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Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

Operation Manual

2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Page ii Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

The information in this manual applies to 2500B Series instruments manufactured after the following date and serial

numbers:

Date:

July 1, 2011

Serial Number:

1125001

Code:

For information on previously manufactured instruments, refer to the manual that came with the instrument.

All technical data and specifications in this publication are subject to change without prior notice and do not represent a

commitment on the part of Giga-tronics, Incorporated.

Warranty

Giga-tronics 2500B Series instruments are warranted against defective

materials and workmanship for one year from date of shipment. Giga-tronics

will at its option repair or replace products that are proven defective during the

warranty period. This warranty DOES NOT cover damage resulting from

improper use, nor workmanship other than Giga-tronics service. There is no

implied warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, nor is Giga-tronics liable

for any consequential damages. Specification and price change privileges are

reserved by Giga-tronics.

CONTACT INFORMATION

Giga-tronics, Incorporated

4650 Norris Canyon Road

San Ramon, California 94583

Telephone: 800.726.4442 (only within the United States)

925.328.4650

Fax: 925.328.4700

On the Internet: www.gigatronics.com

Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011 Page iii

Regulatory Compliance Information

This product complies with the essential requirements of the following applicable European Directives, and

carries the CE mark accordingly.

Low Voltage Directive

73/23/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC

EMC Directive

89/336/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC

Electrical Safety

EN61010-1 (1993)

EMC –Emissions and Immunity

EN61326-1 (1997)

Manufacturer’s Name:

Manufacturer’s Address

Giga-tronics, Incorporated

4650 Norris Canyon Road

San Ramon, California 94583

U.S.A.

Type of Equipment:

Model Series Number

Microwave Signal Generator

2500B Series

Model Numbers:

2502B, 2508B, 2520B,

2526B, 2540B, 2550B

Declaration of Conformity on file. Contact Giga-tronics at the following;

Giga-tronics, Incorporated

4650 Norris Canyon Road

San Ramon, California 94583

Telephone: 800.726.4442 (only within the United States)

925.328.4650

Fax: 925.328.4700

Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Page iv Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

Record of changes to this Manual

Use the table below to maintain a permanent record of changes to this document. Replacement pages are issued as a

TPCI (Technical Publication Change Instruction), and must be inserted at the front of the manual’s binder. Remove the

corresponding old pages, insert the new pages, and record the changes here. Do the same thing with TPCI pages that are

issued after you have received this manual.

TPCI Number

TPCI Issue Date

Date Entered

Comments

Giga-tronics Series 2500B Microwave Signal Generators

Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011 Page v

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1SAFETY AND MANUAL CONVENTIONS.................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Unsafe Operating Conditions........................................................................................................................................1

1.2 Safety and Manual Conventions ...................................................................................................................................1

1.3 Personal Safety Alert.....................................................................................................................................................1

1.4 Equipment Safety Alert .................................................................................................................................................1

1.5 Notes .............................................................................................................................................................................1

1.6 Graphic Symbols for Front Panel Buttons.....................................................................................................................2

CHAPTER 2INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................. 3

2.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................3

2.2 Giga-tronics 2500B Microwave Signal Generator Summary.........................................................................................3

2.3 Configuration Information ............................................................................................................................................4

2.3.1 Special Configurations ........................................................................................................................................... 4

2.4 Receiving and Inspection ..............................................................................................................................................5

2.5 Prepare the 2500B for Use............................................................................................................................................6

2.5.1 Cooling Considerations ..........................................................................................................................................6

2.5.2 AC Power Requirements ........................................................................................................................................6

2.5.3 Start-up the 2500B................................................................................................................................................. 7

2.5.4 Reset the 2500B to Factory-Default Values...........................................................................................................8

2.5.5 Replace the AC Line Fuse .......................................................................................................................................9

2.6 Shipping, Repair, and Calibration................................................................................................................................10

2.6.1 Shipping the 2500B ..............................................................................................................................................10

2.6.2 Repairs .................................................................................................................................................................10

2.6.3 Calibration............................................................................................................................................................10

2.7 2500B Front Panel.......................................................................................................................................................11

2.7.1 Menus ..................................................................................................................................................................14

2.7.2 Menu Structure....................................................................................................................................................16

2.7.3 Access the Menus ................................................................................................................................................17

2.7.4 Softkeys................................................................................................................................................................ 17

2.7.5 Modify Menu Parameters.................................................................................................................................... 17

2.7.6 Modify the Step Size ............................................................................................................................................18

2.8 2500B Rear Panel ........................................................................................................................................................19

CHAPTER 3CW OPERATION ............................................................................................................................................. 22

3.1 CW Menu Description .................................................................................................................................................22

3.2 Generate a CW Signal..................................................................................................................................................24

CHAPTER 4RAMP OPERATION .......................................................................................................................................... 27

4.1 Ramp Menu Description .............................................................................................................................................27

4.2 Generate a Frequency-Swept Signal...........................................................................................................................34

4.3 Generate a Power-Swept Signal..................................................................................................................................35

CHAPTER 5MODULATION OPERATION................................................................................................................................ 36

5.1 AM Menu Description .................................................................................................................................................36

5.2 Generate an Internally Modulated AM Signal ............................................................................................................40

Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Page vi Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

5.3 Generate an Externally Modulated AM Signal............................................................................................................41

5.4 FM Menu Description .................................................................................................................................................44

5.5 Generate an Internally Modulated FM Signal.............................................................................................................50

5.6 Generate an Externally Modulated FM Signal ............................................................................................................52

5.7 Generate an Externally Phase Modulated Signal........................................................................................................54

5.8 Pulse Modulation (PM) Menu Description .................................................................................................................56

5.9 Generate an External Pulse-Modulated Signal ...........................................................................................................65

CHAPTER 6SPECIAL MODES ............................................................................................................................................. 67

6.1 Use Cable Correction...................................................................................................................................................68

6.2 Use External ALC .........................................................................................................................................................71

6.3 Use the External Reference Input ...............................................................................................................................74

CHAPTER 7SYSTEM MENUS ............................................................................................................................................. 75

7.1 System Menus Description .........................................................................................................................................75

7.2 Use the Ref Tune Function..........................................................................................................................................80

CHAPTER 8LANGUAGE MENUS ......................................................................................................................................... 82

8.1 Language Menu Description .......................................................................................................................................82

CHAPTER 9PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION............................................................................................................................ 86

9.1 Specifications ..............................................................................................................................................................86

9.2 Performance Verification Procedures.......................................................................................................................100

9.2.1 List of Performance Verification Procedures ..................................................................................................... 100

9.2.2 Datasheets .........................................................................................................................................................101

9.2.3 Test Equipment..................................................................................................................................................101

9.2.4 Frequency Range, Resolution, and Accuracy .....................................................................................................102

9.2.5 Spectral Purity.................................................................................................................................................... 103

9.2.6 Maximum Leveled Power ..................................................................................................................................106

9.2.7 Level Accuracy....................................................................................................................................................108

9.2.8 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy.........................................................................................................................110

9.2.9 Amplitude Modulation Accuracy .......................................................................................................................113

9.2.10 Amplitude Modulation Bandwidth ..................................................................................................................116

9.2.11 Frequency Modulation Accuracy - Low Rate ................................................................................................... 118

9.2.12 Frequency Modulation Accuracy - High Rate ..................................................................................................121

9.2.13 Pulse Modulation: Rise and Fall Time..............................................................................................................123

9.2.14 Pulse Modulation: Pulse Power Level Accuracy ..............................................................................................126

9.2.15 Pulse Modulation: Pulse On/Off Ratio.............................................................................................................128

APPENDIX AACCESSORIES AND OPTIONS .......................................................................................................................... 130

A.1 2500B Accessory & Option List .................................................................................................................................130

APPENDIX BERROR MESSAGES ....................................................................................................................................... 132

B.1 Start-up Error Messages ...........................................................................................................................................132

B.2 NV RAM Messages ....................................................................................................................................................134

B.3 Remote Error Messages............................................................................................................................................135

Giga-tronics Series 2500B Microwave Signal Generators

Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011 Page vii

List of Tables

Table 1: 2500B Serial Number Label ....................................................................................................................................... 4

Table 2: Receiving and Inspection of the 2500B.....................................................................................................................5

Table 3: 2500B AC Power and Fuse Specifications .................................................................................................................6

Table 4: Start-Up the 2500B....................................................................................................................................................7

Table 5: Reset the 2500B to Default Values............................................................................................................................8

Table 6: Replace the 2500B Line Fuse.....................................................................................................................................9

Table 7: Contacting Giga-tronics Customer Service..............................................................................................................10

Table 8: 2500B Front Panel ................................................................................................................................................... 12

Table 9: 2500B Display Description....................................................................................................................................... 14

Table 10: Modify a Menu Parameter....................................................................................................................................17

Table 11: Change the Step Size of a Parameter ....................................................................................................................18

Table 12: 2500B Rear Panel ..................................................................................................................................................20

Table 13: CW Menu...............................................................................................................................................................23

Table 14: Generate a CW Signal............................................................................................................................................ 24

Table 15: Ramp Menus .........................................................................................................................................................28

Table 16: Generate a Frequency Swept Signal .....................................................................................................................34

Table 17: Generate a Power Swept Signal ............................................................................................................................35

Table 18: AM Menus.............................................................................................................................................................37

Table 19: Generate an Internally Modulated AM Signal ...................................................................................................... 40

Table 20: Generate an Externally Modulated AM Signal...................................................................................................... 42

Table 21: FM Menus .............................................................................................................................................................45

Table 22: Generate an Internally Modulated FM Signal....................................................................................................... 50

Table 23: Generate an Externally Modulated FM Signal ......................................................................................................52

Table 24: Generate an Externally Phase Modulated Signal..................................................................................................54

Table 25: PM Menus .............................................................................................................................................................57

Table 26: Generate an Externally Pulse Modulated Signal...................................................................................................66

Table 27: Use Cable Correction.............................................................................................................................................69

Table 28: External ALC Using a Crystal (Diode) Detector...................................................................................................... 72

Table 29: External ALC Using a Power Meter .......................................................................................................................73

Table 30: Use an External Frequency Reference ..................................................................................................................74

Table 31: System Menus ....................................................................................................................................................... 76

Table 32: System Menu - Connectivity ................................................................................................................................. 77

Table 33: System Menu –Service Submenu.........................................................................................................................78

Table 34: System Menu –Ethernet Submenu .......................................................................................................................79

Table 35: Use the Ref Tune Feature......................................................................................................................................81

Table 36: Language Menus ...................................................................................................................................................83

Table 37: General Specifications........................................................................................................................................... 86

Table 38: 2500B Series Model Frequency Ranges ................................................................................................................88

Table 39: Frequency Specifications.......................................................................................................................................88

Table 40: Frequency Bands ................................................................................................................................................... 89

Table 41: Spectral Purity .......................................................................................................................................................90

Table 42: General Power Specifications................................................................................................................................91

Table 43: Maximum Leveled Output Power in dBm - Standard ...........................................................................................91

Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Page viii Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

Table 44: Maximum Leveled Output Power in dBm - Option 20.......................................................................................... 92

Table 45: Minimum Leveled RF Output Power In dBm.........................................................................................................93

Table 46: RF Power level Accuracy in dB ..............................................................................................................................93

Table 48: SSB Phase Noise - Option 28A...............................................................................................................................94

Table 49: SSB Phase Noise - Option 28B ...............................................................................................................................94

Table 50: Frequency and Power Sweep................................................................................................................................94

Table 51: Amplitude Modulation..........................................................................................................................................95

Table 52: Frequency Modulation..........................................................................................................................................95

Table 53: Phase Modulation .................................................................................................................................................96

Table 54: Pulse Modulation ..................................................................................................................................................96

Table 55: List Mode............................................................................................................................................................... 97

Table 56: External ALC .......................................................................................................................................................... 97

Table 57: Internal Modulation Generator............................................................................................................................. 98

Table 58: Remote Programming ...........................................................................................................................................99

Table 59: List of Performance Verification Procedures ......................................................................................................100

Table 60: Equipment for 2500B Performance Verification.................................................................................................101

Table 61: Frequency Range, Resolution, and Accuracy ......................................................................................................102

Table 62: Datasheet 1: Frequency Range, Resolution, and Accuracy.................................................................................103

Table 63: Spectral Purity .....................................................................................................................................................104

Table 64: Datasheet 2: Spectral Purity................................................................................................................................105

Table 65: Maximum Leveled Power....................................................................................................................................106

Table 66: Datasheet 3: Maximum Leveled Power ..............................................................................................................107

Table 67: Level Accuracy.....................................................................................................................................................108

Table 68: Datasheet 4: Level Accuracy ...............................................................................................................................109

Table 69: Step Attenuator Level Accuracy .......................................................................................................................... 111

Table 70: Datasheet 5: Step Attenuator Level Accuracy Test.............................................................................................112

Table 71: Amplitude Modulation Accuracy ........................................................................................................................ 114

Table 72: Datasheet 6: Amplitude Modulation Accuracy Test ...........................................................................................115

Table 73: Amplitude Modulation Bandwidth .....................................................................................................................116

Table 74: Datasheet 7: Amplitude Modulation Bandwidth ................................................................................................117

Table 75: Frequency Modulation Accuracy - Low Rate.......................................................................................................119

Table 76: Datasheet 8: FM Accuracy - Low Rate.................................................................................................................120

Table 77: Frequency Modulation Accuracy - High Rate......................................................................................................121

Table 78: Datasheet 9: FM Accuracy - High Rate................................................................................................................ 122

Table 79: Pulse Modulation: Rise and Fall Time .................................................................................................................124

Table 80: Datasheet 10: Pulse Modulation Rise and Fall Time Test ...................................................................................125

Table 81: Pulse Modulation: Pulse Level Accuracy ............................................................................................................. 127

Table 82: Pulse Modulation: On/Off Ratio..........................................................................................................................129

Table 83: 2500B Add-on Accessories and Options .............................................................................................................130

Table 84: Start-up Error Messages......................................................................................................................................133

Table 85: 2500B Remote Error Messages ...........................................................................................................................135

Giga-tronics Series 2500B Microwave Signal Generators

Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011 Page ix

List of Figures

Figure 1: 2500B Start Up.........................................................................................................................................................7

Figure 2: 2500B Fuse Holder ................................................................................................................................................... 9

Figure 3: 2520B Front Panel..................................................................................................................................................11

Figure 4: Functional Areas of the 2500B Display ..................................................................................................................14

Figure 5: Structure of the 2500B Menus...............................................................................................................................16

Figure 6: 2500B Rear Panel ................................................................................................................................................... 19

Figure 7: CW Menu ...............................................................................................................................................................22

Figure 8: Power Offset Example............................................................................................................................................23

Figure 9: Ramp Main Menu .................................................................................................................................................. 27

Figure 10: Ramp Freq Start/Stop Sweep Menu ....................................................................................................................28

Figure 11: Ramp Freq Center/Span Sweep Menu................................................................................................................. 29

Figure 12: Ramp Power Sweep Menu................................................................................................................................... 30

Figure 13: Step Freq Sweep Menu........................................................................................................................................31

Figure 14: Intensity Marker Menu ........................................................................................................................................ 32

Figure 15: Amplitude Marker Menu ..................................................................................................................................... 33

Figure 16: AM Main Menu and Submenus ...........................................................................................................................36

Figure 17: AM External Menu ...............................................................................................................................................37

Figure 18: AM Internal Waveform ........................................................................................................................................38

Figure 19: AM - Internal Noise Menu....................................................................................................................................39

Figure 20: FM Main Menu and Submenus............................................................................................................................ 44

Figure 21: FM External Menu................................................................................................................................................ 45

Figure 22: DC FM Menu ........................................................................................................................................................ 46

Figure 23: FM Internal Menu ................................................................................................................................................ 47

Figure 24: ΦM External Menu .............................................................................................................................................. 48

Figure 25: ΦM Internal Menu ...............................................................................................................................................49

Figure 26: PM Main Menu and Submenus ...........................................................................................................................56

Figure 27: PM External Menu ...............................................................................................................................................57

Figure 28: PM Internal Continuous Menu ............................................................................................................................ 58

Figure 29: PM Internal Gated Menu .....................................................................................................................................59

Figure 30: PM Internal Triggered Menu................................................................................................................................61

Figure 31: PM Burst Mode Menu.......................................................................................................................................... 63

Figure 32: PM Burst Mode Menu 2.......................................................................................................................................64

Figure 33: Pulse Modulation Using an External Modulation Source .................................................................................... 65

Figure 34: 8650A/B Universal Power Meter; Front Panel Controls ...................................................................................... 69

Figure 35: Cable Connection Setup....................................................................................................................................... 70

Figure 36: Setup for External ALC .........................................................................................................................................71

Figure 37: System Main Menu and Submenus .....................................................................................................................75

Figure 38: System Menu .......................................................................................................................................................76

Figure 39: Connectivity Menu...............................................................................................................................................77

Figure 40: Service Menu .......................................................................................................................................................78

Figure 41: Ethernet Menu.....................................................................................................................................................79

Figure 42: Reference Tune Setup..........................................................................................................................................80

Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Page x Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

Figure 43: Ref Tune Input Circuit ..........................................................................................................................................80

Figure 44: Language Menu 1.................................................................................................................................................82

Figure 45: Language Menu 2.................................................................................................................................................84

Figure 46: Language Menu 3.................................................................................................................................................85

Figure 47: 2500B Mechanical Specifications......................................................................................................................... 87

Figure 48: Setup; Frequency Range, Resolution, and Accuracy..........................................................................................102

Figure 49: Spectral Purity Test Setup..................................................................................................................................104

Figure 50: Power Specifications Test Setup ........................................................................................................................106

Figure 51: Step Attenuator Level Accuracy Test Setup.......................................................................................................110

Figure 52: Amplitude Modulation Accuracy and Bandwidth Test Setup............................................................................ 113

Figure 53: Frequency Modulation Accuracy and Deviation Bandwidth Test Setup ...........................................................118

Figure 54: Pulse Modulation Rise and Fall Time Test .........................................................................................................123

Figure 55: Pulse Modulation Level Accuracy Test Setup ....................................................................................................126

Figure 56: Pulse Modulation On/Off Ratio Test Setup .......................................................................................................128

Figure 57: Checksum Test Failure Screen ...........................................................................................................................134