresistor will turn the

lamp on. But if the light is dim, then

the photoresistor has high resistance,

so little current ows through the

transistor and the lamp is off.

Compare this circuit to Project 23. Push the

press switch (S2), the motor (M1) doesn’t

spin now but the lamp (L1) still lights.

Project 75

Project 77

WARNING: Moving parts.

Do not touch the fan or

motor during operation.

WARNING: Moving parts. Do not touch the fan or

motor during operation. Do not lean over motor.

Fan may not rise until switch is released.

Transistors, such as the NPN transistor (Q2), can amplify

electric currents. In this circuit, the small current through the

resistor is used to control a larger current through the motor. A

large resistor value limits the current through the lamp, making

it very dim, but the transistor amplied current is large enough

to still spin the motor.

Light to LightLuminate & Rotate

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