HP Reliable Transaction Router Manuale utente

HPReliableTransactionRouter

GettingStarted

Order Number: AA-RLE1C-TE

June 2005

This document introduces HP Reliable Transaction Router and describes its

concepts for the system manager, system administrator, and applications

programmer.

Revision/Update Information: This manual supersedes Reliable

Transaction Router Getting Started,

Version 4.2.

Software Version: HP Reliable Transaction Router Version

5.0

Hewlett-Packard Company

Palo Alto, California

Conﬁdential computer software. Valid license from HP required for possession,

use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial

Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data

for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor’s

standard commercial license.

The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only

warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty

statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should

be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for

technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.

Microsoft and Windows are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Intel and Itanium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation

or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.

UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Java is a US trademark

of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

This document was prepared using DECdocument, Version 3.3-1B.

Contents

Preface ..................................................... vii

1 Introduction

Reliable Transaction Router . . ........................... 1–1

RTR Continuous Computing Concepts . . ................... 1–3

RTR Terminology . . ................................... 1–4

RTR Server Types . ................................... 1–17

RTR Networking Capabilities ........................... 1–26

2 Architectural Concepts

The Three-Tier Architecture . ........................... 2–1

RTR Facilities Bridge the Gap ........................... 2–3

Broadcasts .......................................... 2–4

Flexibility and Growth ................................. 2–4

Transaction Integrity .................................. 2–5

The Partitioned Data Model . . ........................... 2–6

Object-Oriented Programming ........................... 2–6

Objects .......................................... 2–8

Messages ........................................ 2–9

Class Relationships ................................ 2–9

Polymorphism . ................................... 2–10

Object Implementation Beneﬁts....................... 2–10

Java Support ........................................ 2–11

XA Support ......................................... 2–11

iii

3 Reliability Features

RTR Server Types .................................... 3–1

Failover and Recovery . ................................ 3–2

Router Failover . . . ................................ 3–2

Recovery Scenarios .................................... 3–3

Backend Recovery . ................................ 3–3

Router Recovery . . ................................ 3–3

Frontend Recovery ................................ 3–4

4 RTR Interfaces

RTR Management .................................... 4–6

RTR Administrator ................................ 4–6

RTR Command Line Interface ........................ 4–10

Application Programming Interfaces ...................... 4–16

RTR Java Object-Oriented Interface . . . ................ 4–16

RTR C++ Object-Oriented Programming Interface . . ....... 4–18

RTR C Programming Interface ....................... 4–21

5 The RTR Environment

The RTR System Management Environment ................ 5–1

Monitoring RTR . . . ................................ 5–3

Transaction Management ............................ 5–4

Partition Management .............................. 5–5

RTR Runtime Environment ............................. 5–6

What’s Next? ........................................ 5–7

Glossary

Index

Examples

2–1 Objects-Deﬁned Sample ............................. 2–9

4–1 The user issues the following commands on the server

application where RTR is running on the backend. . ....... 4–12

4–2 When the next command is issued, RTR waits for the

message from the client, which does not appear until after

the client sends it (Example 4-3). ...................... 4–13

4–3 Commands and system response at client. ............... 4–14

4–4 The following lines arrive at the client from RTR after the

user enters commands at the server. ................... 4–15

4–5 Creating a Facility with the C++ API .................. 4–20

4–6 Starting RTR with the C++ API ....................... 4–21

4–7 Creating a Facility with the C++ API .................. 4–21

4–8 Creating a Partition with the C++ API ................. 4–21

Figures

1RTR Reading Path ................................. xi

1–1 Client Symbol . ................................... 1–5

1–2 Server Symbol . ................................... 1–6

1–3 Roles Symbols . ................................... 1–7

1–4 Facility Symbol ................................... 1–8

1–5 Components in the RTR Environment .................. 1–8

1–6 Two-Tier Client/Server Environment ................... 1–11

1–7 Three-Tier Client/Server Environment .................. 1–11

1–8 Browser Applet Conﬁguration ........................ 1–12

1–9 RTR with Browser, Single Node, and Database . .......... 1–13

1–10 RTR Deployed on Two Nodes ......................... 1–13

1–11 RTR Deployed on Three Nodes ....................... 1–14

1–12 Standby Server Conﬁguration ........................ 1–15

1–13 Transactional Shadowing Conﬁguration ................. 1–16

1–14 Standby Servers ................................... 1–19

1–15 Shadow Servers ................................... 1–20

1–16 Concurrent Servers ................................ 1–21

1–17 A Callout Server .................................. 1–22

1–18 Bank Partitioning Example .......................... 1–24

1–19 Standby with Partitioning ........................... 1–25

2–1 The Multitier Model ................................ 2–2

2–2 Partitioned Data Model . . ........................... 2–7

4–1 RTR Administrator ................................ 4–2

4–2 RTR Command Line Interface ........................ 4–3

4–3 RTR Manager . . ................................... 4–7

4–4 RTR Explorer: View of All Facilities ................... 4–8

4–5 RTR Explorer: View of One Facility ................... 4–9

4–6 RTR Service Provider ............................... 4–17

5–1 RTR System Management Environment ................ 5–4

5–2 RTR Runtime Environment . . ........................ 5–7

Tables

1RTR Documents . . . ................................ viii

2–1 Functional and Object-Oriented Programming Compared . . . 2–8

4–1 RTR Development Interfaces and their Use .............. 4–5

Preface

Purpose of this Document

The goal of this document is to assist an experienced system

manager, system administrator, or application programmer to

understand the Reliable Transaction Router (RTR) product.

Document Structure

This document contains the following chapters:

• Chapter 1, Introduction, provides information on RTR

technology, basic RTR concepts, and RTR terminology.

• Chapter 2, Architectural Concepts, introduces the RTR

three-tier model and explains the use of RTR functions and

programming capabilities.

• Chapter 3, Reliability Features, highlights RTR server types

and failover and recovery scenarios.

• Chapter 4, RTR Interfaces, introduces the management and

programming interfaces of RTR.

• Chapter 5, The RTR Environment, describes the RTR

system management and runtime environments, and

provides explicit pointers to further reading in the RTR

documentation set.

vii

Related Documentation

Table 1 describes RTR documents and groups them by

audience.

Table 1 RTR Documents

Document Content

For all users:

HP Reliable Transaction Router

Release Notes1Describes new features,

corrections, restrictions, and

known problems for RTR.

HP Reliable Transaction Router

Getting Started

Provides an overview

of RTR technology and

solutions, and includes the

glossary that deﬁnes all

RTR terms.

HP Reliable Transaction Router

Software Product Description

Describes product features.

For the system manager:

HP Reliable Transaction Router

Installation Guide

Describes how to install

RTR on all supported

platforms.

HP Reliable Transaction Router

System Manager’s Manual

Describes how to conﬁgure,

manage, and monitor RTR.

For the application

programmer:

HP Reliable Transaction Router

Application Design Guide

Describes how to design

application programs for

use with RTR, with both

C++ and C interfaces.

1Distributed on software kit.

(continued on next page)

viii

Table 1 (Cont.) RTR Documents

Document Content

HP Reliable Transaction Router

JRTR Getting Started 2Provides an overview

of the object-oriented

JRTR Toolkit including

installation, conﬁguration

and Java programming

concepts, with links

to additional online

documentation.

HP Reliable Transaction Router

C++ Foundation Classes

Describes the object-

oriented C++ interface that

can be used to implement

RTR object-oriented

applications.

HP Reliable Transaction Router

C Application Programmer’s

Reference Manual

Explains how to design

and code RTR applications

using the C programming

language and the RTR

C API. Contains full

descriptions of the basic

RTR API calls.

2In downloadable kit.

You can ﬁnd additional information about RTR, including the

Software Product Descriptions, on the RTR website found

through http://www.hp.com links to middleware products or at

http://www.hp.com/go/rtr .

Reader’s Comments

HP welcomes your comments on this manual. Please send

comments to either of the following addresses:

Internet [email protected]

Postal Mail Hewlett-Packard Company

RTR Documentation Group, ZKO3-4/Y17

110 Spit Brook Rd.

Nashua, NH 03062-2698

Conventions

This manual adopts the following conventions:

Convention Description

New term New terms are shown in bold when

introduced and deﬁned. All RTR terms

are deﬁned in the glossary at the end of

this document.

User input

User input and programming examples

are shown in a monospaced font.

Boldface monospaced font indicates

user input.

Terms and titles Terms deﬁned only in the glossary are

shown in italics when presented for

the ﬁrst time. Italics are also used for

titles of manuals and books, and for

emphasis.

FE RTR frontend

TR RTR transaction router or router

BE RTR backend

Refer to . . . References another manual.

See . . . References another part of this manual.

Reading Path

The reading path to follow when using the Reliable Transaction

Router information set is shown in Figure 1.

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