H3C S9500 Series Manuale utente

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 RMON Configuration...................................................................................................1-1

1.1 RMON Overview................................................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................1-1

1.1.2 RMON Groups.........................................................................................................1-2

1.2 Configuring RMON ............................................................................................................1-3

1.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites.....................................................................................1-3

1.2.2 Configuration Procedure.........................................................................................1-3

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining RMON....................................................................................1-5

1.4 RMON Configuration Example ..........................................................................................1-6

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

1-1

Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

When configuring RMON, go to these sections for information you are interested in:

zRMON Overview

zConfiguring RMON

zDisplaying and Maintaining RMON

zRMON Configuration Example

1.1 RMON Overview

This section covers these topics:

zIntroduction

zRMON Groups

1.1.1 Introduction

Remote Monitoring (RMON) is a type of IETF-defined MIB. It is the most important

enhancement to the MIB II standard. It allows you to monitor traffic on network

segments and even the entire network.

RMON is implemented based on the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

and is fully compatible with the existing SNMP framework.

RMON provides an efficient means of monitoring subnets and allows SNMP to monitor

remote network devices in a more proactive and effective way. It reduces traffic

between network management station (NMS) and agent, facilitating large network

management.

RMON comprises two parts: NMSs and agents running on network devices.

zEach RMON NMS administers the agents within its administrative domain.

zAn RMON agent resides on a network monitor or probe for an interface. It monitors

and gathers information about traffic over the network segment connected to the

interface to provide statistics about packets over a specified period and good

packets sent to a host for example.

RMON allows multiple monitors.A monitor provides two ways of data gathering:

zUsing RMON probes. NMSs can obtain management information from RMON

probes directly and controlnetwork resources. In this approach, RMON NMSs can

obtain all RMON MIB information.

zEmbedding RMON agents in network devices such as routers, switches, and hubs

to provide the RMON probe function. RMON NMSs exchange data with RMON

agents with basic SNMP commands to gather network management information,

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

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which, due to system resources limitation, may not cover all MIB information but

four groups of information, alarm, event, history, and statistics, in most cases.

S9500 series adopts the second way. By using RMON agents on network monitors, an

NMS can obtain information about traffic size, error statistics, and performance

statistics for network management.

1.1.2 RMON Groups

RMON categorizes objects into ten groups. This section describes only the major

implemented five groups.

I. Event group

The event group defines event indexes and controls the generation and notifications of

the events triggered by the alarms defined in the alarm group and the private alarm

group. The events can be handled in one of the following ways:

zLogging events in the event log table

zSending traps to NMSs

zBoth logging and sending traps

zNo action

II. Alarm group

The RMON alarm group monitors specified alarm variables, such as statistics on a port.

If the sampled value of the monitored variable is bigger than or equal to the rising

threshold, a rising alarm event is triggered; if the sampled value of the monitored

variable is lower than or equal to the falling threshold, a falling alarm event is triggered.

The event is then handled as defined in the event group.

The following is how the system handles entries in the RMON alarm table:

1) Samples the alarm variables at the specified interval.

2) Compares the sampled values with the predefined threshold and triggers events if

all triggering conditions are met.

Note:

If a monitored variable overpasses the same threshold multiple times, only the first one

can cause an alarm event. That is, the rising alarm and falling alarm are alternate.

III. Private alarm group

The private alarm group calculates the sampled values of alarm variables and

compares the result with the defined threshold, thereby realizing a more

comprehensive alarming function.

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

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System handles the prialarm alarm table entry (as defined by the user) in the following

ways:

zPeriodically samples the prialarm alarm variables defined in the prialarm formula.

zCalculates the sampled values based on the prialarm formula.

zCompares the result with the defined threshold and generates an appropriate

event.

IV. History group

The history group controls the periodic statistical sampling of data, such as bandwidth

utilization, number of errors, and total number of packets.

Note that each value provided by the group is a cumulative sum during a sampling

period.

V. Ethernet statistics group

The statistics group monitors port utilization. It provides statistics about network

collisions, CRC alignment errors, undersize/oversize packets, broadcasts, multicasts,

bytes received, packets received, and so on.

After the creation of a valid event entry on a specified interface, the Ethernet statistics

group counts the number of packets received on the current interface. The result of the

statistics is a cumulative sum.

Note:

Currently, S9500 series switches do not support statistics about oversize frames and

bytes received.

1.2 Configuring RMON

1.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites

Before configuring RMON, configure the SNMP agent as described in SNMP

Configuration in the System Volume.

1.2.2 Configuration Procedure

Follow these steps to configure RMON:

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

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To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system view system-view —

Create an event entry

in the event table

rmon event entry-number [ description

string ] { log |trap trap-community |

log-trap log-trapcommunity | none }

[ owner text ]

Optional

Enter Ethernet

interface view interface interface-type

interface-number —

Create an entry in the

history table

rmon history entry-number buckets

number interval sampling-interval

[ owner text ] Optional

Create an entry in the

statistics table rmon statistics entry-number [ owner

text ] Optional

Exit Ethernet interface

view quit —

Create an entry in the

alarm table

rmon alarm entry-number

alarm-variable sampling-interval

{ absolute |delta } rising-threshold

threshold-value1 event-entry1

falling-threshold threshold-value2

event-entry2 [ owner text ]

Optional

Create an entry in the

private alarm table

rmon prialarm entry-number

prialarm-formula prialarm-des

sampling-interval { absolute |

changeratio | delta }rising-threshold

threshold-value1 event-entry1

falling-threshold threshold-value2

event-entry2 entrytype { forever | cycle

cycle-period } [ owner text ]

Optional

Note:

zTwo entries with the same configuration cannot be created. If the parameters of a

newly created entry are identical to the corresponding parameters of an existing

entry, the system considers their configurations the same and the creation fails.

Refer to Table 1-1 for the parameters to be compared for different entries.

zThe system limits the total number of all types of entries (Refer to Table 1-1 for the

detailed numbers). When the total number of an entry reaches the maximum

number of entries that can be created, the creation fails.

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

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Table 1-1 Limitations on the configuration of RMON

Entry Parameters to be compared Maximum number of

entries that can be

created

Event

Event description (description string),

event type (log, trap, logtrap or none)

and community name (trap-community

or log-trapcommunity)

History Sampling interval (interval

sampling-interval) 100

Statistics Only one statistics entry can be

created on an interface. 100

Alarm

Alarm variable (alarm-variable),

sampling interval (sampling-interval),

sampling type (absolute or delta),

rising threshold (threshold-value1) and

falling threshold (threshold-value2)

Pri-alarm

Alarm variable formula

(alarm-variable), sampling interval

(sampling-interval), sampling type

(absolute, changeratio or delta),

rising threshold (threshold-value1) and

falling threshold (threshold-value2)

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining RMON

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Display RMON statistics display rmon statistics

[ interface-type interface-number ] Available in any

view

Display RMON history

information and the latest

history sampling

information

display rmon history

[ interface-type interface-number ] Available in any

view

Display RMON alarm

configuration information display rmon alarm

[ entry-number ] Available in any

view

Display RMON prialarm

configuration information display rmon prialarm

[entry-number ] Available in any

view

Display RMON events

configuration information display rmon event

[entry-number ] Available in any

view

Display RMON event log

information display rmon eventlog

[ event-number ] Available in any

view

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

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1.4 RMON Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

Agent is connected to a configuration terminal through its console port and to a remote

NMS across the Internet.

Create an entry in the RMON Ethernet statistics table to gather statistics on

GigabitEthernet 4/2/2, and logging is enabled after received bytes exceed the specified

threshold.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-1 Network diagram for RMON

III. Configuration procedure

# Configure RMON to gather statistics for interface GigabitEthernet 4/2/2.

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] interface GigabitEthernet 4/2/2

[Sysname-GigabitEthernet4/2/2] rmon statistics 1 owner user1-rmon

[Sysname-GigabitEthernet4/2/2] quit

# Display RMON statistics for interface GigabitEthernet 4/2/2.

<Sysname> display rmon statistics GigabitEthernet 4/2/2

Statistics entry 1 owned by user1-rmon is VALID.

Interface : GigabitEthernet4/2/2<ifIndex.157>

etherStatsOctets : 0 , etherStatsPkts : 0

etherStatsBroadcastPkts : 0 , etherStatsMulticastPkts : 0

etherStatsUndersizePkts : 0 , etherStatsOversizePkts : 0

etherStatsFragments : 0 , etherStatsJabbers : 0

etherStatsCRCAlignErrors : 0 , etherStatsCollisions : 0

etherStatsDropEvents (insufficient resources): 0

Packets received according to length:

64 : 0 , 65-127 : 0 , 128-255 : 0

256-511: 0 , 512-1023: 0 , 1024-1518: 0

# Create an event to start logging after the event is triggered.

<Sysname> system-view

Operation Manual – RMON

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 RMON Configuration

1-7

[Sysname] rmon event 1 log owner 1-rmon

[Sysname] display rmon event 1

Event table 1 owned by 1-rmon is VALID.

Description: null.

Will cause log when triggered, last triggered at 2day(s) 03h:56m:06s.

# Configure an alarm group.

[Sysname] rmon alarm 1 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.1.1.1.4.1 delta rising-threshold 1000

1 falling-threshold 100 1 owner 1-rmon

[Sysname] display rmon alarm 1

Alarm table 1 owned by 1-rmon is VALID.

Samples type : delta

Variable formula : 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.1.1.1.4.1<etherStatsOctets.1>

Sampling interval : 10(sec)

Rising threshold : 1000(linked with event 1)

Falling threshold : 100(linked with event 1)

When startup enables : risingOrFallingAlarm

Latest value : 2552

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