FMA Direct T-80RF Manuale utente

T- 8 0 R F

4-channel microcomputer FM radio control transmitter

User’s guide

Note: Read this manual carefully before operating this product.

FMA, Inc.

5716A Industry Lane

Frederick, MD 21704

Sales: (800) 343-2934 zTechnical: (301) 668-7614

www.fmadirect.com

T-80RF user’s guide – 2 – FMA Direct

Thank you for purchasing the FMA Direct T-80RF radio control

transmitter. This unit provides narrowband FM output with

PPM encoding for radio controlled aircraft and surface craft

(boats, cars and hovercraft). The transmitter operates on any

72MHz RC aircraft channel (11 through 60) or 75MHz surface

channel (61 through 90) when equipped with an appropriate

crystal. It offers user-selectable positive or negative shift, ena-

bling it to work with any 72MHz PPM receiver on the same

channel. The T-80RF uses the latest microprocessor technology

to control every function of the radio and provide such features

as servo reversing on all channels, tri-rates and elevon/V-tail

mixing.

This manual provides information for setting up and using the

T-80RF transmitter. Please read it carefully before using the

transmitter. The manual contains sections covering:

Safety precautions

Other radio components you’ll need

Identifying transmitter components

Installing the antenna

Powering the transmitter

Setting up the radio system

Conducting a radio system preflight check

Troubleshooting

Introduction T-80RF features

Frequency selection. The T-80RF can transmit on any one

of the fifty 72MHz or 75 MHz channels (11 through 90)

allocated for radio controlled aircraft. One crystal is

provided for the channel you selected when you purchased

the transmitter. (According to F.C.C regulations, you cannot

change the crystal in your transmitter unless you are a valid

holder of an F.C.C. Second Class or First Class Operator’s

License.)

Mixing. The T-80RF can be set to mix elevator and aileron

controls for use with aircraft incorporating elevons (for

example, flying wings) or V-tails. (For best results, center

control surfaces mechanically after trimming in flight.)

Servo reversing. Switches conveniently located on the

front panel change the direction of servo rotation. This

enables you to install servos and linkages in the best

mechanical configuration, then simply change a switch to

obtain the correct direction of motion.

Tri-rates. Tri-rates, set by a switch on the front of the

transmitter, desensitize controls while you are learning to fly

(beginners tend to over-control). The T-80RF provides 50%

and 75% throws (in addition to the full 100% throw)

simultaneously on the aileron, elevator and rudder channels.

The T80RF is particularly useful for reducing the throw on

small aircraft using short control horns.

Trims. Each of the four channels has a trim adjustment to

compensate for variations in the model and local flying

conditions.

Battery indicator. Transmitter battery status is displayed

when the transmitter is on, enabling you to check for safe

battery power level at a glance.

Selectable frequency shift. The T-80RF can be used with

any narrowband FM PPM receiver you already own.

Ergonomic design. Ribbed case and concave stick tips give

you a solid grip on the transmitter and controls, allowing

you focus on smooth and safe operation of your model.

Recessed power switch helps prevent accidental shut-off.

Function 4-channel computer-controlled FM radio control transmitter

Size 6.75" wide x 2.6" deep x 6.25" high (including handle, not including antenna)

Weight 15.6 oz. (without batteries)

Frequencies All U.S. 72 and 75 MHz radio controlled aircraft frequencies: Channel 11 through Channel 90

Power 8 AA alkaline batteries or optional 8-cell, 600 milliamp NiCad battery pack

Current drain 185 milliamps

RF output power 400 milliwatts

Encoding PPM (universal, selectable positive or negative shift)

Operating pulse width 1.0 milliseconds to 2.0 milliseconds (1.5 milliseconds neutral) on each channel

F.C.C. ID KH8-RFD1

T-80RF specifications

FMA Direct – 3 – T-80RF user’s guide

Safety precautions

Radio controlled models are not toys! Please observe these

safety precautions:

Follow all instructions in this manual to assure safe

operation.

If you have not assembled and operated a radio controlled

model before, obtain help from an experienced modeler.

You will need guidance to successfully assemble, test and

operate radio controlled models. One of the best ways to

obtain help is to join your local radio control club.

Never fly radio controlled airplanes near people, buildings,

telephone or power lines, cars, trees or other objects on the

ground or in the air.

Keep your radio controlled models and equipment away

from children. Do not allow unauthorized people of any age

to operate radio controlled models without proper

supervision from an experienced modeler.

In some areas of the country, you cannot legally operate

radio controlled models except at approved fields. Check

with local authorities first.

Observe frequency control. If someone else is operating a

radio controlled model on the same channel as your

transmitter, do not turn on your transmitter—even for a

short time. Your transmitter’s channel number is marked

on the crystal cover (see next page). When a model receives

signals from two transmitters on the same channel at the

same time, it cannot be controlled and will crash—possibly

causing personal injury or property damage. For safety,

most RC flying fields have formal frequency control

rules. Follow them carefully.

Do not operate your radio control transmitter within 3 miles

of a flying field. Even at a distance, your transmitter can

cause interference.

Do not operate radio controlled models and equipment in the

rain, or at night.

Protect all electronic equipment from exposure to rain,

water, high humidity and high temperatures.

Discard batteries in accordance with local waste disposal

and recycling regulations.

FMA Direct recommends that you join the AMA. They can

help you find a club in your area.

Academy of Model Aeronautics

5161 East Memorial Drive

Muncie, Indiana 47302

Phone: (800) 435-9262

Web: www.modelaircraft.org

Besides the T-80RF transmitter, you’ll need:

Receiver, operating on the same radio control channel as the

transmitter.

Switch harness.

Servos for moving aircraft control surfaces.

Optional extension cable for connecting aileron servo to

receiver.

For an engine-powered aircraft: additional servo (for

controlling engine speed), and battery pack to supply power

to receiver and servos.

For an electric motor-powered aircraft: electronic speed

control (for controlling electric motor speed and supplying

power to receiver and servos).

Other radio components you’ll need

Tip: FMA Direct carries a full line of compatible receiv-

ers, servos, electronic speed controls, battery packs,

chargers and related flight equipment.

1. Locate the end of the antenna having the threaded hole.

2. Gently slide that end of the antenna into the antenna hole in

the top of the transmitter, until the antenna can’t be slid in

any farther (don’t force it).

3. Gently rotate the antenna clockwise (as seen from the top).

Stop rotating when the antenna is secure.

Installing the antenna

T-80RF user’s guide – 4 – FMA Direct

Identifying transmitter components

Antenna

Carrying handle

Battery condition indicator

Left stick

Power switch Neck strap hook

Trims

NiCad battery charging jack

Servo reversing switches

Function switches: mixing, tri-rates

and positive/negative shift

Crystal cover

Note: Look here for your

transmitter’s channel number

Right stick

FMA Direct – 5 – T-80RF user’s guide

The T-80RF can be powered either by alkaline batteries or by

an optional rechargeable NiCad battery pack. You selected

the type of power when you purchased the transmitter. Fol-

low the instructions on this page for your power system.

Installing alkaline batteries

1. Remove the battery cover: push inward on the cover where

it is marked “Push,” then slide the cover toward the

bottom of the transmitter.

2. Install 8 fresh AA alkaline cells according to the polarity

markings in the battery compartment.

3. Replace the battery cover: position the cover over the

battery chamber, insert the cover tabs into the slots in the

transmitter body, then slide the cover toward the top of the

transmitter.

1. Turn the T-80RF on by sliding the power switch to the up

position.

2. Observe the battery condition indicator light (just above

the power switch):

3. Turn the T-80RF off by sliding the power switch to the

down position.

Powering the transmitter

Tip: Alkaline batteries should last for about 10 hours

of operation. Take an extra set to the flying field, in

case the set in the transmitter becomes unusable.

Using the optional NiCad batteries

If you ordered the NiCad battery option, the battery pack was

installed at the factory and you do not need to install it. How-

ever, you must charge the battery pack for 24 hours before us-

ing the transmitter for the first time. Charge the battery pack

using the included charger.

Charging the NiCad batteries

1. Turn off the T-80RF by sliding its power switch to the down

position.

2. Connect the charger’s transmitter connector to the Charge

jack on the front of the T-80RF.

3. If you also need to charge a receiver battery pack, connect

the charger’s receiver connector to the pack.

4. Plug the charger into a standard 120VAC wall outlet. If the

batteries are properly connected and charging, the charger’s

corresponding indicator light will glow.

5. Before first use, charge the batteries for 24 hours. Then,

before each flying session, charge the batteries for 10 to 12

hours.

Caring for NiCad batteries

NiCad batteries, if properly maintained, will provide long life.

About once per month, you should fully discharge NiCad bat-

teries, then fully charge them. This helps prevent NiCad

“memory” effects, which can lead to lower capacity and false

indications of proper charge level.

Tip: After initial battery charging, a field charger can

recharge transmitter, receiver and/or flight pack NiCad

batteries in as little as 20 minutes from a 12 volt stor-

age or automobile battery. This is convenient when

you need to charge batteries and there isn’t a 120VAC

outlet nearby to supply power for a wall plug-in type

charger. The FMA Direct catalog lists several peak-

detecting field chargers (or visit www.fmadirect.com on

the Web). Please read and follow the instructions that

come with your field charger before fast-charging any

battery pack.

Tip: FMA Direct offers battery management systems

that help keep batteries in top condition.

Note: The NiCad battery pack is permanently installed

in the T-80RF. If it needs to be replaced, please return

the T-80RF to an FMA service center.

Note: Check the battery indicator periodically during

each session. If you are flying an airplane and the bat-

tery indicator turns red, land the plane immediately.

Green Transmitter is ready for use.

Yellow Batteries are approaching a depleted state.

Avoid using the transmitter until batteries have

been replaced or recharged.

Red Batteries are depleted, and must be replaced or

recharged before you can use the transmitter.

No color Batteries are dead, and must be replaced or

recharged before you can use the transmitter.

Note: You cannot charge the T-80RF NiCad battery

pack if the transmitter is on.

Determining battery condition

CAUTION: If you are at or near a flying field, ob-

serve frequency control rules and comply with local

procedures before turning on your transmitter. When

the transmitter is on—even for a few seconds, it is

radiating radio frequencies which may interfere with

a radio system already operating on the same fre-

quency.

T-80RF user’s guide – 6 – FMA Direct

Setting up the radio system

A. Set transmitter frequency shift.

The T-80RF works with any narrowband FM receiver with

PPM decoding. You must, however, set the transmitter’s fre-

quency shift to match the receiver you will be using. Check the

receiver’s specifications to determine whether it uses positive or

negative shift. Universal receivers can be set to either positive

or negative shift, so check the receiver to determine its configu-

ration.

1. Locate the PPM switch in the Functions section on the T-

80RF front panel.

2. Set the switch as follows:

B. Set mixing.

If your airplane is equipped with elevons or a V-tail, you’ll need

to activate mixing. If your plane has conventional controls

(ailerons, elevator, rudder), mixing must be off.

1. Locate the Mix switch in the Functions section on the

T-80RF front panel.

2. Using a very small flat-blade screwdriver, set the Mix

switch as follows:

CAUTION: Be sure to check and, if necessary,

change the PPM frequency shift setting when using a

different receiver.

For a... such as... move switch...

Negative shift

receiver

FMA, Futaba, Hitec

and most others

Down (off)

Positive shift

receiver

JR, Airtronics/Sanwa Up (on)

Note: If your flying wing or V-tail aircraft is equipped

with an electronic mixer, set T-80RF mixing to off.

CAUTION: Be sure to check and, if necessary,

change the Mix switch when you use the transmitter

with a aircraft having a different control configuration.

For... set Mix switch...

Conventional controls (ailerons,

elevator, rudder) or electronic mixer in

aircraft

Down (off)

Elevons or V-tail Up (on)

About mixing

The T-80RF has 50-50 bi-directional mixing between the eleva-

tor and aileron channels. For each degree of elevator motion,

the aileron channel moves an equal amount. And for each de-

gree of aileron motion, the elevator moves an equal amount. In

the model, two servos move the elevons or V-tail surfaces. With

this kind of control configuration, the servos are called the right

servo and left servo (instead of aileron servo and elevator

servo).

With mixing, when you move the transmitter’s elevator stick, the

control surfaces move to make the airplane go up or down.

When you move the transmitter’s aileron stick, the control sur-

faces move to make the airplane yaw/roll left or right.

Tip: Mixing frees the rudder channel for another func-

tion. You could, for example, use the rudder channel

for flaps, retracts, to drop a parachute or push the

shutter button of an on-board camera.

FMA Direct – 7 – T-80RF user’s guide

C. Set the control throws.

Control throw refers to how far an airplane’s control surfaces

move in response to the maximum movement of the corre-

sponding control stick on the transmitter. You must set control

throws with the T-80RF’s tri-rate at 100%.

1. Install the servos, linkages, receiver, switch harness and

receiver battery in the aircraft according to instructions

supplied with those items. (If you purchased an FMA flight

pack, refer to the manual supplied with it.)

2. Be sure the servos are connected to the receiver as follows:

3. Locate the 50% and 75% switches in the Functions section

on the T-80RF front panel.

4. Using a very small flat-blade screwdriver, move the 50%

and 75% switches to the down (off) position. This sets the

tri-rate feature to 100% so you can initially set up the

control surfaces.

5. Set all four transmitter trims to their centered positions.

6. Turn on the transmitter, then turn on the receiver.

7. With the transmitter control sticks centered, make sure that

the control surfaces are in their neutral positions. If a

control is offset from neutral, adjust the appropriate linkage.

8. Set each control surface to the amount of travel

recommended by the airplane’s manufacturer. Do this by

changing the location of the clevis in the servo arm and/or

control horn holes.

Example: If the manufacturer specifies a 1/2" control throw

for the elevator, then the elevator trailing edge should move

1/2" up or down from its neutral position when you move

the transmitter’s elevator stick all the way up or all the way

down.

9. Using the table below, set the tri-rate to match your skill

level. If you are a beginner, ask your instructor for advice

(the instructor may want to test the aircraft at 100%, then

select a different setting before letting you control the

Setting up the radio system — continued

Note: At this point, don’t use the transmitter trims to

set control surfaces to their neutral positions—make

only mechanical adjustments in the linkages. This

assures that the servos and their corresponding con-

trol surfaces are in their neutral positions at the same

time.

For this skill level... set

50% switch...

and set

75% switch...

Beginner (50% rate) Up (on) Down (off)

Intermediate (75% rate) Down (off) Up (on)

Advanced (100% rate) Down (off) Down (off)

Connect this servo... to this FMA receiver* channel...

Elevator 1

Aileron 2

Throttle or

speed control

Rudder 4

*If used with receivers from other manufacturers, channel order

may be different. Check your receiver’s manual for channel as-

signments. If you aren’t sure about channel assignments: a) plug

one servo into one receiver channel, and move the transmitter

sticks to determine which stick is associated with that channel, then

b) move the servo to other channels and repeat.

Note: The 50% and 75% tri-rates simultaneously

desensitize the aileron, elevator and rudder controls.

CAUTION: If you are at or near a flying field, ob-

serve frequency control rules and comply with local

procedures before turning on your transmitter. When

the transmitter is on—even for a few seconds, it is

radiating radio frequencies which may interfere with

a radio system already operating on the same fre-

quency.

T-80RF user’s guide – 8 – FMA Direct

D. Set control throw directions (servo reversing).

You must assure that the aircraft’s control surfaces and throttle

move in the correct directions. If they move in the incorrect di-

rections, you will not be able to control your airplane.

1. Turn on the transmitter, then turn on the receiver.

2. Move each control stick on the transmitter, and compare the

airplane’s control surfaces and throttle with the pictures on

this page and the next page (depending on your airplane’s

configuration).

3. If a surface or the throttle moves in the wrong direction, use

a small flat-blade screwdriver to change the position of the

corresponding channel switch in the Reverse section of the

transmitter’s front panel. Check control movement again.

Setting up the radio system — continued

Conventional controls

Rear view

Roll control (aileron, channel 2*)

Roll right

Roll left

Rear view

Pitch control (elevator, channel 1*)

Pitch up

Pitch down

Rear view

Yaw control (rudder, channel 4*)

Yaw right

Yaw left

CAUTION: If you are at or near a flying field, ob-

serve frequency control rules and comply with local

procedures before turning on your transmitter. When

the transmitter is on—even for a few seconds, it is

radiating radio frequencies which may interfere with

a radio system already operating on the same fre-

quency.

FMA Direct – 9 – T-80RF user’s guide

Setting up the radio system — continued

*Note: Channels assignments are for the T-80RF

and correspond to the servo reversing switches.

Elevon controls V-tail controls

Throttle control (channel 3*)

Idle

Full speed

Rear view

Roll control (channel 2*)

Roll right

Roll left

Rear view

Pitch control (channel 1*)

Pitch up

Pitch down

Rear view

Roll control (channel 2*)

Roll right

Roll left

Rear view

Pitch control (channel 1*)

Pitch up

Pitch down

Note: Stick movements and control throws shown

on these pages are exaggerated for clarity. Nor-

mal flying requires only small stick movements.

T-80RF user’s guide – 10 – FMA Direct

Before starting and flying any aircraft, you should perform a

thorough preflight check of the propeller, engine/motor, air-

frame, control surfaces, linkages and many other parts. Details

are beyond the scope of this manual, but the steps below cover

typical radio system check-out.

1. Check receiver battery voltage with an extended range

voltmeter. (A standard voltmeter isn’t effective for checking

receiver batteries. An extended range voltmeter applies a

load, which simulates typical use conditions for more

accurate measurement of battery voltage.)

2. Assure servos, switch harness and receiver battery are

securely connected.

3. Assure receiver antenna is deployed.

4. Assure transmitter antenna is secure. Tighten if necessary.

5. Extend transmitter antenna to its full length.

6. Check transmitter battery condition: turn on the transmitter

and observe the battery indicator above the power switch. If

it is green, the transmitter is ready to use.

7. Check tri-rate switches to assure they are set to match your

skill level.

8. Turn on receiver.

9. Check for proper control directions: move all four

transmitter sticks—one at a time—and observe the

corresponding control surfaces and throttle. Change servo

reversing and/or mixing settings as needed.

10.Assure control linkages move freely. Correct any linkage

binding. (Binding linkages can rapidly deplete the receiver

battery.)

11. Perform a range check to assure the airplane can be safely

controlled by the transmitter at a distance. (If you don’t

know how to perform a range check, ask your instructor or

get help from an experienced modeler. FMA flight pack

manuals contain range check distances.)

After starting the engine and before taking off, check the con-

trols again. Engine vibration may reveal loose connections or

other radio system problems. If the radio system doesn’t per-

form perfectly, stop the engine and correct any problems.

Conducting a radio system preflight check

CAUTION: If you are at or near a flying field, ob-

serve frequency control rules and comply with local

procedures before turning on your transmitter. When

the transmitter is on—even for a few seconds, it is

radiating radio frequencies which may interfere with

a radio system already operating on the same fre-

quency.

Many “shootdowns” occur during pre-flight

checks. You must coordinate with other flyers so

that two transmitters are never transmitting on the

same channel at the same time.

About FMA

FMA, Inc. has been designing innovative radio control elec-

tronics for more than 30 years. FMA designs are known for

their high quality and reliable performance. Since 1994, FMA

Direct has assembled an impressive line of more than 300 radio

control products available through dealers and directly from the

company, backed up by solid customer support. Please visit the

FMA Web site (www.fmadirect.com) for the latest information

about our products.

Products available from FMA Direct include:

Dual conversion receivers: 4, 5, 6 and 8 channels; sub-

micro, micro and standard sizes; 72MHz, 75MHz and 6

meters.

Servos: micro, mini, standard and high torque.

Flight packs: including receiver, servos and battery pack or

speed control.

Electronic speed controls: for RC cars, airplanes and boats.

Electric motors and propulsion systems.

Field chargers and battery management systems.

Electric airplanes: including the Razor flying wing.

Battery packs: for receivers, transmitters and electric flight.

And many other radio control components and accessories.

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